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Mineralogical, chemical-physical characterization of mineral fibers and their interaction with the human body
Viani, Alberto ; Pérez-Estébanez, Marta ; Mácová, Petra
A standardized protocol of analysis of the mineral fibers with a preliminary full mineralogical characterization has never been applied so far. There are thousands of contributions in the literature on specific aspects of the problem but very few attempts to draw a general picture based on a multidisciplinary approach. To the eye of the proposers of the project, this seems to be the only way to reach a conclusive and shared general view at a molecular level of the bio-toxicity of mineral fibers at a structural level. In this first stage of a more vast project, the study of mineral fibers has been conducted using different experimental approaches. Eight samples of mineral fibers have been selected for their economic and social importance with the objective to systematically characterize their structural, physical-chemical characteristics and attain a direct comparison. X-rays diffraction data, micro-Raman and micro-Infrared spectra of some of them were collected at CET.
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Characterisation of historic materials - the case of Tao-I-Kisra Palace (Iraq)
Slížková, Zuzana ; Pérez-Estébanez, Marta ; Viani, Alberto
The aim of this study is the characterization of bricks from the Taq-I-Kisra palace in southern Iraq (ancient Mesopotamian area). The palace is located in the plain of the Tigri river (see Fig. 1). The construction probably started around year 540 AD even if there is some uncertainty about its age. The arched hall on the facade is about 37 m high and is the largest vault ever constructed at the time (see Fig. 2). Originally conceived as an imperial palace, was later used as a mosque by the Arabs before being gradually abandoned. The historical constructions in this area are what remains of the capital of the empire. In accordance with geological data, in the area where the temple was built (and in general in the Mesopotamian area), the most available construction material was mud. Mud bricks were made mainly of clays. In ancient times there is evidence of mixes with sand, water, mud, and organic material, husks or straw.
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Reaction kinetics of magnesium phosphate cements
Viani, Alberto ; Pérez-Estébanez, Marta
Magnesium phosphate cements (MPCs), are a class of new binders developed to reduce the ecological impact of construction. When magnesium oxide reacts with potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) (KDP) in presence of water, crystallization of magnesium potassium phosphate hydrate (MKP) occurs, according to the reaction: MgO + KH2PO4 + 5H2O --> MgKPO4·6H2O. Despite the importance of MPC for a wide range of applications, including rapid concrete repair, recycling of hazardous wastes, waste encapsulation, bone repair, natural fibre composites, no data are available on hydration reaction kinetics.
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