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Benefit of master education for nursing
KUČÍRKOVÁ, Alena
This Master thesis discusses contemporary issues of nursing education in the Czech Republic. An amendment of the Act 96/2004 Coll. is currently being deeply discussed topic, however the amendment has not been approved yet. Therefore, I focus on current model of education which is in accordance with the European Directive EC 55/2013. Nursing is a separate scientific branch which has indisputable role in the care of healthy and sick people. Working with human health is very responsible and therefore competences related to nursing profession have been shifted from high schools to higher vocational schools and universities after our accession to the EU. Despite uniform European legislation the process of nursing education is different within EU states. I discussed this issue including basic concepts of present nursing in a theoretical part of the Master thesis. In this part is clearly elaborated system of nursing education in the Czech Republic and in the world. Furthermore, there is also elaborated about university education which is focused on achieving specialization in nursing education in contrary with the system of lifetime education. Goals of this Master thesis are to analyse opinions of nurses in leadership positions on the current education model and concurrently with that to ascertain their opinion on benefits of master education in nursing care. Four research questions were set up based on these targets. Concretely: What contribution does university education for nurses bring to practice? What are differences between nurses with bachelor and master degree from the perspective of leading nurses? furthermore"How does master education contribute to the quality of nursing care? and finally How are nurses with master degree seen by their superiors? In this master thesis there is used a qualitative research strategy to answer given questions and to meet set objectives. It has been reached by using non-standardized, non-structured interviews with open questions. The research data set consists of nine nurses from hospitals in the Region of South Bohemia. Under absolute anonymity, which the proband set, we cannot provide any closer socio-demographic information. Interview were always conducted individually, with the agreement of proband and it was recorded to a pre-prepared sheet. The survey was carried out during February and March 2016 in pre-selected workplaces of each proband. The results are summarized clearly into categories, subcategories and for clarity into concrete subgroups. For completeness, results are also shown in graphical form using diagrams. The results show that most of head nurses support education of their subordinated nurses, agree with current model of education system and also welcome this model due to extension of knowledge in nursing. Proband perceive negatively knowledge of graduates of healthcare high schools. The discussion of differences between nurses with bachelor and master degree brings a finding that head nurses prefer nurses with master degree for their maturity, self-confidence and as a bonus for the specialization obtained while gaining the Master degree. Master show better knowledge, know-how to apply EBN and they play important role during creating standards in practice. Furthermore, in the opinion of probands, nurses with master degree can better organize teams and have better ability to work in a role of a nurse manager. According to probands nurses with master degree could significantly influence nurse care by their knowledge, initiative, confidence in decision-making and a higher viewpoint that these nurses reached during their study. Moreover, these nurses are aware of the degree of responsibility of their work and according to the claim of probands they are appropriate for leadership positions where they can apply their knowledge after adequate practice time at the bedside.
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Infection risks of nursers at the inpatient wards
KUČÍRKOVÁ, Alena
Theoretical backround Working as a nurse is one the most human jobs, by serving to people, taking care and preserve health of a human, which is considered to be the highest value of human life for centuries. The aim of nurses is to take care of a human, to mitigate his or her symptoms and to comfort the life till its end if there is no possibility for full recovery. While they do previously described most of them are not aware of a need to take into account also their own health and especially protection against all dangerous microbes. In my bachelor thesis I analyse infection diseases sometimes also called occupational infections which are the most dangerous for nurses. All occupational infections are stated here together with their descriptions. In following parts of this thesis there are hygiene requirements on the workspace and finally in the last section hygienic-epidemic actions in a health care system are described. Objectives of this thesis Objective 1 Determine whether nurses comply with preventive actions against risks of infections. Objective 2 Determine whether nurses know risks of infections at patients departments. Objective 3 Determine whether nurses know how to defend their spread. Research questions Research Question 1: How do nurses protect themselves against risks of infections? Research Question 2: What information do nurses have about risks of infections in health care system? Research Question 3: In which way do nurses prevent the spread of infection to a de- partment? Methodology The bachelor thesis presents a qualitative research. Methods and techniques of a data collection, which we used in the work were participant observation and semi-structured interviews. The survey was carried out with 6 respondents in anesthesiology and resuscitation departments, surgical and internal intensive care units and intermediate care unit at Nemocnice České Budějvice a.s. The research method of an active observation was used during the survey. We observed certain facts that were recorded during the observation to a observation sheet (Appendix 4) and then transcribed and analysed. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The interview was conducted with the same respondents who were observed and recorded in a written form and then overwritten (Appendix 6). Results The results of the observations in the research study showed that nurses unfortunately do not comply with barrier nursing techniques as much as they should. The only thing that they fully comply with the overall finish, wear prescribed clothing and collection of biological material according to hygienic principles. Worse situation was in the using of protective equipment, disinfection and hand washing and eating food, where it did not comply 100%. In the next part of the research we focused on interviews with the observed respondents, the purpose was to find things that could not be identified by the only observing. The results showed that nurses do not even have much theoretical knowledge as regards to a occupational infection, or an injury treatment procedure when infected by an object. Conclusion The survey showed that while most nurses have a clue about good practices and knowledge of the occupational infections and hygienic-epidemiological measures ,but unfortunately theory is different from practice in which these things too oblivious. It emerged that unfortunately practice is different than the theory that we learn at universities and colleges.
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