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Characteristics and age of the trees with exceptional epiphytic lichens in forest stands in traditionally inhabited landscape: case study in Nature reservation Týřov
Minářová, Ludmila ; Hofmeister, Jan (advisor) ; Halda, Josef (referee)
In order to conserve the species richness of epiphytic lichens in Central Europe, it is necessary to understand the environmental conditions that especially rare lichen species with a narrower ecological niche or limited dispersal capacity require. The aim of this thesis was to assess the importance of age of different tree species and related factors such as bark pH and bark coarseness for rare epiphytic lichen species. To include the largest possible range of potentially significant explanatory variables, light conditions and the area of the reserve surrounding the given tree were also examined. Data were collected at the Týřov National Nature Reserve site, which was described in the research of Vondrák et al. (2022) as a unique hotspot of lichen biodiversity, as they found 787 species of lichens and related taxa there. The research sample consisted of 55 trees of five species (Acer platanoides, Carpinus betulus, Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus petraea) that were inventoried in the research by Vondrák et al. (2022) and belonged to moderately to exceptionally rich in rare lichen species. The rarity of lichens was assessed according to the Red List of Lichens of the Czech Republic (Liška & Palice, 2010). Dendrochronological analysis was used to determine the age of the included trees....
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Lichenometry as a method and its relevance
Pelant, Filip ; Svoboda, David (advisor) ; Halda, Josef (referee)
Lichenometry is a constantly developing method (or set of methods) of relative and absolute dating of geological and anthropogenic formations, based on analysis of crustose lichens. It operates with an assumption that the larger the thallus is, the older the lichen is. But the relation between size and age (known as "growth rate") is far from being linear, and lichenometry has long attempted to find a way of describing this relation properly and universally. For this purpose, lichenometry uses direct and indirect methods - by repeated measurements of the same lichen individuals over time, or by comparison to individuals growing on substrates of known age (e.g. by using radiocarbon method). There is an ongoing controversy about aging and age calibration since the inception of the lichenometry field, but especially in this century. Strong criticism has been expressed about lichenometry, questioning the very principles of the method and consequently undermining all the results of lichenometry so far. The goal of the present bachelor thesis is to present the method with its approaches and to address the criticism. At the same time I aim to highlight recent trends in the field that seek to improve the methods toward more reliable lichenometric dating, and to encourage the use of the methods as so...
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Lichens: Lichenological study of Károvské údolí valley. Lichens in the educational system; model practical exercise for grade school and college
Fessová, Alena ; Svoboda, David (advisor) ; Halda, Josef (referee)
7 SUMMARY This thesis is divided into two separate portions. The first part covers my own lichen floristic exploration of the Károvské údolí locality stretching out along the southern limits of Prague near Zbraslav. The location is formed by relatively steep slopes with orientation to North and South. Natural conditions are characterised by communities of xerothermic steppes and oak groves with alder clumps and hornbeams prevailing in lower parts along the Károvský potok stream. Geologically, the parent rock consists of shale rocks of acid chemical composition. Duting my search, I recorded 116 lichen species. Among them, saxicolous and terricolous lichens characteristic of acid rock outcrops and xerotherm steppes prevail. During exploration, I found also the critically endangered (CR) species Peltigera elisabethae, endangered species (EN) Flavoparmelia caperata and representatives of the genus Verrucaria, tolerant of long-term freshwater flooding - V. cf. andesiatica, V. aquatilis and V. funckii. One of species discovered, Pertusaria flavicans, has not been recorded in the Czech Republic todate. This locality is home to a summer house resort which has expanded the list of lichens by basophilic species which inhabit anthropogenic substrata. My master thesis is the first thorough research of the lichen flora...
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Dlouhodobá péče o sochařská díla a díla uměleckých řemesel z kamene v krajině
Novotný, Jiří ; Lesniaková, Petra ; Halda, Josef ; Kaše, Jiří ; Kotlík, Petr ; Štaffen, Zdeněk
Předkládaná metodika byla vytvářena v letech 2012-2015 v rámci řešení projektu NAKI č. 27 vedeného pod názvem „Dlouhodobá péče o sochařská díla a díla uměleckých řemesel z kamene v krajině“ financovaného MK ČR. Podkladem pro vypracování této metodiky je mnohaletá restaurátorská a pedagogická činnost doc.Jiřího Novotného akad. soch. na FR a na řadě významných památek, mezi nimiž sochařská výtvarná a architektonická díla zhotovená z kamene, zvláště z pískovce, zaujímají významné místo.
Na tvorbě metodiky se podílel kolektiv odborníků složený z různých oborů participujících na péči o památky: P. Lesniaková, R. Tišlová, P. Dvořák, J. Halda, J. Kaše, P. Kotlík, Z. Staffen. Metodika se na interdisciplinárním základě zabývá postupy, které se v rámci dlouhodobé péče podílejí na poučené přípravě prací na památkách - sochařských a uměleckořemeslných dílech z kamene. Metodiku, která může být základem pro systematické poznání aktuálního stavu památek v jejich historické zprostředkovanosti, které lze využít při identifikaci díla, popisu a zhodnocení závad a postižení možných příčin, jejich vzniku. Získané údaje následně slouží zpracování materiálů pro posouzení přípravy prací na památce, zpracování plánů dlouhodobé péče, přípravy podkladů pro přípravu restaurátorských záměrů a vč. jejich základní koncepce. V metodice je vytvořen systém po sobě jdoucích kroků směřujících k hlubšímu poznání materiálové i výtvarné struktury památky a postižení jejich současných i možných budoucích významů pro nás.
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