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Comparative Analysis of the Influence of Multifunctional and Conventional Farming on the Development of Rural Areas
Kólová, Anna ; Kuchtová, Perla (advisor) ; Martina, Martina (referee)
Conventional agriculture is known for industry approaches to agriculture production.
This has led not only to a positive increase in productivity per unit area and ensured greater
food security (and recently self sufficiency), but on the other hand it also increased farmers
dependence on industrial inputs. Among the major drawbacks of the prevailing method
belongs simplified management technology, which is reflected in the increasing problems
with resistance of diseases and pests as well as the increasing environmental pollution and
disruption of the food chain. These approaches also alternate the country, which loses its
character of a place friendly to life.
Multifunctional agriculture can be seen on the other hand as an alternative agriculture.
It has many forms and often has much in common with organic farming. It is focused on other
areas than the maximum of market and food production. It is engaged in various activities,
which include tourism, leisure activities, crafts and other services, protection of cultural
heritage as well as the environment. It has a positive effect on the entire rural development
and often tries to produce safe regional food and protection of nature-friendly sustainable
management. Even this system, however, has its drawbacks.
The aim of the study was to assess and evaluate the impact of different approaches to
market farm production, environmental issues, sustainability of agricultural systems and
multifunction applications with regard to their effects on rural areas. Additional terms of the
coexistence of agricultural enterprises in the Czech Republic were defined.
By comparing two different businesses operating on the background of historical facts,
it was found that companies with different approaches can in the region and in the Czech
Republic not only coexist, but complement each other and at the same time be beneficial not
only for the agriculture. However, there were outlined possible changes which should
agricultural sector and the enterprises themselves go through in order to achieve sustainability
of all functions of the landscape. This is mainly to support alternative farming systems as a
suitable complement to conventional agriculture.
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