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Landscape-scale changes in central Europe around the Pleistocene-Holocene transition and the Anthropocene
Prach, Jindřich ; Pokorný, Petr (advisor) ; Kuosmanen, Niina Irina (referee) ; Roleček, Jan (referee)
This thesis investigates the dynamics of the central European landscape. Four case studies, exploring two key periods of environmental transformation: Late Glacial and the Anthropocene, are included. All case studies are connected by the spatial scale of interest: the landscape scale. This scale is targeted not only by the spatial extent of the sampling, but by the essence of the issues investigated, as broadly described in the introduction. The studies use disparate methods and different contexts, which helps to approach such a complex phenomenon - the landscape and its formation. The included studies are dealing with the Last Glacial landscape and vegetation by (1) comparing pollen records using modern analogues (here from Yakutia) and argues that the change at the Late Glacial/Holocene transition may not have been as great as previously thought, because at least somewhere forests may had existed during the Last Glacial being supported by permafrost melting. A follow-up study (2) explores how permafrost melting, i.e., thermokarst processes, generated an entire lake landscape whose remnants unexpectedly largely persist in the Třeboň region (southern Czech Republic) to recent times. This is followed by (3) the use of a detailed palaeoenvironmental record of the discovered lakes and their contexts...
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