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Contamination of foodplain of the Ploučnice river by heavy metals: relation to its architecture
Hošek, Michal ; Goliáš, Viktor (advisor) ; Kříbek, Bohdan (referee)
Summary: This thesis is focused on mapping of contaminants released into the environment probably due to uranium mining. These chemical contaminants are used to reconstruct the sedimentary processes. In the thesis we evaluate geochemical situation in the catchment area in the locality Borecek (part of the municipality Ralsko) using the overbank sediments as sedimentary archives of pollution during the last decades by elements U, Ba, Zn, Ni and 226 Ra. A map of aerial survey of gamma activity was used to select the area of interest, for more accurate localisation we used a surface gamma spectrometry. On Borecek we retrieved ten depth profiles of alluvial sediments (up to 230 cm) and one in Mimon, all samples were subjected to X-ray fluorescence spectral analysis (XRF), across the floodplain we performed gamma wire logs. For interpretations of floodplains architecture electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was used and selected profiles were analysed for the activity of 226 Ra and 210 Pb. Interrelation of 226 Ra and Ba proved that radiobarite is the main source of the gamma activity. 210 Pb / 226 Ra ratio was used as sediment age indicator. With enrichment factor (LEF), we performed chemostratigraphic correlation of the sediments, for that the concentration of the target elements is corrected for varying...
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Experimental investigation of copper smelter fly ash dissolution in a tropical soil
Petráňová, Veronika ; Ettler, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Kříbek, Bohdan (referee)
In a laboratory pot experiment we investigated a time-dependent release of contaminants from smelter dusts into the soil water and soil. In the experiment we used smelter dusts from two different Cu smelters located in Copperbelt in Zambia (Mufulira and Chambishi). Experimental bags with 0.5 g of dust were placed into pots with 200 g of uncontaminated tropical soil (oxisol) and studied in a time frame of 504 h. Pots were irrigated by deionised water and maintained at the 80 % water holding capacity (WHC). Ten samplings of pore water were performed using the Rhizon pore water samplers. In soil waters, the major released contaminants were Cu, Co and Zn. Concentrations of Cu and Co in soil waters C (from soil with the dust from Chambishi) and M (from soil with the dust from Mufulira) increased during first 48 and 216 h, while concentration of Zn reached highest value in soil waters C and M in 24 and 144 h. This trend has not been observed for Pb, which was released in small amounts and obviously bound to soil constituents. Together with metals, sulfates were highly released into soil waters and affected the speciation of metals (formation of sulfate complexes). Compared to mass loss of the dust from Chambishi with low value (8%), the mass loss of dust from Mufulira after pot experiment were...
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