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Analýza dat týkajících se risku sebevraždy u mentálně nemocných
Hron, Jiří ; Rauch, Jan (advisor) ; Malá, Ivana (referee)
The three goals of this thesis are to present a coherent overview of the research on suicide in both the general population and among mentally ill, to analyse records of hospitalisations of mentally ill from years 2006 to 2012 while looking for patterns either leading to identification of suicide risk factors or useful for predicting probability of suicide at the time of discharge, and finally to compare a selected subset of statistical, data mining and machine learning methods in relation to their applicability to the second goal. The overview is based on information from over 40 published articles. The analysis and the comparison make use of associative rules mining, visual and stepwise methods for exploration, standard and conditional logistic regression models for inference, and variations of random forests for prediction. To the best of author's knowledge, none of the three goals was previously pursued by any other researcher in the Czech Republic, certainly not using the data set provided for purposes of this thesis. A new modification of random forest combined with a set of logistic regression in order to refine prediction accuracy is also briefly explored. The structure closely follows the above--stated goals starting from the chapters on related work and on the theoretical basis of the methods used, and concluding by the analysis itself and discussion of its results.
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Comparison of life quality in countries of European Union measured by various indicators
Knoll, Radim ; Malá, Ivana (advisor) ; Bílková, Diana (referee)
In this bachelor thesis I try to describe the quality of life using a wider range of components which affects the quality of life and use these components to compare the quality of life in 28 member countries of the European Union. This work is divided into four parts. The first part is a detailed description of individual components of life quality. Along with that a comparison of all indicators of life quality is shown. Compared indicators were used in multiple calculations and models of life quality. The second part contains an overall comparison of the European Union based on all indicators. The third part consists of a comparison of the values of selected indicators in years of 2007 and 2013. Furthermore cluster analysis which is based on similarity of states classified by chosen indicators is shown. The last part contains a list of individual states ranked by the quality of life in years of 2008 and 2012.
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Comparison of the Bayesian and Frequentist Approach to the Statistics
Hakala, Michal ; Karel, Tomáš (advisor) ; Malá, Ivana (referee)
The Thesis deals with introduction to Bayesian statistics and comparing Bayesian approach with frequentist approach to statistics. Bayesian statistics is modern branch of statistics which provides an alternative comprehensive theory to the frequentist approach. Bayesian concepts provides solution for problems not being solvable by frequentist theory. In the thesis are compared definitions, concepts and quality of statistical inference. The main interest is focused on a point estimation, an interval estimation, a statistical hypothesis testing and finally a stochastic convergence. The contribution of the thesis is a brief compilation of the Bayesian theory and introducing new arguments and examples in the discussion between proponents of the Bayesian and frequentist approach to statistics.
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Statistical hypothesis testing using sports data
Černý, Jakub ; Malá, Ivana (advisor) ; Čabla, Adam (referee)
This bachelor thesis is based on empirical study of betting odds of six world-wide betting offices. Using statistical hypothesis testing it tests similarity among offices predictions of five best football leagues and whether the predictions correspond with final results of these games. It has been demonstrated that betting offices predict matches identically but predictions does not correspond with final results. In the second part of this paper, the betting offices are experimentally treated as bettors and their return on investment is monitored. From the comparison of returns and mean squared error of predictions, betting offices Bet365 and BetVictor can be considered as those with the best predictions. Analysis of Fortel servis betting diary has shown that using betting advisory service can lead to long-term profits. It is a proof that betting offices can be beaten over a long time which was also one of the objectives of this paper.
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Statistical survey of injuries in childhood
Suchopár, Jan ; Malá, Ivana (advisor) ; Sobíšek, Lukáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of injuries in childhood. Data we obtained through a questionnaire survey of primary school pupils and pediatric surgeries. Thesis is divided into five parts. The first part describes the causes of injuries. Statistical methods are described in the second part. The third part focuses on methods of data collection and the creation of the questionnaire. The data are processed in the fourth and in the fifth part. The goal is to verify the theory of frequency of injuries in dependence on age, sex and activities of a child using statistical methods. The conclusion summarizes the results of each survey.
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An Analysis of Unemployment in Poland and the Czech Republic
Vavrečková, Klára ; Čabla, Adam (advisor) ; Malá, Ivana (referee)
The subject-matter of this bachelor thesis is an analysis of unemployment in the Czech Republic and Poland with a main focus on long-term unemployment which has a negative effect on an individual as well as on the state's economy. The major goal of this thesis is to compare the development and structure of unemployment in both countries from different perspectives by using appropriate statistical methods. The first part focuses on a clarification of terms such as unemployment. The second part of this paper compares the basic and common characteristics of the countries. The next part is devoted to the theory of the statistical methods which are use in the analytical part. Based on the data taken from Eurostat and the Czech Statistical Office in the year 1998--2013 is in the analytical part used the Analysis of Variance, analysis of trend and forecast of the long-term unemployment by using the exponential smoothing method. The bachelor thesis provides a compact insight into problems of unemployment in the Czech Republic and Poland.
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Analysis of similarities of results at admission tests on FIS
Habarta, Filip ; Mazouch, Petr (advisor) ; Malá, Ivana (referee)
The aim of this work is the analysis of admissions to undergraduate study to the academic year 2014/2015 on the Faculty of informatics and statistics of University of Economics, Prague. This analysis is focusing mainly on the problem of cheating during the admission tests. For this purpose probability model that reveals suspiciously high number of matches of answers on the test questions between the participants is being used. Model is calculated by script that was created as part of this thesis. This script can be used for different data sets. Part of the thesis analyzes data obtained from the admissions on the basic statistical level. Final evaluation of the admissions and suggestions of precautions measures are summarized in the end of this thesis.
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Analysis of time series of property criminal acts in the Czech Republic regions in the period 1994-2014
Kubiš, Miroslav ; Helman, Karel (advisor) ; Malá, Ivana (referee)
The bachelor thesis is examining annual and monthly time series of criminality in regions of the Czech Republic in the period from 1994 to 2014. For this thesis the data on property criminality were selected. The data were gained from Police office. The main aim of this thesis is to examine the development of these time series. For this analysis I use basic characteristics and some methods for modelling the seasonal component. Ambitions of this thesis are: to examine the amount of criminal records committed throughout the months of the year, to examine the development of all criminal records and to compare time series in the regions of the Czech Republic.
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Quantile Regression
Procházka, Jiří ; Bašta, Milan (advisor) ; Malá, Ivana (referee)
The thesis deals with brief introduction of the quantile regression theory. The thesis is divided into three thematic parts. In the first part the thesis deals with general introduction to the quantile regression, with theoretical aspects regarding quantile regression and with basic approaches to estimation of quantile regression parameters. The second part of the thesis focuses on general and asymptotic properties of the quantile regression. Goal of this part is to compare the quantile regression with traditional OLS regression and outline its possible application. In the third part the thesis describes statistical inference, construction of the confidence intervals and testing statistical hypotheses about quantile regression parameters. The goal of this part is to introduce traditional approach and the approach based on resampling procedures and in the end of the day perform mutual comparison of different approaches eventually propose partial modification.
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Analysis of household consumption in the EU
Kolman, Martin ; Bílková, Diana (advisor) ; Malá, Ivana (referee)
The goal of this work is to analyze the evolution of household consumption of the states in the EU. The consumption will be researched in the view of classification COICOP, which is the classification of individual consumption by purpose. After mapping of this evolution the estimation of future values will be done from known time series. This estimation will be performed by two different ways. First one will respect the composition of household consumption in sections of classification COICOP. The second one will only work with time series of average consumption for all sections together. To compare the states cluster analysis will be done. This analysis will be done by two ways again. First one will be aimed to analyze the current situation and the second one will be aimed to analyze the evolution of household consumption. Instead of Microsoft Excel STATGRAPHICS X64 CENTURION and SPSS will be used in this thesis. Household consumption prognosis is the main benefit of this thesis. This prognosis is made for all sections of COICOP. Analysis has shown, that the consumption should rise in future. There are few exceptions, mainly countries with not good economic situation as Greece.
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