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Punctuation and Text Structuring in Old Czech Bible Manuscripts
Pečírková, Jaroslava ; Kreisingerová, Hana ; Pytlíková, Markéta
This article presents a survey of the use of punctuation in Old Czech Bible manuscripts from the 14th and 15th century. The results of the research show that punctuation in the Old Czech Bible manuscripts is similar to punctuation of contemporary Latin Bible manuscripts, generally marking the same parts of the text. It is based on a pausal principle and tends to indicate higher text units (periodi) using capital letters. The oldest Czech Bible manuscript (Bible drážďanská, ca. 1360) uses punctuation to point out periodi in the first place; sometimes it indicates also cola (sentences within a perioda). Commata (parts of the sentence) are indicated by punctuation very rarely. In younger Czech Bible manuscripts (Bible olomoucká, 1417; Bible litoměřicko-třeboňská, 1414) quantity of punctuation increases. Periodi are mostly indicated in the same way and amount as in Bible drážďanská, but punctuation is used more frequently to point out cola and commata, especially in Bible litoměřicko-třeboňská.
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Orthographic Particularities of the Holograph Record of Cesta z Čech do Jeruzaléma a Egypta by Martin Kabátník
Vajdlová, Miloslava
Cesta z Čech do Jeruzaléma a Egypta r. 1491–1492 by Martin Kabátník along with Deník panoše Jaroslava is the oldest original book of travels written in Czech. Its original record, the handwriting saved with a signature O 35 in Prague’s Castle Archive, is written in early digraphic orthography; partially, the scrivener uses also diacritical marks and tries to establish marking of soft/unmarked consonants. Quantity is marked only in case of terminal e. The same phenomenona as well as words are written differently – during his record, the scrivener works very unsystematically. On the whole, the handwriting is an unrepresentative record of the dictated text intended more for remark than for another spreading of the written information.
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Quantity as a Semantic Differential Factor in Medieval Legal Text
Jamborová, Martina
The article focuses on graphical aspects of Old Czech nouns město (in the sense of civitas) and miesto (in the sense of locus) in the Czech translation of collection of finds from Brno and Jihlava (2nd half of the 15th century). With words of equal origin, such as město and miesto, quantity functions as a semantic differential factor. The importance of its explicit written record becomes more apparent with the increasing independence of the words in question as independent semantic units in a given period of time. A legal manuscript is in this respect specific in the way that words equal or very similar in their form but different in their meaning enter here in contexts where their semantic differentiation becomes crucial for an adequate reception of the text.
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Specific Features of the Orthography in the Dictionary of Clementinum (1455)
Voleková, Kateřina
The paper focuses on the orthographical form of the Latin-Czech Dictionary of Clementinum from the middle of the 15th century. The orthographical form is determined by subjective and objective factors: the scribe’s orthographical habits and the specific characteristics of the dictionary text, including the bilingualism of the text and the brief record, consisting of subject words in the dictionary.
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Orthographical Specialities in Old Czech Postilla Based on Legends
Janosik-Bielski, Marek
KázLeg or Old Czech Postill Based On Legends is a very interesting text with many formal traits that are largely evident in the form of spelling. Thanks to its form and purpose, and anticipated heavy usage, perhaps from the fifteenth till the sixteenth century, is this collection a unique witness to many changes of language and spelling, which during its creation and active use occurred.
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