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Mechanisms and kinetics of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) reactions
Melčová, Veronika ; Sedláček,, Tomáš (oponent) ; Bakoš, Dušan (oponent) ; Přikryl, Radek (vedoucí práce)
This thesis deals with melt reactions of bacterial biopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) with selected reactive agents. Compounds of different functional groups; isocyanates, carbodiimides, alcohols and epoxides; and functionalities; from two to polyfunctional; were exploited. The aim is to characterize the kinetics of the polymer's thermal degradation during processing with and without the addition of aforementioned reagents in different dosages. For that, rheological measurement consisting of four subsequent frequency sweeps covering a range of 0.1–50 Hz was carried out and obtained data were evaluated to gain a viscosity loss rate. This kinetic parameter enabled the comparison of the effects of individual reagents. Moreover, reactive samples were prepared by kneading, where melt torque was recorded and discussed, and also by solution method, where solution viscosity was measured. The thermal properties, molecular weight and infrared spectra of such prepared samples were studied. Among the tested additives, polymeric carbodiimide Raschig 9000, hexamethylene diisocyanate, poly(glycidyl methacrylate) synthetized for the purpose of this work, and poly(hexamethylene diisocyanate) showed the best overall results in performed experiments. Notably, the sample with a 100-fold molar overdose of Raschig had a 20–30% lower value of the viscosity loss factor than the reference in the frequency region 0.1–5 Hz. In addition, an enzymatic biodegradability test with lipase and in abiotic conditions was carried out. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) additivated with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) showed the highest rate of molecular weight decrease.
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