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Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of doped PVDF fibers
Smejkalová, Tereza ; Papež, Nikola (oponent) ; Sobola, Dinara (vedoucí práce)
This diploma thesis focuses on a flexible energy harvesting system based on piezoelectric polymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with an emphasis on manipulating and optimising the properties and performance. By incorporating powders of piezo-active ceramics, the properties of piezoelectric polymer PVDF could be significantly improved and converted into useful electrical energy. PVDF was formed by electrospinning into fibres with a thickness of 1.5-0.3 µm and then studied with various analytical methods. This work offers a description of electrospinning, a preparation of samples for examination and a theoretical introduction to the analytical methods to which the samples were subjected. The morphology and distribution of the nanostructured ceramics into the PVDF polymer matrix was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive Xray spectroscopy (EDX). For the formation of phase and detailed phase composition, the samples were comprehensively characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The work also contains analysis in Raman spectroscopy, a method used to identify and compare chemical compounds. The electrical characteristics were studied by dielectric spectroscopy and the correlation with composition is provided. Individual components of doped fibres are characterised and discussed relating to their future use in sensors.
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Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of doped PVDF fibers
Smejkalová, Tereza ; Papež, Nikola (oponent) ; Sobola, Dinara (vedoucí práce)
This diploma thesis focuses on a flexible energy harvesting system based on piezoelectric polymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with an emphasis on manipulating and optimising the properties and performance. By incorporating powders of piezo-active ceramics, the properties of piezoelectric polymer PVDF could be significantly improved and converted into useful electrical energy. PVDF was formed by electrospinning into fibres with a thickness of 1.5-0.3 µm and then studied with various analytical methods. This work offers a description of electrospinning, a preparation of samples for examination and a theoretical introduction to the analytical methods to which the samples were subjected. The morphology and distribution of the nanostructured ceramics into the PVDF polymer matrix was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive Xray spectroscopy (EDX). For the formation of phase and detailed phase composition, the samples were comprehensively characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The work also contains analysis in Raman spectroscopy, a method used to identify and compare chemical compounds. The electrical characteristics were studied by dielectric spectroscopy and the correlation with composition is provided. Individual components of doped fibres are characterised and discussed relating to their future use in sensors.
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On behaviour of PVB solutions in electrospinning
Švrčinová, Petra ; Lubasová, D. ; Filip, Petr ; Martinová, L.
Electrospinning produces nanofibre sheets from polymer solutions under high electric field. Rheological properties of these solutions play a substantial role in a nanofibre formation simultaneously with properties of polymers and solvents applied. This contribution aims at a determination of dependence of shear viscosity of polyvinylbuthyral (PVB) on the intensity of electric field to which PVB solutions are exposed. PVB was dissolved consecutively in a series of solvents as 10% wt. solution. It was found that the viscosity ratio (viscosity of a solution in presence of electric field/viscosity of a solution in absence of electric field) depends on the polarity of solvent. This pre-determines the possibility of application of the individual solvents for the process of electrospinning.
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