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Obesity in the elderly: The health and social issues
KLÍMOVÁ, Alžběta
ABSTRACT The present bachelor thesis is entitled Health and Social Aspects of Obesity in the Elderly. Obesity is a serious chronic metabolic disease characterized by an increased fat percentage in body composition with a simultaneous increase of body mass beyond the normal range. Obesity needs to be seen both as a disease and as an important risk factor contributing to the development of a number of other conditions. The results of extensive studies have clearly demonstrated an increase in the number of people affected by overweight or obesity on a worldwide scale. The rising population prevalence and incidence of obesity prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1997 to declare obesity a worldwide epidemic. The elderly constitute a high-risk group in terms of obesity development. The body{\crq}s reduced energy requirements on the one hand and the deeply entrenched poor dietary habits with an excess of low-quality foods coupled with reduced physical activity on the other hand necessarily lead to overweight and obesity. This serious chronic disease requires a comprehensive, individual-focused diagnostic and therapeutic approach. The main and irreplaceable role in combating obesity is played by prevention, which should become a society-wide task. This bachelor thesis consists of a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical section explains concepts related to the thesis topic, i.e.: obesity definition, obesity prevalence, causes of obesity development, effects of obesity, diagnostics in obesity medicine, treatment of obesity and obesity prevention. It also describes the issue of obesity in the elderly. The aim of the thesis was to ascertain attitudes within the elderly population towards the issue of obesity, as well as assess their level of interest in health and healthy lifestyles and whether they know and follow the current trends in healthy nutrition. Another goal was to examine their willingness to get actively involved in lifestyle change, thus assuming responsibility for their state of health. For the purposes of research the thesis used a quantitative research technique. Questioning was chosen as a method, the resulting technique used being a questionnaire. The practical part of the bachelor thesis closes with an analysis including an evaluation of results. The research results show that the elderly do not regard obesity as a substantial health problem. In my opinion, the stated aim of the thesis has been achieved.
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The seniors view of the condition of the environment in the Czech republic
HORATLÍKOVÁ, Iva
The aim of this thesis is to clarify senior citizens´ attitude to the condition of the environment in the Czech Republic and their concern to share efforts for its improvement as well as to learn if they feel responsible and can get enough information in this field. The introductory, theoretical part mentions the term of {\clqq}old age`` and gives the analysis of the present-day and future demographic development of the number of seniors. In my thesis I deal not only with the term itself but also with its influence on healthy lifestyle of seniors. I summarize and assess findings I have obtained from seniors in terms of their own attitudes to the condition of the environment. The other, practical part of my thesis deals with the results I acquired by the method of semi-standardized interviews and questionnaires. The 14 seniors aged 65 {--} 74 years who took part in the research had been selected at random. The results of the described research are favourable: seniors appreciate activities that make them more informed and thus responsible for the environment in the Czech Republic. They welcome the opportunity to share their views on the issue by meeting other people and building up social contacts thereby. They would like to get engaged more and help to improve the condition of the environment.
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The role of nurse in recognition of the early stages of dementia
VELÁTOVÁ, Jana
The aim of this work was to find out whether the nurses working in the rooms of G.P. for adults can recognize signals of early stages of clients´ dementia, whether the nurses purposefully aim their effort to recognise the signals and whether the elderly people themselves are interested in such interventions. The group to be investigated was made up of a group of nurses from the G.P. rooms in the Tabor District and a group of elderly people at the age of 65 and over from the Tabor District as well. The investigation was made through quantitative research, questions; structured questions were used for the collection of data. The reason to do this work was to draw the attention to the nurses having broad possibilities to recognize the early stages of this disorder and to influence the fate of a lot of patients. The findings did not confirm the hypothesis that the nurses working in the G.P. rooms do not have possibilities to fully use their competence or to use their new knowledge of nursing to recognize symptoms of dementia of the elderly people and to broaden awareness of healthy aging. The research confirmed the second hypothesis that the nurses in the G.P. rooms do not purposefully aim their efforts to identify the early stages of dementia. The third hypothesis was confirmed; the elderly people showed their interest in the nurse{\crq}s intervention to identify the symptoms of dementia, thus confirming their reliance in nurses{\crq} expertise. All three objectives were fulfilled. At the close of the study it was pointed out that the existing approach of the nurses in the G.P. rooms to this disorder should change, the nurses should partake in using standardised less time consuming methods to test the elderly people with a higher risk of dementia, and to broaden awareness of healthy aging and all possible ways to prevent the syndrome of dementia.
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Construct model of respire care center for older people in region Trhovosvinensko
ADAMOVÁ, Tereza
The aim of the thesis has been to propose a model relief services facility for senior citizens in the region Trhové Sviny on the basis of results of an analysis of the region{\crq}s potential and needs. The current offer of services for seniors has been identified, including the possible necessity of extending this offer by facilities providing relief services. The non-governmental organisation Borůvka, Borovany providing relief services to families with handicapped children would welcome an expansion of relief services and therefore it is likely that the project will be implemented in co-operation with this non-governmental organisation. In the theoretical part, the target group of the model facility is described first. Good knowledge of the recipients of the service {--} in this case senior citizens {--} is a basic prerequisite for creating adequate services. Furthermore, social services that are suitable for seniors are described in this part, with a special focus on relief services. The history of relief services has been mentioned, including their models, forms and the contents of these services. The family and the senior are also described here. The practical part describes the current offer of services for seniors in the region Trhové Sviny. A SWOT analysis for the proposed facility has been processed in this part. Furthermore, the characteristics of the model facility and its operation are described in detail in the practical part so that the facility could be created. This part contains the details of the project{\crq}s aim, sphere of activity, characteristics of the target group and specific description of individual services, methods and forms of work in the facility, staffing, possible sources of financing and expected expenses and the technical solution of the entire project. This thesis should serve as a manual for the implementing the new relief services facility, which should be created in the future in co-operation with the non-governmental organisation Borůvka, Borovany. Moreover, this thesis provides a complex overview of relief services in general and it may serve as full information source for the general public.
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Etiology of traumas of the locomotive apparatus sufferd by seniors and requiring acute rescue solution
HAVLOVÁ, Marie
ETIOLOGY OF TRAUMAS OF THE LOCOMOTIVE APPARATUS SUFFERED BY SENIORS AND REQUIRING ACUTE RESCUE SOLUTION The paper is focused on the research pertaining to injuries of bones, joints and muscles suffered by the senior population. The subject of the research was the injuries occurred in the past five years that were attended to by the medical rescue service. The theoretical part is focused on description of pathophysiological changes of the skeletal and the muscle system that take place at old age, and defines the basic health risk factors and further effects that may lead to injuries. The objective of the empiric part was collection of the information on whose basis the occurrence and the origin of injuries of the locomotive apparatus suffered by seniors will be defined in relation to the actions of the medical rescue service with respect to sex, and description of the household environment conditions or some other effects (such as alcohol and medicines) on occurrence of injuries of the skeleton system, based on which it will be possible to define the measures and the procedures that may be used to reduce occurrence of these types of injuries. The research was performed in the district of České Budějovice on the surveyed set of 214 informants older than 60 years. The selected set was made out on the basis of quota random selection with respect to sex. The reason for selection of this topic was the increasing proportion of actions of the medical rescue service necessitated by injuries suffered at a higher age, and the growing number of hospitalized seniors.
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Senior citizens´ opinions about how caregivers should be rewarded for their work
KRŠKOVÁ, Hana
The bachelor thesis deals with rewards given by seniors to the caregivers employed in home care service institutions. Its aim was to investigate if such rewards influence the relationship between the caregiver and the client as well as the quality of provided care. The relationship between the persons involved can influence possible acceptance of a gift, its rejection or presenting a gift. Despite the fact that both the seniors and caregivers deny any change of mutual relations after accepting a reward, there still exist certain, sometimes even negative, changes. From the point of view of the seniors such changes occur when the senior considers giving a reward to be a necessity and part of the care. On the other hand, the caregiver may feel that the relationship deteriorated after the acceptance of a reward which he or she views as too valuable, and yet is not able to reject it in an assertive way. A reward may lead to enhanced {\clqq}permeability`` along the boundary between the caregiver and the client. Some caregivers feel indebted and try to pay back the client´s favour. Thus there can be an {\clqq}unconscious`` shift in the quality of care. The caregivers admit that they sometimes do the client an extra favour which is beyond their standard duties. The thesis also deals with the ethical aspects of accepting gifts.
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The theory and an experience pastoral care of seniors
VLNATÁ, Markéta
This diploma work deals with the pastoral care of seniors in Czech Republic. It is divided into two parts {--} theoretical and practical one. I try to explain the conception of pastoral care in the first part of this work by using different opinions of several authors and then I also describe various stories of seniors´ life. In the end of this part there is also a refer to the usefulness of older generation and clues on how to keep ourselves in repair even in advanced years. I proof or refutate two hypotheses in practice in the second part {--} the first one is about bigger extention of pastoral care in houses established by the church and the second one about bigger seniors´ interest in pastoral care in houses established by the church.
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Leisure Time of Seniors
MALIŇÁKOVÁ, Věra
The work deals with leisure time of elderly people. The purpose is processing problems of leisure time by seniors focused to the Universities of the third age in Czech Republic. First is described leisure time generally. In the next part is proceed theme of aging and old age. There is defined and described periods of aging included all changes connected.. In the third part work deals with Universities of the third age as a option of meaningful exploitation leisure time. At the close are described results from the list of questions. Objective of questionary is estimation of satisfaction elderly people with study on the University of the third age, problems of this method education and effect studying to the people.
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The Institutionalized Care for Senior People in České Budějovice
FIRICOVÁ, Alena
Work deal with homes for seniors in České Budějovice. Theoretic part try clear up basic processes concerning seniors not only from look their personal life, but also circumstance, which is indirectly work. Further describes print institutional arrangement for seniors. Practical part includes characteristics and juxtaposition 3 elect arrangement: Home for seniors May, home for seniors whistled and home for seniors dead - handed. First aim was charted conditions, behind which several power arrangement offer his services, e.g . capacity arrangement, staffing, activities for seniors aj. Second aim was oriented on inquest opinion clients on administration these services, satisfaction et al. reminder, which would could positively influence quality life clients in these arrangements. Several power arrangement are different time rise, capacity aj. ,have however same endeavour about humanization life his clients. Isn't that imposition only leadership workers, but of all, who offer clients direct care.
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