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"It Is a Cyclotron!" Forms and Strategies of the Confrontation Between Opposition and Secret Police in the 70's and 80's.
Hošek, Jakub ; Randák, Jan (advisor) ; Vilímek, Tomáš (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with forms and strategies of interference of Secret police and opposition during 1970s and 1980s. Strategies are monitored both from the side of dissent and Secret police. In the first chapter the opposite manuals for contact with Secret police are introduced. These form basic relationship delimitation of dissent and Secret police from the view of opposition. In the second part of the first chapter the manuals are embedded into wider context of legal consciousness, which represented basic element of mutual interference of these two groups. In the second chapter the strategies and methods of Secret police, which were used in the battle against "the enemy within", are introduced. Besides specific precautions used against dissidents the material and technical superiority of Secret police, which was used in the conflict against opposition, is noticeable. The final chapter represents categorization of strategies and approaches, which were chose by dissidents in contact with Secret police. The categorization originated on the basis of several factors - the character of dissidents, their experience with security authorities but also the activity, which was practised in the framework of opposite environment, belonged among them. Resulting text shows how much the worlds of dissent...
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Economic Criminality in Expert Discussions in 1970s and 1980s Czechoslovakia
Šinkovec, Pavel ; Randák, Jan (advisor) ; Vilímek, Tomáš (referee)
Thesis abstract The thesis deals with expert discussions on economic criminality in Czechoslovakia during the 1970s and 1980s. The first chapter introduces the issue in the macroeconomic and social context and outlines the dual way in which the practice of illegal enrichment was depicted in contemporary film and TV-series production. The second chapter introduces dominant authoritative discourse and its concept of economic crime as a phenomenon alien to the socialist regime. This view has also been reflected in the legislative adjustment, as well as party and government measures to dispose of the undesirable phenomenon. The following third chapter focuses on contemporary criminology science as an expert community, whose primary focus was on analyzing and proposing measures to address various crime-related problems. The institutional integration of the Research Institute of Criminology, the main platform of criminological research in the state, to the Prosecutor General's Office, and the influence of Marxist science on criminological methodology, reflected the authoritative discourse into professional discussions. The content analysis of twenty selected texts of non- public professional provenance shows in several areas the extent to which the influence of ideology was noticeable and, on the contrary, how...
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Everyday Persecution. Secret Police and the Opposition in Czechoslovakia in the 1970s and 1980s.
Hošek, Jakub ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Vilímek, Tomáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with clashing of Secret Police and opposition in Czechoslovakia in the 1970s and 1980s. The aim of this thesis is to plastically take down different forms of this collisions and also strategies, which were chosen by both involved sides and to suggest when creation of personal relations among members of both sides could occur. Submitted thesis bears on sources from the Secret Police provenance, materials and texts, which originated in inside of opposition and interviews with participants as well. All of it is supported by research and quoting of secondary literature. The first part consists of description of strategies, which the Secret Police applied against opposition. The description of how these strategies were projected into lives of opposition members is given in the second part of this thesis. In the third part defence mechanisms, which were created by opposition against repressions from the Secret Police are explained and the fourth part deals with human relations among members of Secret Police and dissidents. Key words: Secret Police, opposition, dissent, Charter 77, everyday life, persecution
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The problems of theft/pilferage/misappropriation and related pathologies in the perestroika period (1986-1989) in the Rudé právo
Bruna, Jaroslav ; Vilímek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
(thefts of socialist property) This diploma thesis observes how the problems of thefts of socialist property in Czechoslovakia were presented in the Rudé právo, the press body of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, between 1986 and 1989, or which discrepancies appeared in this presentation. The view on thefts of socialist property in the terms of law comes before the real core of the thesis - by putting stress on the definition of the socialist property in the Constitution, the given criminal act in the Penal Code, the view of the juristic literature on the social dangerousness of the given action, here represented by the Socialistická zákonnost journal. Afterwards the author focuses on how the problems of thefts (but also that of protection) of socialist property were related to the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (or rather to its officials), top managers and rank and file employees, which he illustrates on particular cases. In the end the author compares the articles of the Rudé právo with some empirical findings - in relation to the survey of the Institute for public opinion poll by the Federal statistical office about the discipline and the check on the workplace, in relation to the statistics about the economic criminal activity mentioned in the German written...
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Political system and socio-economic changes in the GDR: 1958 - 1968
Rudý, Jakub ; Vilímek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Štefek, Martin (referee)
The main aim of the thesis is to compare (by diachronic historical comparison) the basic aspects of political, economic and social development of the German Democratic Republic (GDR), between the years 1958 and 1963 with the overlap to the year 1968. The milestone between the two periods is the building of the Berlin wall in 1961. In this context, the thesis examines to what extent the inner development in the GDR after 1961 can be seen as (non)continual. In other words, the questions asked are, whether we can see the change of the political regime and socio-economic realities in the development of the country after 1961 as a natural continuation of the previous development, even while changing its means and reformulating its goals, but retaining its original character and focus, or if we need to approach the change of the political regime as a diversion from the previous development and as such to approach it as a qualitatively different regime.
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Hegemony struggle according to KSČ
Bruna, Jaroslav ; Vilímek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
(in English) The author tries to describe the transformation of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in relation to itself and the surrounding environment, especially in the period from 17th November to 21st December 1989. He will use primarily the articles from Rudé právo and a stenographic record of the unscheduled session of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia on 24th and 26th November 1989 which was published under the name Poslední hurá. He considers it appropriate to put into context the events of November and December 1989, with political development in Czechoslovakia in January, at the turn of June and July, and in October 1989. This analysis attempt will be based on the principles of general linguistics of Ferdinand de Saussure and discourse theory of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. The combination of hegemonic analysis and deconstruction will be used as a method of workflow. When analyzing the transformation of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, the author attempts to rely primarily on three principles deriving from discourse theory. The identity is not a fixed essence but it is created in the political struggles of the content of specific concepts. There have been attempts to fully fixate the identity of individuals, groups, society. But the identity is...
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Information on Charter 77 (1978-1990)
Suk, Marek ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Vilímek, Tomáš (referee)
This Thesis is focused on the samizdat periodical called Information on Charter 77, which belonged to the important sources of spreading the informations within the dissent and publicizing the key thougts and concepts of Charter 77. The periodical was publishing the Charter documents, communiques of the Comittee for the Defence of the Unjustly Persecuted, brief messages about represion of the normalisation regime, dissident's letters adressed to the state organs, critical reviews and annotations of other samizdat periodicals and books and rarely the reflections on the economy. Topic of the research are personality profiles of the protagonists, functioning of the "independent" editing, preparing and distribution of texts, forming of the distributional net, conspirative milieu (using codes, pseudonyms, conspirative apartments, konfidence etc.), financing and sending abroad.
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Comparison of Status of Displaced German Inhabitans after the World War II. in German Democratic Republic and Federal Republic of Germany
Rajnišová, Jana ; Vilímek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
The thesis "Comparison of Status of Displaced German Inhabitants after the World War II in German Democratic Republic and Federal Republic of Germany" focuses on status of German inhabitants forcedly displaced from Czechoslovakia. In the first part is concerned with the process of transfer itself, its theoretical background and the development of plans of different actors. Next part covers the process of the displacement and the case of problematic numerical expression of scale of the process. The following chapters analyze the status of displaced German inhabitants on the political, economic and social level in Allied occupied Germany as well in the latter both German's republics. The aim is to compare how divided Germany faced the influx of big amount of new inhabitants. Keywords Displacement, Germany, German democratic republic, Federal republic of Germany, Central Europe, Europe after WWII, forced migration, integration
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State Security in 1989
Procházka, Libor ; Vilímek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Štefek, Martin (referee)
Thesis wants to show how well the Czechoslovak secret police was informed about the activities, plans and tactics of the political opposition especially in the year 1989. The main sources for the paper are the authentic records of the State Security as regular situation reports, information on the security situation in the country, inside directives of the secret police, but also some documents of the Communist Party leadership. Text shows which were the most important activities of the independent initiatives in the viewpoint of StB and prove that the security forces of the regime seem to might have had (surprisingly) good information on the opposition initiatives. Paper is also aimed on some functional aspects of the State Security, which did not exist in a political vacuum, but was directly subordinated to the Communist Party. Finally, it describes changes in the organizational structures of StB, particularly linked to the reform in 1988. Key words: State security, year 1989, opposition in Czechoslovakia, Charta 77, Movement for Civic Freedom, Obroda, Democratic initiative
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Opposition in the GDR and its Connection to the Czech Dissent. Mutual Contacts at the Turn of 1970s and 1980s
Procházková, Lenka ; Konrád, Ota (advisor) ; Vilímek, Tomáš (referee)
Bachelor thesis Opposition in the GDR and its Connection to the Czech Dissent. Mutual Contacts at the Turn of 1970s and 1980s offers a new point of view on the oppositional movement in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) at the turn of the 1970s and 1980s, as it is based on the comparison with the oppositional movement in Czechoslovakian Socialistic Republic (CSSR). The work concentrates on the contacts between the representatives of the opposition from both countries and on the possible topics of their cross-border cooperation in the period between the Final Act of the Conference of Security and Cooperation in Europe in 1975 and the election of Mikhail Gorbachev as the leader of the Soviet Union in 1985. Although the traditions of the East German oppositional movement were different to the traditions of the opposition in the CSSR, there were intensive contacts between both groups (usually individual) at the turn of the 1970s and 1980s. One of the crucial topics of the East German oppositional movement was the question of peace. The space for moulding of the independent peace movement (and later also for other civic initiatives) was created under the protection of the East German protestant church, which was the only institution that was independent from the state structures. There was no such...
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