|
|
Explant Culture of Trifolium pratense L.
Šustrová, Lenka ; Kašparová, Marie (advisor) ; Dušek, Jaroslav (referee)
Explant Culture of Trifolium pratense L. A principial precondition for successful elicitation used to increase the production of secondary metabolities is, among other, finding a suitable elicitor, its concentration and the optimal period of time of the action of the elicitor on the plant culture in vitro, which was the aim of the present thesis. The effect was examined of a 6, 24, 48 and 168 hour action of the solution of mercury dichloride (in four concentrations) on the production of flavonoids and isoflavonoids in the callus and suspension culture of Trifolium pratense L. cultivated on a Gamborg medium with an addition of 2 mg.l-1 of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2 mg.l-1 of 6-benzylaminopurine, at the temperature of 25řC and 16 hour light/8 hour dark period. The maximal content of flavonoids found by a photometric determination according to Pharmacopoeia Bohemica 2005 was demonstrated in the callus culture (0,636 %) after 6 hour action of the elicitor of the 100 µmol concentration and in the suspension culture (0,492 %) after 168 hour action of the elicitor of the 10 µmol concentration. The maximal content of isoflavonoids found by a HPLC method was demonstrated in the suspension culture after 168 hour action of the elicitor of the 100 µmol concentration (0,03 % of daidzein) and after 168...
|
|
|
Abiotic elicitation of explant culture of Trifolium pratense L.
Fiedlerová, Gabriela ; Kašparová, Marie (advisor) ; Siatka, Tomáš (referee)
Abiotic elicitation of explant culture of Trifolium pratense L. Summary The objective of this dissertation was to observe the effect of the abiotic elicitors of mercuric chloride and cadmium chloride on the production of flavonoids, and also of the effect of the mercuric chloride elicitor on the production of isoflavonoids in the Trifolium pratense L. explant culture (variety DO−8). The cultures were cultivated in the Gamborg nutrient media with the addition of 2,4−dichlorphenoxyacetic acid (2 mg.l-1 ) and 6−benzylaminopurine (2 mg.l-1 ), in the temperature of 25 řC and during a 16-hours light/8-hours dark period. The quantity of flavonoids was determined spectrophotometrically according to The Czech Pharmacopoeia 2005. The quantity of isoflavonoids was determined by the HPLC method. We can see from the results of this dissertation that the concentration 10 μmol of both of the used abiotic elicitors had the greatest positive effect on the production of flavonoids. The largest quantity of flavonoids (0,576 %) was detected during the elicitation of cadmium chloride of a 10-μmol concentration and after 48−hour application when the quantity of flavonoids increased by statistically significant 294 % in relation to the control sample. The quantity of isoflavonoids was determined by the HPLC method during the...
|
|
|
In vitro cultures of medicinal plants - XI.
Sojková, Kristýna ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
In vitro cultures of medicinal plants - XI. Elicitation is one of the few strategies that can be used in enhancement of secondary metabolites production from explant cultures. The effect of abiotic elicitor (silver nitrate) on flavonolignan and flavonoid taxifolin production in suspension culture of Silybum marianum L. (Gaertn.) and on isoflavones production in suspension culture of Genista tinctoria L. was tested. Silver nitrate in various concentrations (5.887.10-3 mol/l; 5.887.10-4 mol/l; 5.887.10-5 mol/l) was used as elicitor. Content of secondary metabolites in suspension cultures was determinated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The samples were taken after 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours after elicitor treatment. The highest content of taxifolin production (0.02 %) in suspension culture of Silybum marianum L. (Gaertn.) after silver nitrate (5.887.10-4 mol/l) treatment and 72 h sampling was detected. The highest content of genistin (0.05 %) in suspension culture of Genista tinctoria L. was found after silver nitrate (5.887.10-4 mol/l) treatment and 48 h sampling. The highest content of daidzein (0.09 %) was detected after elicitor (5.887.10-4 mol/l) treatment and 168 h sampling.
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Effects of flavonoids on cardiovascular system
Šramarová, Pavlína ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Candidate: Pavlína Šramarová Supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Karlíčková, Ph.D Bachelor thesis 2013/2014: Effects of flavonoids on cardiovascular system, pp. 54 Flavonoids are plant secondary metabolities. Flavonoids have a positive influence on human health and show antioxidant activity. They scavenge free radicals and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer. This bachelor thesis explores mechanisms of their action, relationships between structure of flavonoids and antioxidant activity as well as their potential benefit in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, this work provides an overview of the significant effects of certain plants containing flavonoids such as Camellia sinensis, Vitis vinifera, Achillea millefolium, genus Artemisia etc. Key words: flavonoids, the cardiovascular system, effects, antioxidants
|
|
|
The effect of pyrazine derivatives on secondary metabolites in in vitro cultures
Kovalíková, Zuzana ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Vplyv derivátov pyrazínu na tvorbu sekundárnych metabolitov v rastlinných kultúrach in vitro - Zuzama Kovalíková - 71 - 11 Abstract Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy Candidate: Mgr. Zuzana Kovalíková Consultant: doc. PharmDr. Lenka Tůmová, CSc. Title of Thesis: The effect of pyrazine derivatives on secondary metabolites in in vitro cultures. This thesis investigates the effect of new synthetic pyrazine derivatives as potential elicitors on rutin production in callus and suspension cultures of Fagopyrum esculentum, var. Bambi. All tested chemical elicitors increased the production of rutin in both callus and suspension cultures. Callus and suspension culture was cultivated in Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium containing growth regulator (2,4-D) under the specified temperature and light conditions. The samples were taken in 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours after elicitor exposition, control samples were taken in 24 and 168 hours after exposition. The determination of the rutin content was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Elicitor P.G.R.1, propyl 5-(3-(4.chlorophenyl)ureido)pyrazine-2-carboxylate showed the highest increase in rutin production after 12 hours treatment in the callus culture, whereas the highest increase in...
|
|
|
Evaluation of drugs mixture toxicity
Podlipská, Kateřina ; Vytlačilová, Jitka (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Charles University in Prague Pharmaceutical Faculty in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Candidate: Mgr. Kateřina Podlipská Consultant: RNDr. Jitka Vytlačilová, Ph.D. Title of thesis: Evaluation of drugs mixture toxicity In this thesis were evaluated two substances, ibuprofen, from the group of non-steroidal and anti-inflammatory drugs, and ciprofloxacin, from the group of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. These substances belong to drugs with the highest worldwide consumption and are very often detected in the environment. In this thesis was monitored chronic toxicity of these drugs and their mixtures by using Multigenerational toxicity test with the protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila. For ciprofloxacin was detected the value of 24hEC50 0,12 mg/l (0,11 to 0,14 mg/l), for ibuprofen was 24hEC50 0,18 mg/l (0,15 to 0,22 mg/l), for the mixture of ciprofloxacin and ibuprofen (in ratio 1:1) was 24hEC50 0,08 mg/l (0,07 to 0,10 mg/l), for the mixture of ibuprofen and ciprofloxacin (in ratio 1:2) was 24hEC50 14 mg/l (0,11 to 0,18 mg/l) and for the mixture of ibuprofen and ciprofloxacin (in ratio 2:1) was 24hEC50 0,19 mg/l (0,17 to 0,22 mg/l). Synergistic or additive effect of these two drugs in the mixture was not observed. Keywords: ecotoxicology, ciprofloxacin, chronic toxicity,...
|
|
|
Secondary metabolites of plant cultures in vitro II
Pakánová, Alica ; Kašparová, Marie (advisor) ; Tůmová, Lenka (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy Student: Alica Pakánová Supervisor: PharmDr. Marie Kašparová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Secondary metabolites of plant cultures in vitro II Diploma thesis is focused on callus and suspension plant cultures of Juniperus virginiana 'Glauca' and their production of secondary metabolite. Produced content of podophyllotoxin was observed during 15 subcultivations for both types of cultures. The highest content of podophyllotoxin (0.060 %) was established in the 18th subcultivation of suspension culture derivated from the three-years-old callus culture and then subcultivated in the period of 21 days. The maximal content of podophyllotoxin produced by callus culture (0.0515 %) was found out in the 46th subcultivation. Simultaneously it represented the last observed subcultivation subcultivated in the period of 28 days. This research shows that nor the production of Juniperus virginiana callus culture neither the production of suspension culture is stopped by increased number of subcultivation. Keywords: Suspension cultures, callus cultures, production of secondary metabolites, Juniperus virginiana, podophyllotoxin.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.