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Studies on Antimicrobial Resistance in Pathogenic Bacteria
Jelínková, Pavlína
Bacterial infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms are classified among one of the major global health problems. In recent decades, bacterial resistance to antimicrobials has been seen as a major problem in the human and veterinary fields. The dissertation thesis is focused on the development and evaluation of the biological activity of antimicrobial agents, followed by describing the mechanism of antibiotic resistance from a molecularly microbiologically aspects. In the experimental part the nanomaterials, antimicrobial peptides, antibiotics and also the composites from these materials have been used for development of new antimicrobial agents and subsequently tested for their inhibitory effect on bacterial growth. The synthesized antimicrobials were physically and chemically characterized and their biological activity was established by basic microbiological and molecular methods. The results show that the produced composites can overcome existing drug resistance mechanisms, show excellent biocompatibility, and can be used in clinical practice in the future.
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Výkrm kohoutků nosného typu
Jelínková, Pavlína
The aim of the diploma thesis is the fattening of the layer males hybrid combinations type Dominant. It is very unethical that the layer males are put to death immediately after hatching and regarded as a waste in most countries with advanced the poultry industry. One of the options how to prevent this putting to death is to use alternative forms of fattening. An experiment was conducted within the scope of the diploma thesis. 200 pieces of cockerels 4 hybrid combinations were fattened during the experiment. The cockerels were fattened on a litter as well as in cages untill the ages of 12 weeks. The life weight and feed conversion were located by cockerels until the age of 12 weeks by the layer males during fattening. In the age of 12 and 18 weeks the live weight, carcass weight, carcass value, the percentage yield of breast muscle and yield leg muscle of the carcass and the percentage of the heart, liver and thigh bones from the carcass were determined. The dry matter content, fat content, and also the colour of L *, a * and b * from breast and thigh muscle were evaluated. Regardless of the hybrid combination the life weight was always higher by cockerels housed on a litter. The feed conversion by hybrids in cages was not demonstrably different, but the conversion by the hybrid housed on litter in the hybrid D - 109 was lower than by other hybrid types. The highest conversion during the whole fattening period was measured by the hybrid D -- 459. The hybrid combination had a statistically demonstrative influence (P < 0,05) on the slaughter value in each of the ages. The fat content of breast and thigh meat increased by all hybrid combinations with the age.
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