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Chemical Composition of PM2.5 at Rural Backround Site Košetice
Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Havránek, Vladimír
PM2.5 generally represents fine fraction of atmospheric aerosol. Fine particles may remain in the atmosphere for days or even weeks and therefore they may be transported over long distances. Moreover, they may increase the background levels of atmospheric aerosol mass far from their origin. They have important adverse health effects and in the same time, they influence climate due to their direct and indirect effects on Earth radiative balance. To know the origin of PM2.5 aerosol, its chemical composition can serve as the diary of contacts with aerosol sources and transformations. Therefore it is necessary to study PM2.5 chemical composition if the fine aerosol sources should be revealed. A rural background site study can serve as a basis enabling to determine the real influence of larger sources like cities or an industry.
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Epitaxial rectrystalization of the Ni/MgO(001)interface
Vacík, Jiří ; Naramoto, H. ; Yamamoto, S. ; Narumi, K. ; Havránek, Vladimír
Process of recrystallization of the epitaxially grown Ni layer deposited on the MgO(001) single crystal is studied. Thin Ni layer prepared by the vapor deposition of Ni on the MgO substrate kept were annealed between 500 and 1000 0C and systematically analyzed by Rutherford backscattering, X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy. Dramatic change in evolution of the crystalline quality was observed during the thermal treatment. The strain and defect density gradually decreased and at the temperature 1000 0C the strain-free Ni/MgO(001) interface was obtained.
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Měření povrchových vrstev kombinací jaderných analytických metod
Peřina, Vratislav ; Macková, Anna ; Červená, Jarmila ; Havránek, Vladimír ; Voseček, Václav ; Hnatowicz, Vladimír ; Vacík, Jiří
Nedestruktivní jaderné metody umožňující hloubkově selektivní prvkové analýzy od desítek do tisíců nanometrů jsou využívány pro charakterizaci různých fyzikálně i technologicky zajímavých systémů a pro sledování chemických a fyzikálních jevů na povrchu pevných fází. Kombinace metod RBS, ERDA, NDP, PIXE a PIGE umožňuje určit a rozlišit lehké i těžké prvky.
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