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The effect of N fertilization on plant growth during primary succession
Müllerová, Věra ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Mudrák, Ondřej (referee)
Nitrogen as the fourth most educated element of living organisms and the limiting factor of the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem is still a major problem for scientists around the world. Today, developed countries are able to store their inputs in the form of depositions in the same values, but there is a question of long-term effects of chronic nitrogen add-ons. The aim of the thesis is to compare the effect of long-term and one-time fertilization on various plant species, especially on grass and nitrogen fixation plants in relation to the age of the soil on which they grow. This connection will be investigated by the ANOVA method in a practical experiment on selected plants growing on different old soils that have been or have not been fertilized for long periods with nitrogen. As model organisms, I chose a nitrogen fixing device, Lotus corniculatus, and Festuca rubra an unstable plant, which is also a representative of the grass. One-off fertilization had a positive effect on the growth of above-ground biomass on all plants. We have a different impact according a type of plant on long-term fertilization. In this case, I recommend more detailed testing of a wider sample of plants.
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Spontaneous succession and its role in vegetation recovery of post mining sites and other disturbed areas
Dobešová, Alena ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Mudrák, Ondřej (referee)
Ecosystem restoration is vitally important, to return ecosystem in acceptable stage after anthropogenic disturbance. Spontaneous succession when disturbed area spontaneously recovers over time can be also considered as restoration method. This will restore vegetation cover, the interactions between biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem, energy transfer, nutrient cycling and other important functions. In this thesis, I examined the influence of environmental variables on the cover of vegetation during succession. It was a mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, pH and soil types. The optimal course of succession appears to be a large increase of coverage at an early stage and its basically unchanged trend in other stages of succession. This was achived with an average annula temperature of 7řC, with an annual rainfall of 900 mm at pH 5 and the light and heavy soils. Key words: spontaneous succession, vegetation recovery, vegetation cover, disturbed areas
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Obnova druhově bohatých luk na výsypkách po těžbě uhlí, vliv růyných technik a velikosti obnovované plochy
Kolářová, Petra ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Mudrák, Ondřej (referee)
Common problems and characteristics of sites affected by the mining are land occupation, pollution, land degradation, hydrologic changes and landscape change what belong to the major environmental problems in many countries. Despite the regulation prescribed by the Mining Act which brought significant progress in post mining land reclamation, emphasise mostly in recovery of production capability of landscape, many recent studies state it may not be so effective in restoration of diversity and ecosystem services. In order to properly assess newer approaches in spoil heaps recultivation our research is focused on the restoration of species rich meadows using near-nature methods, specifically the transfer of turves and seeds-containing hay transfer supported by management (mowing and mowing with mulching). Additionally, the research is focused on influence of the plot size on restoration success and on effect of management on soil development. Both of the applied near-nature methods of species rich meadow recultivation are effective in species provisioning and thus succession acceleration. More successful is the method of transferred turves where it was possible to establish more than 60% of the species from the donor site. The species richness on sites and its spreading is dependent on implemented...
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The effect of soil successional development in spoil heap on plant germination and growth
Pavlíčková, Hana ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Mudrák, Ondřej (referee)
Previous field research show, that late successional species correspond with soil development, especially with organomineral A horizon developing. Aim of my thesis was to compare plant growth on different types of soil from spoil heaps. They were taken from three chronosequencies of different age - nonrecultivated and soils recultivated with planting of alder (Alnus) and spruce (Picea). In my research were used 7 types of plants - Arrhenatherum elatius, Centaureae jacea, Festuca rubra, Lychnis flos-cuculi, Lotus corniculatus, Plantago major, Trifolium medium. Spontaneous sites support more species than reclaimed ones this difference increase with plot age without distinct difference between early and late succession species. Key words Succession, recultivation, germination alder (Alnus), spruce (Picea), Arrhenatherum, Centaureae, Festuca, Lychnis, Lotus, Plantago, Trifolium.
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Current occurrence of eyebright (Euphrasia) in the Krkonoše (Giant) Mountains and the evaluation of the effect of the time of mowing
Blahník, Jan ; Krahulec, František (advisor) ; Mudrák, Ondřej (referee)
At the time the Black and Red List of the Vascular Plants of the Krkonoše (Giant) Mountains was being compiled it was found that no information was available about the distribution of eyebright (Euphrasia) or other facts concerning this hemiparasite growing in the Krkonoše. The aim of this work was to fill the gap. This was to be done by creating a GIS layer with the current distribution of eyebright in the mountains, by analysing the soils taken in places of eyebright occurrence, in neighbouring places and those closely resembling them but without eyebright. The soils were taken each time from five places in the particular locality and were analysed as a mixed sample. In all, 107 mixed soil samples were taken, of which 53 in places where eyebright occurred and in 54 similar places where eyebright was absent. Eyebright grows in places with a higher pH and it performs better in lower available phosphorus concentration. Management test was used to test the earlier time of mowing meadows containing eyebright, when a larger number of flowering eyebright occurs among the plants in comparison with the number of flowering eyebright on surfaces mown at a later time.; Management testing was carried out from June to July 2011 in six localities, with five plots in each locality, in the Eastern and Western...
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Final report about research in Sokolov post mining sites in 2015 based on agreement between ENKI ops and Institute of Soil Biology BC CAS
Frouz, Jan ; Moradi, J. ; Mudrák, Ondřej ; Albrechtová, Jana ; Kučera, J. ; Kukla, J. ; Bednářová, E. ; Vindušková, O. ; Sebag, D. ; Cailleau, G. ; Brus, Jiří
The report brings main results of the research about soil and ecosystem recovery in post mining landscape near Sokolov based on agreement between ENKI ops and Institute of soil biology, BC CAS.
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Plant-soil interactions in succession on post-mining sites
MUDRÁK, Ondřej
Field observation and manipulative experiments were carried out to describe and test important processes affecting the plant succession on Sokolov post-mining sites. Examined was mainly effect of dominant tree species (which are planted or spontaneously established) on understory plants, litter decomposability and effect of earthworms (Lumbricidae) on late successional plant species.
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