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The issue of drugs in surface and ground waters
Šrot, Martin ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Datel, Josef (referee)
The presented work deals with the state of research of medicinal substances in water formations of Czech Republic and in smaller ammount it deals with this issue abroad. It provides an overview of the most frequently occurring medicinal substances and methods for their detection and also describes the possible sources of pollution and impact of these substances on the environment. Keywords: ground water, surface water, drugs, contamination
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Metody analýzy hydrochemických dat v prostředí statistického softwaru na příkladu modelového území Novohradska
BERNASOVÁ, Tereza
The aim of the diploma thesis was a statistical evaluation of the impact of farming methods and the land cover on hydrochemical parameters of surface waters. The area for the evaluation is located in Novohradsko and consist of lower and upper parts of the basin of Vackovy potok and a lower part of Pasecky potok. The area was chosen to include different landscape managements (arable soil, forest and meadows). Due to this fact, it is possible to compare the impact of the management on values of the chosen hydrochemical parameters, which were conductivity, N NO3-, TOC, NL105 and the outflow. Based on the results, it is possible to say that the surface waters from the intesively farmed part of the basin of Vackovy potok have the higher values of all chosen parameters compared to the forest basin or the meadow basin. There was a trend of the increase of the outflow and the values N NO3- in the surface waters always one day after a heavy rainfall. Overall, it is possible to claim that the arable soil has reduced abilities of the retention. This is supported by the large water drainage from the agricultural area.
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Interaction of surface water and groundwater og Luznice River
Slabá, Zdenka ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Datel, Josef (referee)
This thesis is a part of a project run by The Department of Geography, Faculty of Science in Charles University in Prague. This project deals with processes in floodplains of the Lužnice, the Stropnice and the Blanice rivers. The research in the floodplain of the Lužnice started in the year 2008 and is focused on the interaction between groundwater and surface water. The monitored territory it is situated to the south of a locality called Halámky and its area is 0,6 km2. In this thesis mainly the outputs of the research were elaborated. The highlighted points were the interpretation of the groundwater level behaviour, the groundwater streaming orientation in the area and interaction between groundwater and surface water. The outputs of this thesis can be used in the next stages of the project.
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Anomalous occurences of arsenic in natural waters in the Czech Republic
Rodovská, Zuzana ; Drahota, Petr (advisor) ; Redlich, Aleš (referee)
This bachelor thesis reviews the data on the distribution of arsenic in surface and underground natural waters of the Czech Republic. In addition the thesis focuses on the occurrence of anomalous arsenic concentrations and tries to detect sources of arsenic contamination. Results of the thesis suggest high quality of the surface and groundwater in the Czech Republic with respect to arsenic. Its anomalous concentrations in the natural waters in Czech Republic have been rarely documented only in areas with strong anthropogenic impact and in areas affected by historical mining operations. Keywords: Arsenic, toxicity, contamination, surface water, groundwater, Czech Republic
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Monitoring of selected drugs in surface water
Langová, Jana ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Křenková, Marcela (referee)
This literature review based on recent works, deals with surface water above all river water, focusing on occurrence and detected concentration of pharmaceuticals. Targeted substances were selected according to four moulds: consumption in the Czech Republic - Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, resistance in the environment - antiepileptic carbamazepin, possible environmental risks - estrogens and according to published findings of these drugs. The occurrence of pharmaceuticals was not only note in the surface water but in the drinking water too. Through this review, it appears that the pharmaceutical risk must be considered. Key words: PPCPs, pharmaceuticals, surface water, NSAIDs, carbamazepin, estrogens
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The effect of dump waters on the quality of surface stream in Czech Republic
Samšuková, Eva ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Křenková, Marcela (referee)
A landfill leachate is a chemical solution generated in the waste materials that are dumped in a landfill. According to the increasing amount of waste produced worldwide the risk that leachate water gets out of a landfill and contaminates with contained pollutants surrounding environment, e.g. nearby surface water, rises. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the effect that leachates have to surface water in the Czech Republic. The research was built on primary data that had been obtained in several landfills in the Czech Republic. Important sources were also obtained through the secondary literature. Possible influence of leachates is also outlined by chemical calculating illustrating a hypothetical situation of leaking landfill water to a stream. My research showed that the impact of landfill water on surface water presents a great risk. It can occur during ordinary operations of the landfill operations - due to instable technical installation or due to dumping waste with a different extract conditions, but also as a consequence of extraordinary situations (e. g. storms). Surface water is mostly polluted with heavy metals, chlorides or nitrogen in variety of its forms. High concentration of organic matters is also detected by COD and BOD indicators. Exceeding legal limits threatens the whole surface...
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Ecohydrological survey of river habitat quality - application to study area of the Zbytinsky brook catchment
Bímová, Tereza ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Tátosová, Jolana (referee)
Eco-hydrology represents a new approach to managing and protection of water bodies. Creates a new option of protection, revitalization and use rivers. Essential components in assessing the quality of streams are biological, hydromorphological and physical-chemical elements. This study is mainly focused on the review of the ecohydrological research in the upper Blanice river basin. Introduction is short overview of the current valid legislation of the European Union and the Czech Republic which creates a basic framework for assessing the ecological quality of streams. The aim is to summarize existing knowledge and assessment of surface water quality in terms of chemistry based on available data. The territories concerned are catchments of Zbytinský stream and Tetřívčí stream.
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Photochemical formation of the low-molecular-weight organic acids
KOVAŘÍKOVÁ, Michaela
This thesis deals with photochemical decomposition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface waters. Intermediate products were identified using HPLC separation technique and the kinetics of formation and decomposition was modeled in a system unaffected by the presence of bacteria. The influence of various factors such as pH and age of DOM was tested.
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Influence of fishpond and agricultural management on the character of outflowing water from the model catchment of Hamerský stream
VLKOVÁ, Dana
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to find out the differences in chemical and physical parameters of water samples from the Hamerský grook. These samples were taken during the year 2015 from forest, agricultural and fish farming landscape. Measured parameters were: conductance, pH; KNK4,5; NO3-N; PO4-P ; N; organic C and other insoluble substances. Based on the results of samples from forest landscape the lowest values of pH; KNK4,5 and insoluble substances. The highest values of NO3-N were determined in results from agriculture landscape. The maximal values of the most measured parameters were detected at sample collection site "under the Ratmírov lake", especially insoluble substances.
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Management of agricultural landscape and its impact on ion concentrations in running water
MIKEŠOVÁ, Aneta
The aim of this thesis was to compare chemical and physical parameters of surface water drainage patterns in Novohradské mountains and identify the possible impact of agriculture on the values of these parameters. Were used data for 2015 and 2016. Sampling sites include agriculturally cultivated land, but also forest ecosystems. The work is mainly focused on the following parameters: conductivity, pH, alkalinity, NO3-N and PO4-P, which are parameters causing eutrophication of water. The difference between the upper closures flows in forest ecosystems and lower closures flows near the agriculturally cultivated land has been contradictory. Conductivity values clearly showed that agricultural activity deteriorating water quality because conductivity at lower closures flows was sometimes three times higher than conductivity in the forest ecosystems, but for example, the value of PO4-P concentrations were higher at the upper closures flows, ie in forest ecosystems.
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