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The influence of selected factors on the method of childbirth and perineal lacerations
Jančíková, Barbora ; Dvořák, Jan (advisor) ; Šimják, Patrik (referee)
This bachelor's thesis describes if selected factors influence the method of childbirth and injuries during childbirth. These factors are the mother's BMI before pregnancy, the number of births to date, mother's age and the weight of the fetus. The data in the practical part are collected from the NIS MEDEA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1st Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Apolinářská 18, Prague 2, Czech Republic. The theoretical part of the work focuses on the general anatomy of the female pelvis, and describes the types of perineal lacerations and surgical vaginal births and their risks. Key words: labour, pregnancy, perineal lacerations, cesarian section, operational vaginal birth, pelvic anatomy, pelvic floor
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The influence of gestational diabetes mellitus on managememt and course of labour
Martináková, Kristýna ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Šimják, Patrik (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with gestational diabetes and its influence on the management and course of labour and early neonatal adaptation. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common perinatal complications that poses risks to both mother and fetus. The fetus is particularly at risk for diabetic fetopathy with macrosomia, which can be a complication during the labour. Depending on the compensation of diabetes and the birth weight of the baby, the mother is at risk of more severe birth injuries. The aim of this study was to determine whether gestational diabetes has an effect on the management and course of labour compared to women without diabetes. We also attempted to clarify whether mothers with gestational diabetes suffer more extensive perineal lacerations, whether the average birth weight of newborns of mothers with GDM is higher, and whether GDM is associated with poorer postpartum adaptation. These objectives were complemented by 3 hypotheses that helped to meet the stated objectives. The research part of the study consisted in retrospective collection of patient data from the MEDEA system at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, First Medical Faculty of Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague. The data were collected from November 2021 to...
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Placental transfusion in extremely immature newborns.
Primaková, Barbora ; Lamberská, Tereza (advisor) ; Šimják, Patrik (referee)
The bachelor thesis presents the current topic of placental transfusion in extremely premature newborns. The main aim of the thesis is to introduce a unique method of stabilising extremely premature newborns on the intact umbilical cord to the Czech professional public. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The first chapters show a brief overview of the extremely premature newborns' transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life. The following section presents currently used methods of placental transfusion, with particular emphasis on placental transfusion methods used for extremely preterm newborns. In the practical part are discussed the case reports of extremely premature newborns who were stabilised on the intact umbilical cord. Key words: Extremely premature newborn, Placental transfusion, Delayed cord clamping, Umbilical cord milking, Stabilisation on the intact ublilical cord
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Womenś awareness of methods of assisted reproduction in the Czech Republic
Dolejšková, Michaela ; Černý, Andrej (advisor) ; Šimják, Patrik (referee)
The theme of my thesis is women's awareness about the methods of assisted reproduction in the Czech Republic. The work is devided into a theoretical part and practical part. In the theoretical part I deal with the physiology of reproductive organs of women and men, further I describe the term infertility and its causes. In the following chapters I focus on the process of finding a specialist, subsequent examinations and possible methods of assisted reproduction. In the practical part I examine the awareness of women in this area. As a data source I use an anonymous quantitative questionnaire, shared on social networks, filled in by women of different ages. 193 women completed the questionnaire. I made several hypotheses, which I confirmed or refuted thanks to the answers. Research has confirmed the hypothesis that more than half of women know when and to which doctor to address fertility problems. Subsequently, the second hypothesis was confirmed-most women know at least some of the risk factors affecting fertility. Furthermore, I assumed that most women are aware of the importance of age in the pursuit of conception. Although I confirmed the hypothesis thanks to a questionnaire survey, but not every woman knows how low the age at which fertility reduction begins to manifest. I refute the...
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Gestational diabetes mellitus - influence on the course of labor induction
Janů, Lucie ; Šimják, Patrik (advisor) ; Čábela, Radek (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with gestational diabetes mellitus and its influence on the course of induction of labor. Gestational diabetes is a disorder of glucose metabolism occurring during pregnancy that disappears spontaneously in the puerperium. It has a fundamental influence on childbirth and increases the risk of numerous obstetric complications. In many women who suffer from gestational diabetes, it is necessary to induce labor from various indications. It is a preventive method using artificial induction of uterine activity to terminate the pregnancy if its continuation increases the risk of possible damage to the mother or the fetus. The study aimed to determine whether GDM affects the course of labor induction compared to women to whom labor was induced from other indications. We intended to find out whether GDM affects the perinatal and neonatal results of labor induction. We also set 12 hypotheses that helped us to fulfill the goals of our work. The research part of the work was retrospective and examined the labor induction in women performed at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague between December 2019 and January 2021. We obtained the data to monitor the course and results of labor...
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Identification of biomarkers involved in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Šimják, Patrik ; Pařízek, Antonín (advisor) ; Karásek, David (referee) ; Novotný, Zdeněk (referee)
Identification of biomarkers involved in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus ABSTRACT Gestational diabetes mellitus is a disorder of glucose metabolism that occurs in pregnancy and resolves after delivery. Increasing production of pregnancy-related hormones leads to insulin resistance which is not adequately compensated by increased insulin secretion. Since obesity is an important risk factor for gestational diabetes and is also associated with adipose tissue dysfunction and increased peripheral insulin resistance, the question arises as to what extent is the adipose tissue involved in the development of gestational diabetes. The first part of the thesis focuses on the identification of changes in plasma concentration and mRNA expression of adipokines fetuin A, fetuin B and FGF21. In our study we did not show that the presence of gestational diabetes significantly influenced the plasma concentration of fetuin A, fetuin B and FGF21 during pregnancy. An important finding was that women who had pregnancy complicated with gestational diabetes had a significantly higher concentration of FGF21 several months after delivery in comparison to healthy pregnant women. We have been able to demonstrate the production of fetuin A in the placenta and fetuin B in perineal and subcutaneous tissue. However,...
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Womenś awareness of methods of assisted reproduction in the Czech Republic
Dolejšková, Michaela ; Černý, Andrej (advisor) ; Šimják, Patrik (referee)
The theme of my thesis is women's awareness about the methods of assisted reproduction in the Czech Republic. The work is devided into a theoretical part and practical part. In the theoretical part I deal with the physiology of reproductive organs of women and men, further I describe the term infertility and its causes. In the following chapters I focus on the process of finding a specialist, subsequent examinations and possible methods of assisted reproduction. In the practical part I examine the awareness of women in this area. As a data source I use an anonymous quantitative questionnaire, shared on social networks, filled in by women of different ages. 193 women completed the questionnaire. I made several hypotheses, which I confirmed or refuted thanks to the answers. Research has confirmed the hypothesis that more than half of women know when and to which doctor to address fertility problems. Subsequently, the second hypothesis was confirmed-most women know at least some of the risk factors affecting fertility. Furthermore, I assumed that most women are aware of the importance of age in the pursuit of conception. Although I confirmed the hypothesis thanks to a questionnaire survey, but not every woman knows how low the age at which fertility reduction begins to manifest. I refute the...
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Effect of epidural analgesia on duration of the first and second stages of labour.
Kuklová, Dagmar ; Pařízek, Antonín (advisor) ; Šimják, Patrik (referee)
Effect of Epidural Analgesia on Duration of the First and Second Stages of Labour Abstract: This bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of epidural analgesia. Nowadays, epidural analgesia is considered to be the most effective method of relieving labour pain. The thesis is both theoretical and practical. The aim of the theoretical part is to summarize knowledge about labour pain and the methods of relieving it. The thesis offers a comprehensive review of both non-pharmacological and pharmacological techniques. The method of epidural analgesia is described in more detail. The thesis describes the indications and contraindications of administering epidural analgesia. It also studies it's impact on the course of labour. The practical part of this thesis consists of results of a prospective study concerning epidural analgesia. A group of women with administered epidural analgesia during labour were compared to a group of women without administration of epidural analgesia. Then it was looked at whether this method of analgesia has any effect on the length of the first and second stages of labour. It was ascertained by statistical methods that epidural analgesia has no effect on the duration of the first and second stages of labour. Keywords: Epidural Analgesia, Labour, Childbirth, Delivery, Parturition, First...
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Placental transfusion in extremely immature newborns.
Primaková, Barbora ; Lamberská, Tereza (advisor) ; Šimják, Patrik (referee)
The bachelor thesis presents the current topic of placental transfusion in extremely premature newborns. The main aim of the thesis is to introduce a unique method of stabilising extremely premature newborns on the intact umbilical cord to the Czech professional public. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The first chapters show a brief overview of the extremely premature newborns' transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life. The following section presents currently used methods of placental transfusion, with particular emphasis on placental transfusion methods used for extremely preterm newborns. In the practical part are discussed the case reports of extremely premature newborns who were stabilised on the intact umbilical cord. Key words: Extremely premature newborn, Placental transfusion, Delayed cord clamping, Umbilical cord milking, Stabilisation on the intact ublilical cord
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