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Influence of moulting on economy of layers breeding
AMEROVÁ, Veronika
Poultry breeding presents an important part of agricultural production. Its importance is growing in relation with globalization of market. Egg production is a very important part of that. After a period of stable growth of eggs production during 80{\crq}s and 90{\crq}s of last century, we can currently observe stagnation and decline of the production. Import of consumption eggs for dumping prices and very strict and difficult conditions for eggs production business in the frame of EU, seriously endanger future existence of eggs producers is the Czech Republic. The intention of each breeder of poultry for eggs production is to minimize the costs and maximize the production. An important tool for reaching this target is using the poultry for maximal possible period of time. That means for the second yielding cycle after molting. Although the yield of eggs during the second cycle is less frequent, the eggs are bigger and heavier. This method ensures costs savings in acquisition of new poultry. Any improvements during any faze of the eggs production, that would bring cost savings is highly appreciated. There was done a comparison of eggs production under the standard method and also under the method of using controlled molting and second yielding cycle. The project took three years. The key area of comparison was the ratio of expenses to production unit. ISA Brown poultry was used for the project. The objective was to verify the influence of molting to the efficiency of poultry in the second yielding cycle. I have focused on the economical results, such as average efficiency, costs intensity and realization price of eggs. The conclusion for the project is following: Controlled molting of layers is important economical tool to production costs savings. During the period of the project economical result (profit) achieved was higher for 617.414 Czk at the group of molted poultry, compared to the standard yielding group. The reasons are on the costs side, the most significant savings are: i) Acquisition of poultry (two times during the period of 3 years) ii) Lower costs of fodder iii) Costs of disinfection of breeding halls
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The impact of production processes on emission of CO2 in livestock raising
MAKRLÍKOVÁ, Kateřina
This theses fokus on the enviromental impact of livestock raising cycle (cattle, pigs and poultry). Energetical costs and emissions caused by livestock fattening are counted including processing and transport of the final product ? meat. Conventional and organic farming were compared as well as different forms of housing. SIMA Pro software tool was used for obtaining the emission load. The aim of the work was to find which form of livestock raising has the least environmental impact. This work was created in the European Union internatiponal project M00080-EUS-AT-SUKI Sustainable Kitchen focusing on the emission load of substantial links of vertical production chain.
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Functional characteristics of broiler chickens and final hybrids
VÁCHOVÁ, Petra
Poultry meat is in the range of basic human nutrition. In human nutrition has a significant position mainly due to its composition. It is especially valuable for high-quality protein. They are very easily digested and contain all the essential amino acids. Aim of this study was a comprehensive analysis of the level of commercial properties in broiler chickens and their final hybrids. The analysis can bring about recommendations for breeders in the selection of suitable hybrid combinations in our conditions. Parental self-test forms consisted of rearing parents until the age of 154 days, the laying period of 280 days and four sub-fattening progeny tests. Rearing, laying and fattening progeny took place in the hall without windows, with deep bedding with controlled lighting and air conditioning regimen. The tests were performed 4 sub-fattening progeny tests using a load of 17.2 units chickens/1m2, length of fattening period was 35 days. The data were obtained with the consent of management of the primary data a comprehensive report of international tests and parental forms of broiler fattening sub-tests carried out in the final hybrid MTD Ústrašice for the years 1995 to 2009. These tests were made by MTD and methodology based on the guidelines for the implementation of performance tests of poultry. The data obtained were classified, summarized, and then the variation statistically using STATISTICA version 6. By comparing the results obtained from the parents and fattening tests it can be stated that, overall, the best combinations were Ross 308 and Cobb 500.
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