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Compound and Extended Final Particles
Libich, Jan ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to explore the morphological, syntactic, and particularly the semantic properties of specific expressions of the Japanese grammar called compound and extended sentence ending particles. The purpose of the research is to answer the question of which combinations of sentence ending particles exist in contemporary Japanese, what are the meanings of these combinations and how they can be translated into Czech. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the theoretical level, where sentence ending particles are examined in general and an overview of simple sentence ending particles is presented. In the second part, based on available academic literature and analysis of authentic language material, compound and extended sentence ending particles are examined, especially their meanings. Compound sentence ending particles kana, noka, yone and extended sentence ending particles monoka and janaika are analyzed. The conclusion of the thesis contains a summary of the specific features of the grammatical categories of compound and extended sentence ending particles. Keywords: Japanese, final particles, compound particles, modality.
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Development of shojo and shonen manga character registers
Dvořáková, Johana ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Weber, Michael (referee)
(in English) A thesis looks into a development of character registers called yakuwarigo in shoujo and shounen manga from years 70s, 90s and 2000s. The main topic is about finding out how during those years the character registers changed in both genres (shoujo and shounen) separately and comparing the changes with each other. Due to limited length this work will be concentrating on character registers of female characters only.
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Expressivity - ways and means of its expression in Japanese
Reichlová, Anna-Marie ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The present thesis is focused on what linguist Anna Wierzbicka defined as the characteristic features of Japanese language in relation to expressing emotions verbally, which is the essence of expressivity. The research is based on a Japanese speakers' conversations corpus created for the purposes of this thesis and which takes into account factors such as age, social status, gender and various circumstances in which the dialogues are taking place. The thesis examines the area of rather negative emotions. The primary aim of the thesis is to verify the assumptions made by Wierzbicka on the characteristics of Japanese using language analysis of the corpus, and adjust her findings as the case may be. In addition, the thesis will investigate and summarize the most prominent language strategies and means used in expressive communication by Japanese speakers and to determine possible socio-linguistic or cultural factors involved.
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Japanese Dialects: Intercomparison and Historical Development
Abbasov, Dmitry ; Tirala, Martin (advisor) ; Kanasugi, Petra (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to provide synchronic and diachronic overview of dialects of the Japanese language spoken on the four main islands of Japan. First, the thesis defines the term 'dialect' and then gives a short overview of the history of dialectology in Japan. The third chapter is the core of the thesis-description of Japanese dialects since the 20th century-and it uses the classification by the founder of the Japanese dialectology, Tōjō Misao, to separate the dialects into groups. After pinpointing of some of the dialect features, especially phonetic and grammatical ones, and a short description of their present state, there follows an excursus into the development of Japanese language policy in the 20th century and its impact on the status of dialects in Japanese society. The conclusion summarizes today's tendencies in the language development in individual regions of Japan. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Rendition of Czech Possesive pronouns in Literary Translations into Japanese
Mornsteinová, Lucie ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The goal of the following thesis was to present respective renditions of the Czech possessive pronouns in the literary translations into Japanese as assigned. In the first part of this thesis is located a general introduction and comparison of word class of possessive pronouns in both languages. In the later part are located the results of the analyses of the literary translations into Japanese, respective frequencies of usage of individual translations for each grammatical person and both grammatical numbers of Czech possessive pronouns, all expressed in percentage. For the purposes of this thesis books War with the Newts and The Joke were chosen. Prior to any analyses sentences containing possessive pronouns and its respective renditions were chosen in the Czech original and Japanese translated texts. This method was applied on one hundred sentences from the book War with the Newts and on two hundred sentences from the book The Joke. After this were the sentences analysed. As expected Japanese proved to be one of the languages in which pronouns are omitted, even if they indicate the possessor of something (generally speaking). Even though, the general as well as individual rates of respective renditions were higher, than in the original Japanese texts on which the results were verified. This...
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The Development of the Form -m.u to Forms -ó/ -jó and daró as an Example of Grammaticalization and Subjectification
Kanasugi, Petra ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Fiala, Karel (referee) ; Barešová, Ivona (referee)
The thesis is a continuation of studies of Japanese modality, however its theme is not defined based on a particular kind of modality as is commonly done in synchronic studies but based on completely or to a degree shared common origin of the studied forms. Usage and properties of Early Middle Japanese -m.u are compared with usage and properties of Modern Japanese {-ō /-jō} a darō, schematic meanings of respective forms are suggested and grammaticalization and subjectification shifts which have taken place during approximately one thousand years of development are mapped. The results of the analysis show that subjectification has taken place and that the main impuls leading to the subjectification changes was grammaticalization of suffix -m.u to ending {-ō /-jō} respectively to particle (in Narrog (1998) terms) darō, which lead to split of one schematic meanings "inclination" in general control cycle (Langacker 2002, 2009) to two separate schematic meanings "inclination" in factual respectively epistemic control cycle. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Keigo - Language Means in Japanese Expressing Politeness, Courtesy and Respect
Kotek, Filip ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Kanasugi, Petra (referee)
This thesis focuses on category of honorific expressions keigo, which consists of language means expressing politeness, courtesy and respect. It deals with classification methods of honorifics and puts emphasis on current system. All relevant subcategories are also introduced. The main part of the thesis consists of the description of the categories themselves. From the perspective of pragmalinguistics, the light is shed on usage rules concerning these categories and it concentrates especially on formal description of morphological and lexical means functioning when different levels of politeness is are being used. Key words: japanese language, linguistics, keigo, politeness, courtesy, respect
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Functional Sentence Perspective Articulation in Czech and Japanese
Černáčková, Júlia ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
Júlia Černáčková, Vyjadrenie aktuálneho členenia vety v češtine a v japončine Abstract (in English): The aim of the present thesis is to investigate the differences between the articulation of functional sentence perspective in selected Czech and Japanese texts. Examined fields are the following: linear modification, semantic and contextual factors and the use of thematizers and rhematizers. Using four texts- two original texts and their translations- the main differences in the functional sentence perspective articulation in Czech and Japanese are defined. The first, theoretical part of the thesis presents the basic concepts of the theory of functional sentence perspective and their practical application in the Japanese language. The theoretical background of the present thesis is based mainly on the publication Functional Sentence Perspective in Written and Spoken Communication by Jan Firbas, but other works related to this area are used and quoted as well. In the second, practical part, comparisons of the results concerning the functional sentence perspective articulation in Czech and Japanese obtained from the analysed texts are presented. Analysed are the distinctions in the functional sentence perspective articulation in thematic, transitional and rhematic layer of the texts and the main differences...
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Extended Particles: Their Meaning and Use
Pivkač, Petr ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Weber, Michael (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to explore the morphological, syntactic and particularly semantic features of expressions of the Japanese grammar, called extended particles. This research work is, in practice, carried out both in general, when there is examined the whole grammatical category of the extended particles and specifically, when there is examined a small group of semantically similar extended particles. This group includes the extended particles wo moto ni shite, ni motozuite and ni sotte, meaning they express basis for a particular action. Based on an expert literature and analysis of authentic language materials these extended particles are examined primarily for differences in their meanings. In addition to research and specification of such differences for each individual extended particle there is also determined its primary and secondary use. In the conclusion, there is a summary of the specifics of the grammatical category of the extended particles that is thereto complemented by a contemplation of the relationship of the extended particles with the process of grammaticalization. Keywords: extended particle, fukugōjoshi, particle, Japanese, grammaticalization.
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