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German far-right terrorism
Štekl, Jakub ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
This thesis focuses on the issue of far-right lone-wolf terrorism in Germany. Lone-wolf terrorism - terrorism perpetrated by individuals, who display no ties to terrorist organizations - is a concept, which is skeptically accepted by many scholars. The main issue with this concept is the emphasis of the "lone" part, especially during the preparation and the attack itself. Scholars, who refuse this concept claim, that in every case, the attacker is a member of a larger group - it can be either ideology-based or it can provide material assistance. Furthermore, lone- wolf terrorism is primarily associated with religious terrorism, probably because of the activities of Islamic state in recent years. However, this thesis approaches lone-wolf terrorism as relevant concept, which refers to a security threat, that is represented by radicalized and hard- to-detect individuals. The thesis focuses on three cases of far-right terrorism in Germany, which were committed by an attacker, that operated alone - Munich shooting (July 2016), Halle synagogue attack (October 2019), and Hanau shooting (February 2020). German society provided significant space for radicalization and spread of far-right ideology, especially because of its friendly politics after the outbreak of refugee crisis. Regarding the cases, the main...
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Demise and Disintegration of Nationalist Terrorist Groups
Štekl, Jakub ; Bureš, Oldřich (advisor) ; Kocmanová, Markéta (referee)
The thesis is focused on the process of demise and disintegration of nationalist terrorist groups. The case studies of terrorism in Northern Ireland and Basque region in Spain demonstrate and analyze the development of local terrorist organizations from the beginning to the cessation of violent actions. An emphasis is put especially on the end of armed campaign and transformation of nationalist activities within a legal framework. In the case of Northern Ireland, the focus is put on the activities of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) from the beginning of the Troubles to the Belfast Agreement in 1998. The research in this thesis includes the influence of affiliated political parties - Sinn Féin in this case - on the process of negotiations and the continuation of Northern Irish nationalism after the end of armed campaign. The Basque case is devoted to the development of Basque nationalism since the beginning of the 20th century, the creation and development of Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) and its terrorist campaign within both the Francoist regime and Spanish democracy. An emphasis is put on the development of the organization until its official dissolution in 2018, activities of the political parties of the Nationalist Left affiliated to ETA and the attitude of Spanish authorities to...
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International activities of Youth workers
Štekl, Jakub ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Prokůpková, Vendula (referee)
The Workers' Youth (DM) is called a political youth organization united with the Workers' Party of Social Justice. It is opened for the Workers' Party supporters aged between 15 a 35. The members of (DM) can fulfill more easily due to lack of focus given to the activities of political youth organizations in the Czech Republic as they are often pushed away from politicking under the patronage of their home political parties. However, DM is regularly initiating riots, protests and marches in many czech cities. For DM, as an organization fully connected and patroned by the Workers' Party, is difficult to aggregate a sufficient number of supporters for their events, in order to maintain required attention. Due to limited resources of citizen willing to join - caused by so typical partition of the far-right parties - DM has to approach similar organizations abroad. After that, they actively support their new "friends" by participating on marches in foreign cities and vice versa. The main objective is to describe and analyse forms of cooperation between DM and similar foreign politcal youth organisations, especially in Europe. This thesis aims to show the forms and mechanisms and eventually assess the efficiency of this kind of cooperation based on several criteria such as changes in public opinion,...
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