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Hybrid laser-MIG/MAG welding at ISI
Mrňa, Libor ; Novotný, Jan ; Šebestová, Hana ; Znášik, Samuel ; Gross, Jan ; Harašta, Jiří
Laser welds usually suffer from underfill defects because the welding is usually made without a filler wire. During the hybrid laser-MIG/MAG welding, the laser beam forms the melt pool, and the arc simultaneously delivers melted filler wire. The synergic interaction of both heat sources allows deeper penetration while the weld face is sufficiently filled and has the prescribed geometry. This contribution reports the issues of individual systems integration and presents already-made experiments.
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Beam oscillations for modification of fatique properties of laser welds
Šebestová, Hana ; Jambor, Michal ; Mrňa, Libor
The application of suitable beam oscillating parameters reduces root notches of laser welds. Beam oscillation welds reach better fatigue properties compared to conventional laser weld, even though the notches are not reduced. The welds made with linear oscillation have the highest number of cycles to fracture in the high-cycle region. However, the root notches are not eliminated in these welds because of high values of current heat input on weld peripheries. The experienced thermal cycles must be also considered. They can induce microstructural transformations and change the distribution and magnitude of residual stresses, which are the additional factors influencing the fatigue lifetime of a weld joint.
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Microstructure modifications of Al-Si-coated press-hardened steel 22MnB5 by laser welding
Šebestová, Hana ; Horník, Petr ; Mika, Filip ; Mikmeková, Šárka ; Ambrož, Ondřej ; Mrňa, Libor
Weld microstructure depends on the characteristics of welded materials and parameters of welding technology, especially on the heat input that determines the peak temperature and the cooling rate. When the coated sheets are welded, the effect of the chemical composition of the coating must be also considered even though its thickness is only a few tens of microns. During 22MnB5+AlSi laser welding experiments, the ferrite-stabilizing elements of coating modified the weld metal microstructure. Ferrite appeared in a quenched weld metal. The rapid cooling rate accompanying welding with a focused beam limited the homogenization of the weld metal which resulted in the formation of ferritic bands in the regions rich in Si and especially in Al. On the other hand, a high level of homogenization was reached when welding with the defocused beam. The ferritic islands uniformly distributed in the weld metal were formed at 0.4 wt% and 1.6 wt% of Si and Al, respectively. The doubled heat input reduced the Al content to 0.7 wt% insufficient for the ferrite formation at still relatively high cooling rates. Predicting the distribution of ferrite in the weld metal is challenging due to its dependence on various factors, such as cooling rate and the volume of dissolved coating, which may vary with any modifications made to the welding parameters.
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Laser welding with beam oscillation
Šebestová, Hana ; Horník, Petr ; Novotný, Jan ; Mrňa, Libor
Laser welding with beam oscillation (wobbling) usually leads to the reduction of penetration depth caused by transition from keyhole to conduction mode welding. Based on the distribution of power density in transversal direction (within the oscillation diameter), the approximate shape of weld cross-section can be predicted without the need to calculate heat conduction in the material. Deep penetration can also be achieved when a suitable combination of oscillation mode and its parameters is applied.
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