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New modified method of neonatal cleft lip surgery
Borský, Jiří ; Peterka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Jirásek, Jan Evangelista (referee) ; Měšťák, Jan (referee)
2 2. Abstract Cleft palate is one of the most frequent congenital malformations. The complexity of these conditions requires surgical treatment in several stages. The first stage includes reconstruction of the nose and the lip, and timing is either shortly after birth, or, in about two thirds of centers worldwide this surgery is performed at the age of 3 months. The next stage, palate defect repair, is timed at around 9 months of age, and the final reconstruction of the maxilla is done based on the permanent canine eruption at about 8 years of age. The main objective of our study was to estimate the pros and cons of early surgical approach after introducing a novel modified surgical protocol versus the conventional surgical protocol. The 5 main findings include: 1. A novel surgical procedure to repair neonatal cleft lip was developed, incorporating modification of Tennison protocol by adding flaps acquired from the margins of the cleft. An important contribution is a shorter time both under anesthesia and in the theatre, and resulting reduction of hospital stay from 7-8 days down to 3-4 days. 2. We have compared the biochemical parameters of the surgical wound healing - matrix metaloproteases (MMP) and their inhibitors (TIMP) in the group of children having surgery early in neonatal age and in children...
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Study of the Function of Reproductive Barriers for Use in Vivo and in Vitro Models
Pospěchová, Kateřina ; Semecký, Vladimír (advisor) ; Jirásek, Jan Evangelista (referee) ; Stingl, Josef (referee)
Summary: The main limiting factor of distribution of the drugs in the body is the presence of physiological barriers. Placental and blood-testis-barrier are two barriers that were studied in this thesis. The placenta is an important endocrine organ bringing maternal and fetal blood into proximity, allowing exchange of nutrients and waste products. In addition, the placenta acts as the barrier between the mother and fetus, and plays an important role in fetal protection. The key rate-limiting layer in the placenta is the single layer of syncytiotrophoblast. The placental trophoblast contains multiple drug transporters and metabolizing enzymes that control maternofetal exchange of nutrients and hormones, or which form placental "metabolic" barrier. Moreover, several members of the nuclear receptor superfamily are expressed in placental trophoblasts. They regulate transcription of the genes involved in nutrient transport, mineral metabolism, proliferation and differentiation. Moreover it was suggested that they control expression of placental drug transporters and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Germ cells in the testis are protected mainly by the presence of blood testis barrier, formed by the tight or adherens junctions between Sertoli cells. Moreover, intercellular junctions between Sertoli and germ cells...
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