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Personality differences in individuals of various sexual orientations
Fořt, Jakub ; Havlíček, Jan (advisor) ; Procházka, Ivo (referee)
The previous research identified a range of personality differences between men and women of various sexual orientations. Non-heterosexual individuals systematically show higher gender nonconformity and greater openness to experience than heterosexual individuals. Non-heterosexual men also show higher levels of neuroticism compared to heterosexual men. The main aim of this study is to replicate previous findings regarding personality differences. The study further aims to determine whether some of the observed differences in personality factors might be explained by differences in gender nonconformity among individuals of various sexual orientations. Via an online survey, a short version of the Big Five Inventory (BFI-10) and a number of scales measuring gender nonconformity were administered to men (N = 3,418) and women (N = 4,690). In total, 232 individuals identified as asexual, 1,814 as bisexual, 3,024 as heterosexual, 2,468 as homosexual, and 570 as pansexual. Our results demonstrate higher gender nonconformity among non-heterosexual men and women, higher neuroticism among non-heterosexual men, and greater openness to experience among bisexual men and women compared to heterosexual individuals. Asexual women showed lower levels of extraversion than women of other sexual orientations. Gender...
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Evolutionary theories of homosexuality
Fořt, Jakub ; Kaňková, Šárka (advisor) ; Štěrbová, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis deals with male homosexuality from an evolutionary viewpoint. In the first part, it provides a review of knowledge about the genetic and immunological origin of male homosexuality, this consequently serves as a theoretical base for the main part of the thesis. Regarding the fact that homosexuals leave less offspring than heterosexuals do, it is appropriate to raise a question by which mechanism is male homosexuality maintained in population and what could eventually be its evolutionary role. The thesis summarizes five most influential theories which were constructed in a purpose to answer this question. The thesis also posits and critically evaluates results of empirical research that support particular theories or give evidence against them.
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Review of contemporary theories of emotions
Fořt, Jakub ; Novák, Ondřej (advisor) ; Lukavský, Jiří (referee)
This thesis deals with four contemporary theoretical approaches to emotion. It uncovers differences and similarities in understanding emotion successively according to basic emotion theory, appraisal theories, theory of psychological construction and theory of social construction. The thesis introduces views of key authors and results of empirical research that show support for individual theories. The introduced theories and empirical evidence are also critically assessed in the thesis. Apart from continuous evaluation of specific differences and similarities, the thesis includes a separate chapter that compares theories to each other. It is argued here that each one of the theories views emotion from a different perspective and investigates it on a distinct level of analysis. Each theory therefore holds a valued source of knowledge and ideas for the study of emotion. The proposed research aims to investigate the possibility of influence of learning mechanisms over emotion formation during cognitive development.
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Evolutionary theories of homosexuality
Fořt, Jakub ; Kaňková, Šárka (advisor) ; Štěrbová, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis deals with male homosexuality from an evolutionary viewpoint. In the first part, it provides a review of knowledge about the genetic and immunological origin of male homosexuality, this consequently serves as a theoretical base for the main part of the thesis. Regarding the fact that homosexuals leave less offspring than heterosexuals do, it is appropriate to raise a question by which mechanism is male homosexuality maintained in population and what could eventually be its evolutionary role. The thesis summarizes five most influential theories which were constructed in a purpose to answer this question. The thesis also posits and critically evaluates results of empirical research that support particular theories or give evidence against them.
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