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Modelling of decision-making networks
Šilar, Pavel ; Burian, Jan (advisor) ; Šalamon, Tomáš (referee)
Delegative democracy is a new concept of democratic governance. It is meant as a new system of trust among people. It is derived from principles of direct democracy and presents only minimal form of representation. The voter is not forced to cast his vote directly, but it can be transferred to a delegate. Delegative democracy is based on openness, awareness and trust. It is still only a concept and for real application it has to face rising critics. Main issues are high costs, threat of populism and corruption and overall complexity. Agent-based modelling is chosen to test the validity of delelagative democracy principles. It is suitable for studying social phenomena such as democratic governance. Agent-based models apply a "new kind" of artificial intelligence -- a dynamic system composed of individual and autonomous units -- agents -- which interact within the environment. Universal methodology called Agentology is used to propose a new agent-based model. This methodology is composed of subsequent steps. These steps cover initial analysis, conceptual and technological proposal and development of the model itself. Assessment of delegative democracy principles is achieved with data acquired from the agent-based model. Delegative democracy is less effective for small and cooperative system than direct democracy. If more voters are delegating, this effectiveness decreases even more. This conclusion is based on initial parameters of the model. Delegating voters count is indeed a relevant parameter whereas total voters count is not. The model has its basic predicative value and is open to further elaboration.
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User interface in view of cognitive science
Šilar, Pavel ; Sigmund, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bruckner, Tomáš (referee)
User interfaces of operating systems were often developed according to technological and marketing restrictions. Recently, more emphasis is aimed on the user who uses the operating system. User interfaces, which correspond to user's behavior and expectations, are designed. Cognitive science commits itself in the research of a human mind phenomenon. Its base was used to settle aspects of a human thinking which are related to a user interface and its functionality. It is mainly area of UI design, text elements and functions. Overall model of the user interface was established following recognized conclusions. This model was used to verify, if existing operating systems correspond to findings about the human mind. Correspondence among operating systems and cognitive science was recognized during the comparison of existing operating systems and the created model. Also some insufficiencies were identified, mainly in the area of stereometric design, using of gestalt principles, support of a user's training and involving learning methods of the artificial intelligence. Design of the user interface can be improved in these four areas to ensure better coherency with the human mind.
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