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In-vivo measurement of mechanical properties of biological materials
Čermáková, Viola ; Kuchařová, Monika (advisor) ; Klemera, Petr (referee)
Measurement of mechanical properties of many biological materials in vivo is based on the assumption that they can be considered as a visco-elastic body. This means that their mechanical properties under dynamic loading response partly to viscous and partly to elastic character. The visco-elastic biological materials include skin, blood walls, vessels, bones, tendons etc. Mechanical properties of biological materials depend on the structure of the material from the molecular to the macroscopic level. They also depend on age and health status of the organism. Obtaining of the standard values of mechanical parameters would be potentially useful as an indicators of functional age of organism also to study the influence of external factors (cosmetics, UV radiation) to changing the properties of biological materials and as well in terms of compatibility with artificial materials. To understand the ongoing processes in the skin, which was chosen as a biological material for measurement of mechanical properties in this thesis, the anatomical and physiological characteristic, including biochemical processes taking place in the synthesis of the main building components of the skin are needed to know. Aging of the skin is a complex biological phenomen consisting of two main parts of the so-called intrinsic...
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The impact of deionized water drinking on human health
Mejtská, Jana ; Drastík, Martin (advisor) ; Kuchařová, Monika (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE FAKULTY OF PHARMACY IN HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ DEPARTMENT OF BIOPHYSICS AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY BACHELOR THESIS THE IMPACT OF DEIONIZED WATER DRINKING ON HUMAN HEALTH Supervizor: Ing. MARTIN DRASTÍK, Ph.D. HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ, 2015 JANA MEJTSKÁ Abstrakt EN This bachelor thesis deals with suitability of drinking of deionized water, water deprived of minerals. The first part describes what basically water is and how it is important for each cell. Water helps transport oxygen to cells, transports waste matter and protects joints and organs. Afterwards the division of water into several groups is discussed. Drinking water is indispensable for human body. For that reason this issue is elaborated in the second part. The third part deals with distilled water, its composition and production. The fourth and the fifth parts, are dedicated to the possibilities of elemental analysis in water samples. The impact of deionized water on human health is fleshed out in the sixth part. The reasons why people drink deionized water as a part of their water intake are mentioned in this part, together with description of several studies performed on laboratory animals and volunteers. The seventh part is devoted to essential mineral substances and their crucial role for human body. The consequences of essential...
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: Viscoelasticity of bones - the methodology of measurement
Cihlář, Zdeněk ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (advisor) ; Kuchařová, Monika (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of biophysics and physical chemistry Candidate: Mgr. Zdeněk Cihlář Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Ing. Stanislav Ďoubal, CSc. Title of Thesis: Viscoelasticity of bones - the methodology of measurement The aim of the thesis was to verify the methodology of measuring the viscoelastic parameters of human bones using an apparatus enabling the measurement of dynamic characteristics. The method is based on measurement of deformation response of samples to short or rectangular impulse of force. The samples were obtained from femoral head. The methodology is therefore based on measuring of creep curves and impulse characteristics. Resulting damped oscillations were analysed. The transient and impulse characteristics in bending stress and twisting stress were obtained. Based on these characteristics, viscoelastic parameters of samples were determined (Young modulus, shear modulus and viscosity). The Poisson's number, indicating the ratio of transverse contraction to longitudinal extension of the material during deformation, was calculated using the values of Young's modulus and shear modulus. The measured values of the Young's modulus in bending stress vary in the range from 62MPa to 670MPa. The values of the shear stress modulus range...
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Significance of frequency of measurement on describing linear mechanical systems - in- vivo measurements
Kohoutová, Tereza ; Kuchařová, Monika (advisor) ; Klemera, Petr (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry Candidate: Tereza Kohoutová Supervisor: Mgr. Monika Kuchařová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Significance of frequency of measurement on describing linear mechanical systems - in vivo measurements This diploma thesis in its theoretical part deals with description of skin and its functions and properties. The main subject of interest are the mechanical properties of the skin. Second component of the theoretical part is a chapter about rheology and its importance for characterisation of mechanical properties especially biological materials. The practical part is focused on in vivo measurement of mechanical parameters of human skin and on finding dependence of Hooke's and Newton's coefficients on frequency of the measurements. Hooke's coefficient represents the elastic part of the skin. Newton's coefficient characterises its viscosity. The method used was based on measuring impulse response with the dynamic viscoelastometer. Measurements took place on ten female volunteers. During the experiment we were changing the mass of the measuring probe with weights, thereby altering the frequency of measurement. By this proceeding we were able to discover the dependence of both coefficients on...
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