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Flow and diffusion characteristics inside the urban area
Chaloupecká, Hana ; Jaňour, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Brechler, Josef (referee)
Title: Flow and diffusion characteristics inside the urban area Author: Hana Chaloupecká Department: Department of meteorology and enviroment protection Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Zbyněk Jaňour, DrSc., IT AS CR, v. v. i. Supervisor's e - mail: janour@it.cas.cz Abstract: Uniqueness of different towns, consists of various shapes of buildings. The main topic of this work is to compare concentration diffusion within groups of buildings of various types. We pursued houses made of single blocks of two different lengths - they were placed parallel or in courtyards. For research of pollution diffusion within the housing estates a method of physical modelling has been used. For this purpose we summarized a theory of atmospheric boundary layer and physical modelling at first. Then we pursued experiments. Measuring took place in a model in scale 1 : 300 inside an aerodynamic wind tunnel of the Institute of Thermomechanics AS in Nový Knín. We checked out the requirements placed on similarity of the real boundary layer and boundary layer modelled in the tunnel. By the measuring of concentration in urban areas we weren't watching a plume from the pollution source but we were studying an inversion task. We measured concentrations in two fixed points from different point sources inside the defined areas. A sensitivity of...
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Air Qaulity at Pedestrian Zone: The Role of Urban-Array Three-Dimensionality
Nosek, Štěpán ; Kellnerová, Radka ; Chaloupecká, Hana ; Jakubcová, Michala ; Jaňour, Zbyněk
Air quality at pedestrian level of two different urban arrays for two wind directions was studied experimentally in a wind-tunnel. Both urban arrays were designed according to typical European cities, formed by courtyard-type buildings with pitched roofs. While the first urban array had constant roof height, the second had variable roof height along all walls. The pollution was simulated by means of ground-level line source in the middle of the urban arrays. The concentrations were measured by a flame ionization detector at horizontal planes at the pedestrian level within the streets and courtyards at the vicinity of the line source. Results of the time and spatial averaged concentration reveal that both wind direction and three-dimensionality of the urban morphology are important parameters influencing the air quality at the pedestrian zones within the urban areas.
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Wind tunnel study of dispersion in different urban area configurations
Chaloupecká, Hana ; Jurčáková, Klára ; Kellnerová, Radka ; Kukačka, Libor ; Jaňour, Zbyněk
The object of this study is modelling of pollution dispersion in a wind tunnel. We’ve used the inverse method of modelling to this.That means a given location of detector of pollution and a net of points where we placed one by one a point source. We’ve studied this probem for different set-ups of buildings and approach flow directions. A sensitivity of concentration diffusion upon on the type of set-up of buildings and approach flow direction has been demonstrated from the results of experiment. The best se-up of buildings due to the measurement of concentration in two fixed points has been found.
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