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End of the Katun Periods in the Maya Calendar
Dimelisová, Eleni ; Kostičová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on the question how the Maya from Tikal celebrated ends of the katun cycles of their calendar during the Classic period. To answer this question the tesis brings the analysis of all Tikal's katun period-ending steale and altars. The accent is put on katun period-ending rituals. This thesis is also concerned with twin-pyramid complexes which were developed at Tikal to host katun-ending commemoration. Keywords Pre-Columbian America, Mesoamerica, the Maya, the Maya calendar, katuns, rituals, stelae.
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The territory management and spatial justice: the Regional Decentralization Paradox and its Impact on the Aysén region (Patagonia,Chile).
Pérez Herrera, Sofía Victoria ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Verdier, Nicolas (referee) ; Musset, Alain (referee)
"Spatial Planning and Social Justice: the paradox of regional decentralization and its impact on the region of Aysén (Chilean Patagonia)" ABSTRACT The following research focuses on the problem of the spatial planning model implemented in Chile -through top-down strategies- during the last forty years, where decentralization has become an almost unreachable task. The concentration of decision-making processes in the central government, and the increasing social and economic inequalities between the fourteen regions and the metropolis of Santiago, have led to a wave of social movements from north to south of the country. The specific case of the social movement of Aysén represented a wake-up call for society, where citizens achieved to organize themselves and demand the integration of their own opinions in decision-making processes in what concerns the territory they inhabit. This movement claimed for the vindication of Aysén as a historically forgotten region by the central government. In other words, the latter calls for spatial justice and recognition of its particularities as a peripheral region. Key words: spatial planning, regionalisation, decentralisation, spatial justice, social movement, Chilean Patagonia.
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Physical-spatial and social configuration at neighborhood level, the Raval (Barcelona), an urban evaluation according with the Compact City Model
Azofeifa Valverde, Edwin Javier ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Janáč, Jiří (referee) ; Erdösi, Péter (referee)
Physical-spatial and social configuration at neighborhood level, the Raval (Barcelona), an urban evaluation according with the Compact City Model Edwin Javier Azofeifa Valverde ABSTRACT In urban areas, economic development and efforts for improving the quality of citizens' lives, instead of complementing each other and contributing to the advancement of the city, both of them generate and accentuate the processes of physical and social fragmentation in cities. This thesis describes and evaluates the physical-spatial and social configuration in the neighbourhood of Raval in Barcelona, with a particular focus on the role played in that configuration by the immigrant population. The aim is to identify how those processes in which social inequality and a lack of access to certain services and facilities manifest themselves. In order to illustrate this reality and understand the configuration of Raval, population data and information regarding services, facilities, and urban furniture were gathered. The concept of compact urban development (the compact city model) was used in order to interpret the potential weaknesses in the neighbourhood, which hinder its functionality. The main drawbacks are the predominance of population groups occupying certain spaces hindering their potential integration in the...
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The question about Central American canal at the end of the 19th century
Vítková, Hana ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
This thesis is dedicated to the issues of deciding about the place of construction of Central American canal, how it was mentioned in speeches of American politics and presidents. The main part is dedicated to these speeches in American Senate and theannual reports of American presidents with taking historic affairs into account. Since the canal was an important issue of international politics, in another part of this thesis we also mention French participation in Panama region. Success was strongly assumed for Nicaragua Route as well, this topic is the focus of a separate charter, too.
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Cocoa Trade in Colonial Spanish America
Pekařová, Jana ; Binková, Simona (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
My dissertation is focusing on the cocoa trade in colonial Spanish America. Cocoa is undoubtedly one of the New World products which has dominated Europe. The work is divided into four chapters. The first chapter focuses on pre-Columbus period. It describes the origin of cocoa bean, its spread and its significance to the first cultivators. Considerably big part of this chapter is dedicated to the importancy of cocoa bean for the Aztecs culture.The next chapter focuses on the arrival of Spanish colonists, their first experiences with cocoa bean, the beginning of the cocoa trade and its introduction and spread to Europe. The main points of the third chapter are the main areas of cocoa production and trading in the colonial period. Each part of this chapter focuses not only on the trade in Venezuela, Ecuador and New Spain but also on other related topics. The fourth chapter briefly describes Bourbon reforms and shows their influence on different areas of production in 18th and the beginning of 19th century. All findings are summarized at the final part. Keywords: Cocoa, trade, colonial Spanish America, Colonial administration, Spain, Viceroyalty of New Spain,Viceroyalty of Peru
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The Influence of Sendero Luminoso upon the Life in Peru
Ulrichová, Anna ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
This diploma thesis studies the influence of Sendero Luminoso, Peruvian Maoist guerilla movement, upon the life in Peru. The introductory part deals with the second half of the 20th century Peruvian history that preceded the internal armed conflict. The main part of the thesis focuses on the activity of Sendero Luminoso and counterinsurgency forces in the last two decades of the previous century and on the influence these activities had on the Peruvian population. The final part evaluates the present time (post-2000) influence of Sendero Luminoso in Peru as well as various forms of its presence.
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Vietnamese immigrants in Prague before and after 1989 in transgenerational and transnational perspective
Horáčková, Tereza ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Bauer, Pauli (referee) ; György, Eszter (referee)
This thesis presents the results of a historical investigation of the arrival and presence of Vietnamese immigrants in Prague between 1974 and 1993. Methodologically, the research is based on interviews with witnesses of the program of socialist internationalism and on the study of the Czechoslovak government administrative documents from the period between 1974, ie. the year the signing of the Agreement between the Government Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam about employing Vietnamese citizens in Czechoslovak organizations1 , with a milestone in 1989 as the collapse of the communist regime, and the year 1993, as the separation of Slovakia and the establishment of an independent Czechoslovak Republic This work is not only based on the assumption that this program influenced the integration of the first generation in Czechoslovak society, but it also shows an indirect influence on the second generation coming after the Velvet Revolution, due to the program's effect on the emergence of Vietnamese social networks. The research aims to uncover the factors that influence the adaptation of the first and second generations in the majority environment and to indicate the effect that the normative framework of the program had on the formation of ethnic social networks. It...
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Administrative and economy of the so called Aztec Empire
Dušek, Jakub ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Binková, Simona (referee)
(in English): This thesis examines and tests the hypothesis whether political entity, in literature traditionally referred to as the "Aztec Empire", was actually an empire equivalent to European states of that age. Based on this hypothesis there are two objectives in this paper. The first one is to answer the question of what principles really stood on this political entity, how the relationships between the core of the empire and other provinces varied and what affected these relationships. The second objective is to examine the economic system of the Aztec empire because that was extensively intertwined with its political actions and influenced them. All three components of the Aztec economy are analyzed, thus supplying the Triple Alliance on its own (intensive agriculture, trade) and extracting tributes from conquered territories. Attention is also paid to the history of "Aztec empire" and its Mesoamerican context. The main sources are edited sources from early colonial times, depicting the situation before the arrival of Europeans and secondary literature, stemming mainly from ethnohistorical research.
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