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The Intermediate Heat Exchanger for ESFR reactor primary circuit
Švihel, Miroslav ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Šen, Hugo (advisor)
The thesis is mainly focused on the design of the intermediate heat exchanger primary circuit of the reactor ESFR. Heat exchanger is calculated heat, hydraulic and strength and is finally processed part drawings. There are designed the basic dimensions of the tube bundle and container heat exchanger. There are included an overview of concepts and so far used types IHX at the nuclear power plants with fast reactors. There are also mentioned basic parameters of the project ESFR and evaluated the safety and operational reliability of the heat exchanger.
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Sodium - Carbon-dioxide Heat Exchangers for Sodium Cooled Fast Reactor NPP (SFR)
Foral, Štěpán ; Šimo, Tomáš (referee) ; Matal, Oldřich (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with a design of Na-CO2 heat exchanger. There is a comparison of shell and tube heat exchanger with PCHE in the first part. Further the shell and tube heat exchanger with internally finned tubes was chosen as the basic conception. There was performed an optimization of construct and operations parameters for this concept. The optimization was performed on the basis of thermal and hydraulic calculations. Further there were performed calculations for ensuring of safe operation of the heat exchanger. The conclusion of the diploma thesis deals with comparison of the designed heat exchanger with similar projects.
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Investigation of intercalation of alkaline metals in electrochromic devices
Kortyš, Petr ; Špičák, Petr (referee) ; Svoboda, Vít (advisor)
This work deals with investigation of intercalation of alkaline metals in electrochromic devices by the help of the quartz crystal microbalance method. The general aim is to investigate the influence of molar mass and resistance on properties of vanadium pentoxide and tungsten trioxide electrochromic films. The main measuring method used for investigating of interacalation of sodium and lithium ions into these films is the cyclic voltammetry. Drawn graphs reveals that sodium and lithium ions shows different qualities during intercalation, particularly in participation of solvent, therefore, in the influence of molar mass and in structural changes in the films.
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Intermediate heat exchanger natrium - natrium
Kupčík, Petr ; Martinec, Jiří (referee) ; Šen, Hugo (advisor)
This paper deals with intermediate heat exchangers in nuclear power plants. First section of this paper is devoted to analysis and divide of construction designs of intermediate heat exchangers in commercial and experimental power plants. There is a description of thermal, hydraulic and strength calculations during projection of IHX in the second chapter. There has been made a blueprint of loop type IHX in the final chapter of this paper.
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Heat exchangers Natrium - Carbon Dioxide
Foral, Štěpán ; Šimo, Tomáš (referee) ; Šen, Hugo (advisor)
This bachelor thesis describes design of heat exchanger for sodium cooled fast reactor of the IV. generation and compares the achieved solution with other realized projects. The first part deals with brief description of individual types of the nuclear reactors of the IV. generation and their main assets. There is an emphasis on the description of the sodium cooled fast nuclear reactor. The second part deals with complex design of a heat exchanger, when the initial concept is considered to be a heat exchanger with sodium on one side (warming medium) and carbon dioxide on the other side (heated medium). The core of this part is comparing individual concepts of the heat exchanger when variable construction materials are used. Furthermore there is accomplished range of heat, hydraulic and strength calculations of basic proportion of the options of the solution of the heat exchanger with work medium inside of pipes and outside of pipes. There are presented summary of the accomplished observation and comparing of the designed concept with realized similar projects in the conclusion.
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Sodium ion batteries and gel electrolytes
Gottwald, T.
This work deals with the elecdrode materials and gel electrolytes suitable for sodium-ion batteries (Na-ion batteries). In the field of electrode materials were investigated carbon materials based on CR5995 with added SUPERp or NanoTubes for better conduction end LTO material boath working on the principle of insertion of sodium ion in to the electrode material structure. Another part witch this work deals are gel electrolytes for using in this Na-ion batteries, focused on the preparation and subsequent electrochemical and conductivity characterization of gel polymer electrolytes.
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Possibilities to observe the intake of sodium in agreement with nutritional recommendations for health adults
GRUBEROVÁ, Michaela
The bachelor thesis ?Possibilities to observe the intake of sodium in agreement with nutritional recommendations for health adults? deals with the issues of sodium and iodine in human diet. One objective of the bachelor thesis was to determine whether the intake of sodium in the diet of university students corresponds to the current nutritional recommendations nad whether the content of sodium in meals prepared in university canteens corresponds to the current nutritional recommendations. Another objective was to determine whether it is possible to observe nutritional recommendations for the intake of iodine while meeting the nutritional recommendations for the intake of sodium. The research used a qualitative method. The technique used for data collection was an analysis of documents, i.e. records of eating habits of university students, frequency questionnaires and menus of university canteens. Nutritional software Nutriservis, Dietary system for hospitals II, Compiled online database of nutritional composition of foodstuffs and On-line database of foodstuff composition in the Czech Republic, version 2.11., was used to estimate the contents of sodium and iodine in food eaten by students and in meals prepared by university canteens. The estimated average daily content of sodium in diet of students from České Budějovice ranged from 1 993 to 4 807 mg and in the diet of students from Ostrava from 1 227 to 5 806 mg. The estimated average daily content of iodine in the diet of students from České Budějovice ranged from 26 to 795 ?g and in the diet of students from Ostrava from 25 to 523 ?g. The most frequent sources of sodium and iodine in the diet of students included regular bakery products, milk and dairy products, smoked goods, eggs, mineral water and edible salt. The estimated average daily content of sodium in meals prepared by the university canteen in České Budějovice ranged from 2 909 to 4 037 mg and in meals prepared by the university canteen in Ostrava from 4 397 to 6 259 mg. The estimated average daily content of iodine in meals prepared by the university canteen in České Budějovice ranged from 73 to 338 ?g and in meals prepared by the university canteen in Ostrava from 62 to 584 ?g. While meeting the nutritional recommendations for the intake of sodium, the nutritional recommendations for the intake of iodine were observed only in a few cases. Education about rational eating has been recommended, which should take place throughout the life of each individual, as well as a change in standards regulating content of salt in meals prepared by university canteens.
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Possibilities of observanceof recommendet sodium intake in accordance with nutrition recommendation for adults with type 2 diabetes
DRDOVÁ, Martina
Type 2 diabetes mellitus in the most common acquired metabolic disorder which can be characterised by the relative lack of insulin leading to the insufficient use of glucose in the organism. The general diagnostic disorder is the imbalance between secretion and effect of insulin in the glucose metabolism. Every year the registered number of people suffering from diabetes in the Czech Republic increases by 55,000. Nowadays, every fourth adult suffers from hypertension or high blood pressure. Hypertension with regard to the people with diabetes occurs twice as often as in case of healthy people. The biggest problem whitch is the main cause of high blood pressure is formed by unhealthy life style with the lack of physical activity leading to obesity, salty and fatty foods, excessive consumption of alcoholic drinks and smoking. The work is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes the characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus, its treatment and education of people with diabetes. The second part deals with the issue of sodium and hypertension in connection with diabetes. The practical part is based on qualitative research. For collecting the appropriate data, the diets, interviews and observation are used. 13 patients in the age of 48 to 69 years, 6 women and 7 men, participated in the research. Two main objectives are set in this thesis. The first one determines whether the people with type 2 diabetes observe the rules of the specific diet. The second one detects received amount of sodium in food with regard to the people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and whether this amount complies with the recommended daily amount. Two research questions are thus posed: How the patients with type 2 diabetes follow the diet? What is the amount of received sodium in the food of the people with type 2 diabetes? What is the influence of received sodium on health of these people? What is the importance of education for the people with type 2 diabetes? Both objectives were accomplished and all questions were answered. The increased reception of sodium was detected in the majority of patients. On the other hand, mineral substances found in their blood were within the standarts. However, blood preasure reading measured in eight people with diabetes increased the amount of 140/90. All the patients try to follow the diabetic diet, with exceptions, such as Christmas or Sunday visits. The education of these people with regard to diabetes can be evaluated as partially successful because weight-loss was recorded in case of nine patients, however there were no radical changes in their diets.
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