National Repository of Grey Literature 78 records found  beginprevious69 - 78  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Heuristic algorithms in optimization
Šandera, Čeněk ; Popela, Pavel (referee) ; Roupec, Jan (advisor)
Práce se zabývá určením pravděpodobnostních rozdělení pro stochastické programování, při kterém jsou optimální hodnoty účelové funkce extrémní (minimální nebo maximální). Rozdělení se určuje pomocí heuristických metod, konkrétně pomocí genetických algoritmů, kde celá populace aproximuje hledané rozdělení. První kapitoly popisují obecně matematické a stochastické programování a dále jsou popsány různé heuristické metody a s důrazem na genetické algoritmy. Těžiště práce je v naprogramování daného algoritmu a otestování na úlohách lineárních a kvadratických stochastických modelů.
Stochastic programming models with applications
Novotný, Jan ; Michálek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Popela, Pavel (advisor)
Diplomová práce se zabývá stochastickým programováním a jeho aplikací na problém mísení kameniva z oblasti stavebního inženýrství. Teoretická část práce je věnována odvození základních přístupů stochastického programování, tj. optimalizace se zohledněním náhodných vlivů v modelech. V aplikované části je prezentována tvorba vhodných optimalizačních modelů pro mísení kameniva, jejich implementace a výsledky. Práce zahrnuje původní aplikační výsledky docílené při řešení projektu GA ČR reg. čís. 103/08/1658 Pokročilá optimalizace návrhu složených betonových konstrukcí a teoretické výsledky projektu MŠMT České republiky čís. 1M06047 Centrum pro jakost a spolehlivost výroby.
Convexity in stochastic programming model with indicators of ecological stability
Houda, Michal
We develop an optimization model dealing with construction expenses that are prescribed as a result of the EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) process. The process is an obligatory part of every large construction project and evaluates possible influences of the project to the environment, including population health, natural and other socio-economic aspects; the result of the process is a set of recommendation and arrangements the construction must meet. Our optimization model incorporates uncertainties in model parameters; we represent them through their probabilistic distribution. Furthermore, to overcome a problem with quantifying subjective utility function of ecological impacts, we measure them by so-called indicators of ecological stability. The resulting problem is stochastic programming problem formulated as (C)VaR model used traditionally in finance area. In our contribution we deal with convexity properties of this problem – these are especially important from the theoretical as well as from the computational point of view.
Using indicators of ecological stability in stochastic programming
Houda, Michal
When building bigger construction the EU law impose the so-called EIA process - evaluation of possible influences of the construction on the environment and population health, grouped into several categories. Outputs of the EIA process are recommendations to the investors compensating the negative impacts of the constructions by additional arrangements. In our contribution we develop an innovative approach to model the expenses devoted to obey the EIA rules by stochastic programming tools: especially, we represent uncertainty in parameters by their probabilistic distributions, and subjective utility function representing the ecological demands is modelled via so-called indicators of ecological stability. The model takes into account budget limitations, several legislative obligations, and other ecological aspects; the goal is to help choose the optimal compensating constructions and arrangements. The resulting stochastic programming model is seen as parallel to V@R problem.
Dependent Data in Economic and Financial Problems
Kaňková, Vlasta
Optimization problems depending on a probability measure correspond to many economic and financial applications. The paper deals with the case when an empirical measure substitutes the theoretical one. Especially the paper deals with a convergence rate of the corresponding estimates. ``Classical" results for independent samples are recalled, situations in which the case of dependent sample can be (from the mathematical point of view) reduced to independent case are mentioned. A great attention is paid to weak dependent samples fulfilling the Phi-mixing condition.
Empirické odhady a stabilita ve stochastickém programování
Kaňková, Vlasta
It is known that optimization problems depending on a probability measure correspond to many applications. It is also known that these problems belong mostly to a class of nonlinear optimization problems and, moreover, that very often an ``underlying" probability measure is not completely known. The aim of the research report is to deal with the case when an empirical measure substitutes the theoretical one. In particular, the aim is to generalize reults dealing with convergence rate in the case of empirical esrimates. The introduced results are based on the stability results corresponding to the Wasserstein metric. A relationship berween tails of one-dimensional marginal distribution functions and exponentional rate of convergence are introduced. The corresponding results are focus mainly on ``classical" type of problems corresponding to the cases with penalty and recourse. However, an integer simple recourse case and some special risk funkcionals are discussed also.
Hranice výrobních možností a stochastické programování
Chovanec, Petr
By its nature, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) leaves no room for uncertainy in data such as measurement errors. To improve this fact, we consider $alpha$-stochastic efficiency concept, and we relate this problem to the stochastic programming problem. Two types of probability inequalities are employed for introducting new criteria for efficiency.
Nová kriteria pro stochastiku DEA
Chovanec, Petr
By its nature, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) leaves no room for uncertainty in data such as measurement errors. To improve this fact, we consider a-stochastic efficiency concept, and we relate this problem to the stochastic programming problem. Probability inequalities are employed for introducing ew criteria, and two special cases for normal and for general distribution are discussed. The strengths of new criteria are illustrated with a numerical example.
Notes on approximation of stochastic programming problem
Šmíd, Martin
In stochastic optimization problems, expectation of random function is often being minimized. Since the expectation can rarely be evaluated exactly an approximation has to be done. In the present paper, three types of approximation are dealt with: discretization, Monte Carlo and Quasi Monte Carlo. Convergence rate of the approximation error is evaluated and some upper bounds of the error are given.
Stochastic models of production planning
Kříž, Pavel ; Fiala, Petr (advisor) ; Pelikán, Jan (referee)
Při plánování produkce se často můžeme setkat s nejistotou ohledně velikosti budoucí poptávky. Potom nezbývá než modelovat poptávku jako náhodnou veličinu, čímž se však modely plánování produkce stávají úlohami stochastického programování. Cílem této práce je pak prostudovat jednotlivé koncepty stochastického programování a aplikovat je na modely plánování produkce. Pozornost bude přitom věnována jak rozhodováním za rizika, kdy přesně známe rozdělení pravděpodobnosti náhodných parametrů, tak také rozhodováním za neurčitosti, kdy máme o těchto rozděleních jen částečnou informaci. Na závěr budou jednotlivé postupy demonstrovány na numerickém příkladu.

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