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From Luther to Lochman: The Shift in the Interpretation of the Ten Commandments
Peltanová, Anna ; Halama, Jindřich (advisor) ; Keřkovský, Pavel (referee)
My thesis focuses on the interpretation of the Ten Commandments. Mainly with the shift, which occurred between the interpretation of Martin Luther and one by Jan Milíč Lochman. The compared works are Luther's Treatise on Good Works and Lochman's Signposts to Freedom. To make the picture complete, I added quotations from other interpretations of the Ten Commandments. Each chapter deals with one commandment. At the beginning of a chapter there is a survey of Luther's ideas, followed by Lochman's ideas and a summary of the differences between the two interpretations. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the shift that occurred in protestant interpretations of the Ten Commandments in the past half millennium is large, or how big it is. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Relationship between Redemption and Emancipation in the Political Theology of J. B. Metz
Ort, Jakub ; Macek, Petr (advisor) ; Keřkovský, Pavel (referee)
This thesis, called The Relationship between Redemption and Emancipation in the Political Theology of J. B. Metz, concerns the political theology of J. B. Metz. The first part summarizes the influences, which shaped his theological thinking and it presents his concept of political theology. The next part asks a question about the relationship between the ideas of redemption and emancipation in Metz's theology. This is based on the interpretation of a chapter from his book, Glaube in Geschichte und Gesellschaft, which concerns the topic. But before the interpretation of Metz's text, the problems of relationship between the two terms and of their origin are described. The extent of the field of meaning of the term "emancipation" is illustrated by the examples of the thinking of Immanuel Kant, Karl Marx and Jürgen Habermas. A large part is dedicated to the figures of the Frankfurt school, Theodor Adorno and Walter Benjamin, and their specific approach to the idea of emancipation and the Enlightenment tradition. The final thesis rejects the opinion, that the ideas of emancipation and redemption in Metz's theology coincide too much and it puts stress on the importance of the term "history of suffering" for solving this problem of Metz's theology. Keywords political theology, J. B. Metz, emancipation,...
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Marriage according to Richard Baxter's Christian Directory
Kadlecová, Kristýna ; Halama, Jindřich (advisor) ; Keřkovský, Pavel (referee)
This bachelor thesis "Marriage according to Richard Baxter ́s Christian Directory" deals with the view of the puritan Richard Baxter about marriage. Puritanism is placed in its historical context and there are characterized its main emphases. In the first chapter there is also Baxter ́s biography, including a list of his well-known writings. The thesis also contains Baxter ́s opinion about life of married people, beginning with selection of a suitable partner and continuing with instructions and duties which the man and woman should do in this relationship. The second chapter focuses on John Calvin (Baxter ́s predecessor), his personality and thoughts. It describes shortly the influence of lutheranism on Calvin ́s work, the important milestones in his life, his emphasis and infuence of the Reformation understanding on marriage. As well as in previous chapter, it deals with the choice of a life partner, the rights and obligations which partners have one another, including Calvin ́s view of celibacy and adultery. In the final comparison it is possible to see in which point of view Baxter follows Calvin and in which not. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Theory and Practice of Human Rights in the Czech Republic, in Particular the Rights of Seniors in Social Services
Cmuntová, Petra ; Keřkovský, Pavel (advisor) ; Fischer, Ondřej (referee)
Diploma thesis "The Theory and Practice of Human Rights in the Czech Republic, in Particular the Rights of Seniors in Social Services" deals with the theory and practice of human rights in our country with regard to the rights of seniors in social services. The work is divided into two parts. The first and second chapters forming the first part of the thesis deal with basic concepts and principles of human rights; how the idea of existence of human rights is explained, and they also focus on the history of human rights, so that the context, in which the idea of human rights was born, is clear and introduce a general view of the chosen topic to readers. The second part of the thesis, chapters three and four, at the beginning deals with the history of human rights in the Czech Republic with an emphasis on the period after 1945, and thereafter on a period after 1989 to the present. From the perspective of today, the rights of seniors in social services are presented. Governmental and non-governmental institutions dealing with human rights are introduced and the thesis also states the reports on the conditions of the rights of seniors in the social services, which result mainly from the Ombudsman's reports.
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Blame, Repentance, Responsibility
Moudrá, Marie ; Keřkovský, Pavel (advisor) ; Halama, Jindřich (referee)
Blame, Repentance, Responsibility This thesis deals with the issue of blame, repentance and responsibility in terms of accountability for the current state of the world. After being characterized by fundamental concepts such as freedom of human action, ethics, morality, conscience, responsibility, blame and repentance, the thesis focused on the responsibility for the current state of the world. The paper outlines the nature of the current crisis of society from the perspective of two major theologians Hans Küng and Daniel L. Migliore. Next, the thesis deals with the necessity of a common ethical consensus and the project World ethos, which was created within the Parliament of World Religions. Much of the paper is devoted to the principles of this project and the four commandments, which are actually concretization of the "golden rule" and which can be found in most religions and ethical traditions of the world. In the next part this paper presents several areas of daily life, which the world's ethos touches, describes the current situation and needed changes. At the end it focuses on the activities of largest international organization that merits the promotion of the fundamental ethos in international practice - the United Nations, and some of the problems which are currently engaged in the UN....
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Christian nonconformity by J. H. Yoder and M. L. King
Kučera, Jiří ; Keřkovský, Pavel (advisor) ; Macek, Petr (referee)
This Bachelor thesis with the title Christian nonconformity by J. H. Yoder and M. L. King, deals with the specific status of Christian in society. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to the ethical concept of J. H. Yoder and the second part is dedicated to the ethical concept of M. L. King. The final part is attempting to compare both approaches with a focus on nonconformity. In the comparison is persuaded the social aspect in particular and shows the relationship between the society and the Christians according both concepts. The author of the work uses as literal sources particularly the essays and speeches from M. L. King and from the book of J. H. Yodera: The politics of Jesus. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Interpretation of the Commandment do not Commit Fornication in the Christian Traditions of the 20 th Century
Sedlák, Miroslav ; Halama, Jindřich (advisor) ; Keřkovský, Pavel (referee)
This thesis is about the commandment "Do not commit adultery". It shows us that the observance of this commandment can bring freedom and blessing, and in contrast, what are the consequences of violation ot the commandment. This paper compares two Old Testament stories in which the situation is "adultery" occurred. They are also mentioned the cases of fornication, which Christian tradition linking to this commandment (such as homosexuality, incest, rape, prostitution, etc.) Part of this work are some interpretations of the commandment 'Do not commit adultery" at selected Christian authors of the twentieth century. The final section discusses what are the opinions of the commandment in selected Christian churches. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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THE ETHICAL PROBLEMS OF HOME HELP AND POSSIBILITES OF TREIR SOLUTIONS ACCORDING TO BASIC ETHICAL ATTITUDES
Špaček, Miroslav ; Keřkovský, Pavel (advisor) ; Fischer, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis deals with the theme of ethical problems and dilemmas we can meet when providing day care. The basic ethical norms for solving these problems are presented in the first part. Chosen ethical problems and dilemmas of various cases of day care practice are described in the next part. The attitude of the Law of Social Services as the basic legal norm for providing day care service in the Czech Republic follows each of the cases. Afterwards, each case is considered in the relation to the Ethical Code of social workers in the Czech Republic. This code contains ethical principles and the rules of ethical behaviour of a social worker towards the client, colleagues, employers and society. Then the care is judged from the point of view of some ethical theories. Next, the real solving of the case and its assessment from the point of view of the ethical norms of treatment is presented. The results of solving concrete situations are compared according to different ethical theories in the final part. This thesis does not include a questionnaire because of the individual attitude to the client and the theoretical orientation of this work. KEY WORDS The Law Of Social Services, The Ethical Code Of The Social Workers In The Czech Republic, day care, social worker, health visitor, client, the contract of...
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Ethical problems of the elderly when coming to terms with the imanence of death
Eberson, Arthur Markus ; Keřkovský, Pavel (advisor) ; Halama, Jindřich (referee)
In this thesis we will reflect on the ethical problems faced by seniors in their final phase of life. Old age and the time, when seniors must face the idea of near death, are associated with the whole complex of issues. The objective of this thesis is not only to describe some phenomena observed in this period of life, but it also objects to a comprehensive probe into the final period of the senior's lives. Therefore, at the beginning we will try to describe the various manifestations of aging and approaching the death so that we can monitor their development and changes, especially with regard to the psyche and social contacts. In the following section the ethical problems which the seniors have to face will be described, and we will think about the options of solutions to these ethical issues. Of course, we will also take into consideration the differences in the approaches of the seniors who are and are not believers. We will focus primarily on the ethical issues in terminal stages of the life and the ethical conflicts that are directly related to dying and the death. We won't disregard the question of euthanasia and controlled suicide, brief history of the problem will also be included. Of course, it will be discussed primarily in ethical and theological terms.
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Suicide and Self-Sacrifice
Růžičková, Lucie ; Halama, Jindřich (advisor) ; Keřkovský, Pavel (referee)
Annotation: The topic of my thesis is 'suicide' and 'self-sacrifice'. The main target of the paper is to become familiar with the terms 'suicide' and 'self-sacrifice' and to find a difference between the two terms with reference to the ethical assessment. The paper has two theoretical parts. In the first part I briefly define terms 'suicide' and 'self-sacrifice' based on literature exploding some common myths and I present medical, psychological, sociological and theological knowledge on the subject. I also study historical, as well as cultural development of a suicide classification, methods, forms and means of the suicidal act and its specifics according to age, gender and different motives. The second part of the paper is dedicated to the Jan Palach case. In this part, I am trying to answer the question of whether the Palach's act is to be considered a suicide or self-sacrifice and I am also considering its ethical acceptability. I am examining motives of Palach's act, his life story, conducts and opinions, and I am dealing with responses of contemporary as well as present authors and the church representatives. At the same time, I also carry on my own critical evaluation and I am trying to answer the question whether the Palach's burn-to death act is for me an acceptable form of a ...
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