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Rescue people from the means of transport in the liquidation of the consequences of mass disasters.
GABRIŠKA, Michael
Rescue people from the means of transport in the liquidation of the consequences of mass disaster Abstract This work brings the view of how people are rescued at accidents and the subsequent liquidation of the consequences of mass disaster. The first part of the work is focused on the current number of accident rate in the Czech Republic. The other part deals with the methodology that can be used by the fire units and other units of the Integrated Rescue System and the subsequent liquidation of the extraordinary events in the traffic. In the bachelor´s work, the proposal of situations how to practise the training and competions at rescuing people from the crashed vehicles is processed and from that is possible to come out at the real action at the accidents.
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Head injury at fatal road accidents.
AMBRŮŽEK, Tomáš
The issue of road accidents rate has been generally and continually a topical issue not only in the Czech Republic but in the whole developed world. This is the reason why this bachelor thesis deals with traffic accidents, more specifically with head injuries in fatal road accidents. The goal of this work was to asses the percentage presented by head injuries in fatal consequences of road accidents and identify the most common causes of death in car accidents. With the view of the set goal, the following hypothesis was formulated: ``Head injuries are the most frequent cause of death in traffic accidents.{\crqq} During the research, I used the methods of secondary and content analyses to review and asses head injuries in fatal traffic accidents. The analyzed sample was presented by 91 people killed in traffic accidents dissected at the Forensic Department of the České Budějovice Hospital. The data were collected from their autopsy reports. The method of combined analyses was used to identify and classify the type of their fatal injuries, i.e. whether the cause of death was the head injury itself, whether there were polytraumas with a fatal head injury combined or if the death was caused by other injuries. The research has fulfilled the original goal of this work {--} to asses the percentage presented by head injuries in fatal consequences of road accidents and identify the most common causes of death in traffic accidents. Drawing on the results of the research it is possible to state that the hypothesis (Head injuries are the most frequent cause of death n traffic accidents.) has been verified.
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Progress and structure of motor vehicle accident frequency in the region of Prachatice caused by alcohol abuse
VEBER, Luděk
The thesis focuses on the rate of road accidents resulting from alcohol abuse in the district of Prachatice in the period from 1996 to 2006. The objective of the thesis is to analyse available police statistical data of the Police Presidium of the Czech Republic, as well as the South Bohemian Regional Police Directorate, the Regional Department for External Service, and the Road Traffic Inspectorate in Prachatice. The initial part of the thesis defines the characteristics of alcohol, its metabolism in the human body and its subsequent degradation and elimination. Furthermore, it provides a description of alcohol dependence and the impacts on health arising from excessive alcohol consumption. When driving a motor or non-motor vehicle under the influence of alcoholic beverages, the driver commits an unlawful action. The thesis reviews current legislation associated with driving vehicles under the influence of alcoholic beverages. Based on processed statistical data, an analysis of the development of the rate of road accidents caused by alcohol abuse in the period 1996 {--} 2006 was made, as well as an analysis of the structure of road accidents resulting from alcohol abuse in the same period according to the age of the offenders, accident types, and criminal prosecution. The ascertained statistical data served as a basis for diagrams and tables used for further comparison. In total, the thesis contains 22 diagrams and the same number of tables. Whereas the statistical data gathered in this manner were deployed as basic data for an analysis of the road accident rate in the district of Prachatice in the period from 1996 to 2006. One of the main issues examined by the thesis is the unsatisfactory and the socially dangerous conduct of motor vehicle drivers who drive their vehicles under the influence of alcoholic beverage and thereby, pose an imminent threat to the lives and health of other road traffic participants.
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The Prevention of Road Traffic Accidents in Terms of Transport Engineering.
ONDRUŠKA, Jiří
At present the participant of the traffic is each of us and nearly for the whole lifetime. The effort of all organizations concerned about the road traffic safety is above all to decrease the number of accidents and its consequences. Up to date trend of the society is to focus more on the precausions to prevent the occurence of accidents than only on the repressive sanctions of the participants who break the rules. On one hand, the precausion consists of various meetings, lectures and trainings from small participants of the road traffic to so called professional drivers. On the other hand, the set of various arrangements directly on the roads has begun to have the great importance and its aim is by the construction activities or by the change of road signs settings or traffic facilities settings to decrease the real consequences of the accidents and to increase the safety of individual participants of the road traffic. The aim of this work is to find out the real stage of the road traffic safety, fluency and the consequences of accidents with regards to the data from past years, to find insecure places and suggest optimal way of modification.
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Analysis of the human as an element of accident in the area of motor vehicles.
KUTLÁKOVÁ, Simona
This thesis analyzes the human as an element of accident system in the sphere of motor-vehicle traffic. Then interprets the risks, damages and injuries in this sphere which are caused by the driver. On this basis, the measures to reduce the number of injuries in the Czech Republic are drawn up. In this thesis is taken account of existing measures that were proceeded in this area. It focuses particularly on the subject "driver" and its role in traffic accidents.
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Cooperation of Integrated rescue system units in road traffic accidents of means of passenger transit
KROUPA, Martin
The diploma thesis deals with problems of collaboration of the Integrated Rescue System at coordination of its units intervention in larger traffic accidents, to be specific in coach traffic accidents with a bigger number of the injured and the dead. In the thesis two significant traffic accidents and cooperation training of the units of the Integrated Rescue System are compared at intervals of last five years. Following the analysis it is possible to monitor not only the increasing level of technical and material equipment of single units, but also the increasing level of coordination of their activities. The main aim of the thesis is evaluation of the current level of collaboration of the units of the Integrated Rescue System in a larger traffic accident, eventually a proposal of possible adjustment or modification of currently already used type activities of the units of the Integrated Rescue System.
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Drugs and activities that could cause danger to life, health or damage to property
HANDSCHUHOVÁ, Silvie
The objective of this thesis is to summarize the effects of drugs, especially of the cannabinoids and amphetamine type stimulants, and to analyse which of these substances leads to high-risk activities, that could endanger life, health or result in damage to property. One of these activities, an important one, is driving under the influence of drugs. Driving itself is a complex demand, involving perception, decision making, psychomotor skills, knowledge, as well as attitudes and personality characteristics. Substance use and abuse has an impact on the functioning of the brain and mental processes and therefore on the performance of the driving task. Driving under the influence of drugs is a high risk activity which endangers not only the driver but also their surroundings. In the last few years, the Czech Republic registered a rapid increase in the number of impaired drivers, namely at police check points and in car accidents. The young drivers are mostly under influence of marijuana, respectively tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Its negative effect on driving results from impaired co-ordination, slowed complex reaction time and in space and time distortion. The second group of drugs which can impair drivers is amphetamine type stimulants. Amphetamines are frequently sought by truck drivers, especially long-haul drivers, in Western Europe for its stimulative effects. In the Czech Republic the methamphetamine, Pervitin, is much more common. Intoxication is characterized by increased wakefulness, increased physical activity, increased respiration, rapid heart rate and an irregular heartbeat. The risk factors for driving are a lack of concentration and an overestimation of one{\crq}s own capabilities. After the acute phase of intoxication subsides, fatigue or states of narcolepsy may occur. Another amphetamine-based drug is methylenedioxymethamphetamine, MDMA or Ecstasy. This synthetic substance, chemically related to mescaline, is dangerous due to its ability to regulate body temperature. On rare but unpredictable occasions, this can lead to sharp hyperthermia, resulting in liver, kidney and cardiovascular system failure, and death. It can also cause hallucinations. All common drugs are easily detectable with ``drug test-cards{\crqq}, which are used during police checks around the the world. The Czech Republic is currently testing their utilization and is preparing legislation accordingly. Utilization of these tests during random checks could help to decrease the number of fatal road accidents and could help to decrease the number of impaired drivers on the roads.
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Professional drivers and first aid
KŘÍŽOVÁ, Radmila
The thesis called ``Professional drivers and first aid`` is concerned with professional drivers´ knowledge of providing first aid and their further education in this field. Based on the statistics a car accident occurs every three minutes and a man dies in car accidents every eight minutes. To save men´s lives the first minutes are the most important. Professional drivers are regularly trained in traffic regulations but health care preparation is not usually included or it is only a side issue. A quantitative research was accomplished and the objectives and hypotheses were stated. The data were collected through an anonymous questionnaire containing 29 questions. The questionnaires were distributed to professional drivers in the districts of Jihlava and Znojmo. The research set consisted of 112 respondents with the prevalance of lorry drivers. The research proved that the drivers know emergency call numbers. They know how to provide first aid but they are not informed of new methods, especially in resuscitation. Most drivers admit that a regular training of first aid should be included in professional trainings and the education in this field is unsufficient. The research indicated that professional drivers need more training of first aid as well as other people.
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