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Side Effects of Radiotherapy and Patients´ Awareness of these Effects
CHMELÍKOVÁ, Helena
Oncology diseases belong to one of the most serious worldwide health problems. Each third citizen of the Czech Republic has a malign tumour in the course of life. One of the main methods of oncology disease treatment is radiotherapy. Ionizing radiation is used for the treatment but it also brings some undesirable side effects. In the practical part I focused especially on patients´ awareness of undesirable side effects of the treatment. To gain information I elaborated a questionnaire, which was filled in by 250 patients from the whole Czech Republic. The research was anonymous for both patients and hospitals, where the research was carried out. The most of patients say that the gained information is sufficient. However, 57 per cent of patients add that they would appreciate more information from other resources, especially leaflets and the Internet. The other important part of the thesis is a leaflet which informs on radiotherapy itself and on side effects and possibilities of treatment.
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Euthanasia from the points of view of theology and ethics
BARTKOVÁ, Štěpánka
Abstract Euthanasia from the points of view of theology and ethics Key words: euthanasia, suffering, death, dying, dignity, human rights, doctor, patient, palliative medicine, hospice care, assisted suicide, religious motivation, followers, objectors of euthanasia In my thesis I am covering the topic of ?qeuthanasia??. The main objective of this paper is to introduce the reader to the problem of euthanasia from the points of view of theology and ethics. This thesis consists of theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part further consists of eleven chapters. In the first chapter, the types of euthanasia ares discussed (active, passive, prenatal, and assisted suicide). In the second chapter, the history of euthanasia is discussed in a great detail. The third chapter mainly concentrates on euthanasia in the world. The fourth chapter is about the criteria of death. In the fifth chapter, I address the questions of euthanasia and death in recent years. The sixth chapter is about the relationship between a doctor and a patient. The seventh chapter covers palliative medicine and the eighth chapter further expands on this subject with the topic of hospice care. In the ninth chapter, I pursue the point of religious motivational impact. The tenth and eleventh chapters are dedicated to the followers and objectors of euthanasia. The practical part concentrates on exploratory research. I have chosen sociological research using the methods of discussion. Here are three interviews with experts, who interact with dying individuals on a daily basis. These questioned specialists are believers and therefore the discourses are anonymous. The objective of these discussions was to uncover how professional in different facilities view the issues of euthanasia. This objective was sucessfully achieved.
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The evaluation of the oral health level at the patients using the care of the dental hygienist in comparison with the patients not using this type of treatment
KNOTKOVÁ, Nikola
My baccalaureate work deals with the activities of a dental hygienist, the significance of this profession for the oral health of patients and the awareness of this service among the population. The theoretical section of my work is focused on the tasks of a dental hygienist, the issues related to parodont disorders, examination methods, treatment phases and subsequent care. The practical section is based on two hypotheses. The research objective consists in the evaluation of the contribution of the dental hygienist profession as related to the dental hygiene standard. The evaluation of Hypothesis 1 was resulted from a secondary analysis of the data contained in the health records of patients visiting the practice of a dental hygienist and Hypothesis 2 was based on the evaluation of questionnaires fulfilled by patients of dental surgeries. Is has been confirmed that patients making use of the services of a dental hygienist tend to have a healthier parodont, unfortunately, only a small fraction of patients actually use them due to lack of information on this health service offer and on the significance of preventing the severe problem of parodont disorders. The primary purpose of the presented research was to incorporate its results into my baccalaureate work. Further, I intend to publish it in a journal for stomatologists, dental nurses and hygienists, simultaneously the results will serve for the internal purposes of dental surgeries.
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Nurse´s view on speech disorders of patiens cured from stroke
TALÁROVÁ, Libuše
This bachelor thesis deals with cerebrovascular accidents (CVA)and their serious effects on the pacient. Special attention has been paid in this thesis to speech disturbances that are the second most frequent effect of CVA. The objective of the survey was to find out whether nursing staff are informed about the speech disturbance issue, are willing to work with the client according to clinical speech therapis´ts recommendations, and whether the nursing staff have adequate conditions for work with the client. All of the objectives mentioned above have been achieved. Quantitative methods have been used for the survey, namely the analysis of the speech disturbance number to the CVA number from July 2008 to February 2009, and a questionare for the nursing staff. The survey was carried out in internal diseases and neurology departments of the Blansko Hospital. The results of investigation showed that nurses do not have information about disorders of speech and that each deparment should be designated at least one worker who was trained by clinical speech therapist and in cooperation with him, he devoted himself to the care of patients.
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Nurse and obligatory reticence
NĚMCOVÁ, Klára
This Bachelor Thesis deals with the duty of professional secrecy in the occupation of nurses, becoming acquainted with it and observing it in practice. In the theoretical part, I focused on various sources that the duty of secrecy is based on, who it concerns, exceptions from it and sanctions resulting from breaching it. Based on theoretical knowledge resulting from law, a number of ethical codes and other documents forming this duty, two questionnaires were compiled. The data obtained and processed from the questionnaire survey were used to verify the validity of three hypotheses defined. The objective of the essay was to point out the difference between theory and real life and to find out information about given matter.
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Holistic approach in nephrology out-patient care
NOVOTNÁ, Anna
This Bachelor´s work deals with the holistic approach to clients of nefrological departments.It would confront the approach of nurses with patients´ expectations. Nefrological patients are people of any age with acute or chronic renal dysfunction which needs special care of medical staff. A nefrological care is a process of planning, evaluating and special care and treatment of nefrological patients. People are cultural and spiritual beings who acquire a mind-body-spirit healing care. A holistic approach helps us get more information of clients and with it meet their mind-bodyspirit needs. The aim of this survey has been to gain information about the care and medical staff approach to patients in nefrological departments, if nurses can see mind-bodyspirit aspects in their patients. The hypotheses and research questions were set like this: Clients are not given a holistic care. The attention is not paid to mind-body-spirit needs of clients. Can nurses see clients of nefrological departments holisticly? The hypotheses assumed at the beginning were not proved. The patients of the nefrological department where I did the survey are treated holisticly and a special attention is paid to meeting mind-body-spirit requirements of the clients. The nurses of these departments can see their patients holisticly. The results of this work are really valuable and beneficial because nefrological departments are basic and important parts in the complex preparation of patients to further therapeutic methods.
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The role of a nurse in dermatology and venerology out- patient department
NOVÁKOVÁ, Tereza
The theme of my bachelor´s work is a nurse´s job in the dermatologic-venerologic outpatients´. Its object was to determine the nurse´s duty in the dermatologic-venerologic outpatients´ and the strenuousness of her work. The chapter of the current situation includes the history and the present of dermatology-venerology and the particularity of the nurse´s treatment of this specialization. It also includes anatomy and epidermis and its other organs physiology. There are analyzed nurse´s individual roles and communication importance, the most frequent nursing operations at that workplace, strenuousness of the nurse´s work, legal problems concerning the dermatology-venerology and prophylaxis of hospital infections. The qualitative investigation was conducted in the form of observation and non-standard conversation that was recorded with dictaphone and than transcribed in seven summarizations.The investigation was conducted in private surgeries of dermatologic-venerologic doctors and in the surgeries with the same problems that are associated with the ward blocks. In the summarizations there is the description of nurse´s duties that can be divided into the nursing and administrative part. There are also the particularities of the nurse´s work in the special surgery, nurse´s cooperation with the doctor and communication with the patient. This work can be used as a groundwork for teaching subject of nursing care in dermatology-venerology. The work could be used for the presentation at nursing courses or workshops.
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The care of a sickbed as a nursing problem.
PŘÍHONSKÁ, Lucie
Taking care of beds is part of nurses{\crq} everyday work. The way a bed looks influences the patient{\crq}s physical and mental state. Care of the bed involves its arrangement, exchanging used bed-linen and especially disinfection, which prevents the transfer of nosocomial infections. The objectives of the thesis was to survey the way nurses take care of beds, identify obstacles associated with the care of beds, and propose a basis for creating a standard care of beds. 3 research questions were set. Research question 1: How does the length of patients{\crq} stay on the bed depend on the frequency of its disinfection in practice? Research question 2: Do nurses consider the care of beds from the point of view of the work schedule or the patient{\crq}s comfort? Research question 3: What are the most frequent obstacles in the care of beds? The research was conducted by means of a structured observation, followed by a follow-up recording in the record sheet. An anonymous questioning was conducted to obtain results. 8 nurses present in the department took part in the observation and questioning in the course of research investigation. The research set consisted of nurses in the subsequent care of the CTM Hospital a.s. in Humpolec. The investigation results let us set hypotheses. Hypothesis 1: The overall disinfection of the bed is done after the patient is discharged from the hospital. Hypothesis 2: Nurses take care of beds according to work schedule. Hypothesis 3: An obstacle in the arrangement of the bed is the lack of clean bed-linen. The investigation results may be provided to the management of the department in which the investigation was conducted. They may result in an improvement of the care of beds. A proposal of the nursing standard of the care of beds was drawn up as the result of this investigation. This proposal may serve for unifying the care of beds in individual departments. Setting principles and the overall procedure in the care of beds.
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Nursing Care in Patients Placed on the Clinitron Beds
PINCOVÁ, Dana
The functional principle of the air bed is ``fluidization{\crqq} which is a technological procedure keeping a layer of grainy material floating by an ascending stream of air. On the dry floating pillow, the patient feels as if he were in the state of zero gravity. At the points of increased pressure, the circulation is not affected and, at the same time, the stream of dry air prevents maceration. The weight of the body is reduced and spread more effectively which decreases the risk of decubites development. Further, it helps the hygienic upkeep, dries up the burnt areas and by doing so it prevents gramnegative ifection from developing. An in-built thermostat maintains the set temperature of the bed, which can be changed according to the need of the patient. The advantages (especially theurapeutical) of the air bed are incontestable, but the bed has also its disadvantages. However, in spite of these drawbacks it brings an efficient help to the nursing staff who cannot imagine providing care without these beds anymore.
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