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Preventive effects of folic acid in nutrition
Chalánková, Veronika ; Bušová, Milena (advisor) ; Tláskal, Petr (referee)
This thesis is focused on folic acid and its preventive effects on human health. Folic acid has many important functions in the human body and is especially important during pregnancy. It is essential for the proper development of the fetus and its adequate intake is the prevention of serious congenital malformations, such as neural tube defects, premature birth, abortion and other pathologies. The increased need for this vitamin is not easy to supplement with a regular diet. It is therefore recommended to take it in the form of food supplements (400-600 µg/day) during pregnancy and at least one month before the planned conception. For these reasons, it is necessary to focus on supporting the primary prevention of folic acid use, preferably in all fertile women. Folic acid also plays a crucial role in hematopoiesis and the main manifestation of its deficiency is megaloblastic anemia. Folic acid is further associated with the prevention of cardiovascular and cancer diseases and influencing the development of cognitive functions. The practical part of this thesis was focused on monitoring the saturation of pregnant women with this vitamin. The work contains a laboratory analysis of the content of the metabolite folic acid 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) in the urine of pregnant women in order to...
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The nutritional importance of legumes in human diet
Chalánková, Veronika ; Bušová, Milena (advisor) ; Dostálová, Jana (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis is focused on the nutritional importance of different kinds of legumes, their favorable and unfavorable nutritional properties and their effects on the human organism. Legumes (or pulses) are a very valuable food because of the content of many nutritionally important substances and are clearly a part of healthy diet. They are the most important plant source of protein and fiber and are classified as foods with a low glycemic index. Consumption of legumes is not too high among ordinary population. Doubts about legumes can be caused by the content of so-called antinutrients, which, for example, reduce the use of nutrients and may cause digestive problems. However, these substances can be eliminated by appropriate treatment. In addition, they are biologically active substances that also exhibit positive effects on human health, especially antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic, and thus can play a role in the prevention of both tumor and metabolic diseases. Nowadays they are still the subject of research. The practical part of this thesis includes a field survey of the offer of legumes and products with their contents in stores. The range of these products is very rich nowadays and greatly simplifies including legumes into diet. However, the consumers must be careful about the...
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