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Dermatophytes isolated from the hair of free-living rodents
Žárová, Štěpánka ; Čmoková, Adéla (advisor) ; Mašínová, Tereza (referee)
Dermatophytes (order Onygenales, Ascomycota) are microscopic filamentous keratinophilic fungi that can cause skin infections known as dermatophytosis. The most diverse but not very studied genus Arthroderma has been revised recently (Míková 2018) which was essential for further research. This genus comprises mostly species with a supposed reservoir in soil. Lack of information about their ecology and frequent isolation of some species from the hair of free- living mammals (mainly rodents) may testify a strong host association. Rodents could thus represent the hidden reservoir of this species. For this thesis, I have chosen three ecologically distinct rodent species: Mus musculus, Apodemus flavicollis, and Clethrionomys glareolus. I obtained the material by brushing the hair of asymptomatic individuals and used this material for cultivation on selective medium. I identified the isolates of dermatophytes (n = 30) using molecular methods. I used sequences of three highly variable loci (ITS, tubb a tef1α) to incorporate these isolates in the phylogenetic analysis based on the monography of the genus Arthroderma (Míková 2018). I characterized the phenotype of selected strains based on morphological and physiological data including the ability to utilize keratin and the production of siderophores. The...
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Dermatophytes isolated from the hair of free-living rodents
Žárová, Štěpánka ; Čmoková, Adéla (advisor) ; Mašínová, Tereza (referee)
Dermatophytes (order Onygenales, Ascomycota) are microscopic filamentous keratinophilic fungi that can cause skin infections known as dermatophytosis. The most diverse but not very studied genus Arthroderma has been revised recently (Míková 2018) which was essential for further research. This genus comprises mostly species with a supposed reservoir in soil. Lack of information about their ecology and frequent isolation of some species from the hair of free- living mammals (mainly rodents) may testify a strong host association. Rodents could thus represent the hidden reservoir of this species. For this thesis, I have chosen three ecologically distinct rodent species: Mus musculus, Apodemus flavicollis, and Clethrionomys glareolus. I obtained the material by brushing the hair of asymptomatic individuals and used this material for cultivation on selective medium. I identified the isolates of dermatophytes (n = 30) using molecular methods. I used sequences of three highly variable loci (ITS, tubb a tef1α) to incorporate these isolates in the phylogenetic analysis based on the monography of the genus Arthroderma (Míková 2018). I characterized the phenotype of selected strains based on morphological and physiological data including the ability to utilize keratin and the production of siderophores. The...
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Epidemiology of selected zoophilic dermatophytes
Žárová, Štěpánka ; Čmoková, Adéla (advisor) ; Švarcová, Michaela (referee)
This bachelor thesis specializes on the epidemiology of skin infections caused by so called zoophilic dermatophytes, phylogenetically related species of pathogenic fungi of the order Onygenales (Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina) that have their reservoir in animals and are often transmitted to human. The first part of the thesis deals with the evolution and current state of the taxonomy of dermatophytes with special focus on the zoophilic species. The main part concentrates on five selected species, the description of their host spectra, population structure, clinical manifestation of infection, and changes in distribution among human patients in Europe. In this region the spectrum of the zoophilic dermatophytes has changed markedly since the 1950s. Especially apparent is a decline in the incidence of the species Trichophyton verrucosum after the implementation of vaccination in cattle. The rise of the species T. erinacei and T. benhamiae probably relates to the increasing popularity of pet hedgehogs and guinea pigs or to a newly introduced strain. Interesting is the high incidence of the species Microsporum canis in the Mediterranean and Russia. Thanks to the comprehensive approach including many epidemiological studies and current view on the taxonomy this thesis may form a valuable base for...
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