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Specificity of interrogation of children
Králová, Jarmila ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
The aim of the thesis was to describe the main differencies between an interrogation of adults and children. The thesis is composed of six chapters, an introduction and a conclusion. The first chapter is focused on concept "a child" in the Czech legal order and International agreements. The next chapter describes specifics and problems of individual evolutionary periods of children. The third chapter explains the interrogation in a general meaning. The interrogation is included and modified in more statutes. I focused on provisions of a statute relating the interrogation in Czech law, especially in criminal law. Next part of this chapter deals with the interrogation and a criminalistics. How to prepare for the interrogation, the stages of the interrogation and tactics of its implementation. I also mentioned the forensic psychology which helps and supplements the criminalistics with its own methods and findings. The fourth chapter is an analysis of a testimony, in a first part in general meaning and the second part describes a process of formation of the testimony and the factors which can influence this process from an event to a record by an interrogator. The fifth chapter is concerned on specialities of interrogation of children. One of the major factors by interrogation of children is a...
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Temporary postponement of criminal procedure
Pojezný, Marek ; Šelleng, Dalibor (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
Temporary postponement of criminal procedure Abstract The diploma thesis deals with the procedural institute of temporary postponement of criminal procedure. This procedural instrument is one of few exceptions from the principal of legality, which is the topic of the first chapter. The following chapter introduces historical development as this institute is quite new in the Czech criminal law. The following chapter focuses on current regulation of this institute, which can be applied in various situations. There is also a description of specific institute of temporary postponement in this chapter, which is connected to the institute of not pressing the charges against the suspect. This institute brings some problematic aspects for application, which are analysed with a purpose of finding a solution. The following chapter deals with diversions in criminal procedure including the characteristics of this category with each one being briefly described. The practical part of the thesis is dedicated to comparison between temporary postponement and diversions in criminal procedure, based on the definitions and characteristics. The goal of this thesis is to analyze temporary postponement of criminal procedure and compare it with similar procedural instruments to find out, if it can be described as a diversion in...
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The Crime of Murder of a Newborn Child by the Mother
Konečná, Eliška ; Krupička, Jiří (advisor) ; Šelleng, Dalibor (referee)
The Crime of Murder of a Newborn Child by the Mother Abstract The topic of this diploma thesis is the crime of murder of a newborn child by the mother. In the first part of the thesis, the author deals with a historical excursion in the Czech lands from the 16th century until the end of the 20th century. The chapter maps the development of the regulation from early modern laws to the current Criminal Code and reflects the influence of previous regulations on the current form of this crime. The work also deals with criminological aspects of this issue in the 16th-19th century. The second chapter focuses on the individual elements of § 142 of the Criminal Code, ie. object, actus reus, subject and mens rea of this crime. The author discusses here, for example, the definition of the time when the crime of murdering a newborn child by a mother can be committed. It also addresses the issue of committing this crime in an omissive manner and the pitfalls associated with proving intent in such cases. The following chapter deals with the developmental stages of this crime and the author discusses mainly the attempt of this crime, with emphasis on the circumstances of the cessation of criminality of the attempt and the attempt on an unfit object of an attack. The fourth chapter of this work is devoted to prevention....
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The specificity of serial murder and their investigation
Hulínská, Martina ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
The subject of this diploma thesis is "The specificity of serial murders and their investigation". This diploma thesis focuses on the delimitation of serial murders, the typical way of committing serial murders, the criminalistic characterisation of serial killers as well as the methodology of such murders. The first chapter of the diploma thesis is dedicated to the definition of the term "serial murders" itself and simultaneously to the terms "mass and murderous wave". In the second chapter the aim is, primarily, to briefly analyse the legal classification of serial murders in the meaning of the Czech Criminal Code. This part of the diploma thesis also focuses on the differences between common murder, deliberate murder, murder with prior consideration and the typicalness of serial murders. The third chapter lays out different ways of committing serial murders from the view of preparatory action. Murder weapons and the mechanism of killing are also described in this part of the diploma thesis as well as the diplomant's own research on these topics based on the sample of 44 serial killers. The issue of the culprits of serial murders, especially the matter of their organisation and motive, is described in the fourth chapter. Furthermore, the culprits are divided into categories such as sexual serial...
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A crime of rape (selected issues)
Veselá, Eliška ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
A crime of rape (selected issues) Abstract The thesis deals with the concept of the crime of rape. The ambition of the graduate was not to give an all-embiscite interpretation of this crime from the point of view of criminal law and criminology, but to deal with the basic characteristics of rape and to respond to a possible change in the current law definition of rape. The introduction to the thesis first presents the basic historical development of this crime. Historical developments are demonstrated on three fictional stories so that the reader of the thesis can better imagine the main changes that have taken place in the area of basic constituent elements of the crime. Another part of the thesis consists of an analysis of the basic constituent elements of the of rape in § 185 of the Criminal Code. The interpretation of the basic constituent elements of this offence, complements the interpretation by legal theory and the interpretation of the Supreme Court and Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic. The following chapter in the thesis deals with the construction of the legal definition of rape as sexual intercourse without expressing voluntary consent. This chapter presents a list of states that legislate the crime of rape as sexual intercourse without consent. The following is an analysis of the...
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The Specifics of Children Interrogation
Vyčítalová, Jaroslava ; Krupička, Jiří (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
The Specifics of Children Interrogation Summary The diploma thesis deals with interrogation of children, which means person under 18 years old, as witnesses, or even victims of crimes. The interrogation of child witnesses should be approached with special care, as children are very vulnerable to their unfinished mental and psychological development and have a higher risk of secondary victimization. The graduate aims to provide the reader with a comprehensive set of information on the issue of questioning child witnesses. The issue has an interdisciplinary character, so the work contains criminal, forensic, psychological, and victimological knowledge. At the same time, on the basis of research and interviews with police officers and social workers, the graduate evaluates the legal regulation and interrogation practice, identifies shortcomings and tries to present possibilities for their solution. The first part of the thesis contains the definition of basic terms with which the graduate works in the work. These are the terms child, victim and particularly vulnerable victim, victimization, witness, interrogation and testimony. The second part of the work is focused on the legal regulation of the issue. The graduate mentions international and EU documents, but pays more attention to the regulation in the...
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Psychological profiling of an offender
Bezděková, Eva ; Krupička, Jiří (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
Název diplomové práce v anglickém jazyce, abstrakt v anglickém jazyce a tři klíčová slova v anglickém jazyce Psychological profiling of an offender Abstract The subject of this diploma thesis is the method called psychological profiling (also called criminal profiling or offender profiling), which was created in the 1970s by the American FBI to help investigators to solve serious violent crimes, such as serial murders or rapes. It involves working out the characteristics of an offender by examining the characteristics of the crime scene and the crime itself. Its aim is to create a profile of a likely offender, therefore it is usually perceived as a useful tool by law enforcement agencies when regular forensic methods fail to reveal the indentity of an unknown suspect. The main goal of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive view of this method, including its advantages and disadvantages, free from media distortion. The thesis consists of four main chapters. The first chapter explains the term psychological profiling and its roots and definitions, focuses on the history of the method and its most significant approaches - crime analysis, investigative psychology and behavioral analysis. Further in this chapter, I describe the ideal characteristics and background of an expert creating a profile. The last...
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Violent crime and its prevention
Valentová, Barbora ; Krupička, Jiří (advisor) ; Šelleng, Dalibor (referee)
Violent crime and its prevention Abstract Violent crime has been a part of our society since its inception. Nevertheless, just like our society, it keeps changing and evolving and for that reason its research remains relevant. As violent crime raises serious concerns for one's safety, the police, the media and the public pay close attention to it. The topic of violent crime is very extensive and it is difficult to grasp within the limited scope of the diploma thesis. With regard to this fact, the aim of this diploma thesis is to provide in six chapters at least a basic overview not only of violent crime, but also its prevention. The first chapter explains the concepts related to violent crime, and the attached overview table also lists the crimes that are classified as a violent crime. The second chapter provides information, based on the analysis of data from police statistics, on the share of violent crime in the total crime numbers, the state of violent crime in individual regions and throughout the Czech Republic and the structure of violent crime in 2020. It also discusses the development and evolution of violent crime up until 2020. The third chapter deals with the characteristics of violent crime with emphasis on the crime of robbery, its typology and international comparison. The fourth chapter...
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Stalking - criminological aspects
Bólová, Katarína ; Čírtková, Ludmila (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
Stalking - criminological aspects Abstract The issue of this thesis is the criminological aspects of the crime of stalking in Czech Republic according to section 354 of the Act no. 40/2009 Coll., Criminal Code. The thesis consists of three parts. The first part is focused on the characteristics of the concept of stalking, its criminalization and analysis of the crime of stalking from the point of view of substantive and procedural criminal law. The second part contains knowledge about the personality of stalking perpetrators, several selected typologies of perpetrators and practical advice and recommendations in connection with helping victims of stalking. The last part deals with the threat assessment which stalking perpetrators pose to their victims. Furthermore, it is the focus of the thesis, which is the analysis of the concept of "reasonable concern" in the context of the crime of stalking. The last chapter of this part is devoted to the analysis of 4 cases of stalking from a criminological point of view. The conclusion of the thesis consists of a summary of the most important findings that the author found during her writing. Keywords: stalking/ reasonable concern / threat assessment
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Secondary victimization of victims of sexual crimes by law enforcement authorities
Telska, Rosalie ; Čírtková, Ludmila (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
Secondary victimization of victims of sexual crimes by law enforcement authorities Abstract Although victims of crime received more attention in recent years than ever before, there are lots of myths about them in our society. These myths distort the view not only of the victims themselves, but of moral crimes in general and subsequently they have influence as to how victims are treated. A victim who reports a sexually motivated crime has to face stressful and confusing criminal proceedings. During the proceedings victims are usually forced to testify repeatedly, meet the perpetrator, respond to hurtful questions about their past, their relationship with the perpetrator and justify their behaviour during primary victimization. All of these uncomfortable experiences are the causes of secondary victimization by law enforcement authorities. The main aim of this thesis was to analyze criminal proceedings from the perspective of victims and focus on dangerous situations during which law enforcement authorities can cause secondary victimization to them. The author wanted to clarify the danger of secondary victimizations and dispel the myths and stereotypes which have influence on how we treat the victims and cause secondary victimization. As a source for analysis of criminal proceedings was not only the...
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