|
|
Phytoremediation:biochemical characteristics of heavy metal hyperacumulators
Lábusová, Jana ; Lipavská, Helena (advisor) ; Podlipná, Radka (referee)
Water and soil pollution by heavy metals is a very serious problem of nowadays. Since the beginning of industrial revolution, the concentration of heavy metals increased sharply in the environment. One way how to decontaminate soils and groundwaters is phytoremediation that uses plants to remediate pollutants from the contaminated sites. This eco-friendly and cost- effective method exploits the ability of plants to take up, translocate, transform and sequester metals. In phytoremediation, the plants that are able to accumulate metals to high concentration are mainly used. These plants are named "hyperaccumulators". Accumulation of metals by plants is affected not only by the capability of plant in question, but to a great extend also by the form and concentration of metal in the soil and environmental conditions. The aim of this Bachelor thesis is to summarize knowledge on impact of heavy metals on biochemical changes in plants, with special emphasis on changes in carbohydrate metabolism.
|
|
|
Impact of nitrogen on accumulation of Cs by Calla palustris
Benediktová, Eva ; Komínková, Dana (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
This work deals with the evaluation of Calla palustris utilization for phytoremediation and clarifying how nitrogen influences the uptake of cesium from aqueous solution. The plants were subjected to nitrogen exposure, which consisted of five different concentrations of NH4+ and NO3- and 0.5 mM CsCl, for eight days. The greatest amount of cesium (13.5%) accumulated the plants without the addition of nitrogen, the smallest amount accumulated plants with concentrations of 6: 3 (3.9%), 8: 4 (3.6%) and 10: 5 NH4NO3: NH4Cl (3.5%). Calla has proved to be suitable for phytoremediation, however with the need for longer exposure. Besides these main hypotheses it has been moreover shown that the state of plants affected the uptake of cesium and that nitrogen influenced the condition of the plant. Further it has not been observed noticeable difference in uptake of cesium in roots and stems with leaves.
|
|
|
Impact of potassium on accumulation of Cs by Calla palustris
Poláková, Monika ; Komínková, Dana (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
Environmental contamination with radionuclides is a growing problem in the world. Phytoremediation seems to be a suitable method for the removal of radionuclides from the environment. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of potassium on accumulation of stable isotope 133Cs and evaluate the suitability of plant species Calla palustris for phytoremediation. Plants were grown in a water solution in a greenhouse and after one week of pre-cultivation were exposed to stable isotope 133Cs (0,5 mM CsCl). Potassium was added in five various concentrations in the form of K2SO4. The level of cesium in plants was measured after 8 days of exposition. Plants without added potassium absorbed the most cesium (11,52 %). Plants with the highest concentration of added K2SO4 10 mM (3,45 %), 5 mM (3,62 %), 2 mM (5,57 %) absorbed the least. Higher 133Cs accumulation was measured in the plant roots than in the above- ground plant parts. Total uptake of cesium by Calla palustris suggests the possibility to use Calla palustris for phytoremediation.
|
|
|
Exprese transgenu bphC u ječmene
Sedlářová, Kateřina
Polychlorinated biphenyls are toxic organic compounds, characterized by a low degradability in the environment and accumulation in the food chain. This is the reason, why decontamination of soils polluted with such substances is very important issue for today's society. Decontamination of areas infected by PCBs is very complicated due to its physical and chemical characteristics. Appropriate decontamination method is phytoremediation, which is used for removing polychlorinated biphenyls by natural processes of plants. Using the transformation of plants can increase the efficiency of phytoremediation. The thesis has been investigated in expression of remediation gene bphC/His at T2 generation of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), variety Golden Promise at the DNA, RNA and protein levels. Expression of the transgene was detected using PCR, real-time PCR and Western blot. To obtain dihaploid homozygous plants of spring barley, variety Golden Promise containing a phytoremediation gene bphC/His was used anther cultures technique. In the thesis were choosed plants from the T2 generation, showing the presence of the inserted gene to test the ability of transgenic plants to accumulate polychlorinated biphenyls.
|
|
|
Změny metabolomu slunečnice roční vlivem těžkých kovu - nový ukazatel účinnosti fytoremediačních technologií
Kryštofová, Olga
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the possibility of using sunflower for phytoremediation technologies of soil polluted with over-limiting concentrations of heavy metals. Helianthus annuus L.was selected for our experiments due to its phytoremediation properties. As heavy metals, cadmium, which is abundantly contained in fertilizers, lead, of which concentrations in the environment greatly increased thanks to the using of leaded fuels, and silver, which can be considered as an environmental issue due to its using in nanotechnology, were used. Changes in the activities of chosen enzymes (ALT, AST, urease), concentrations of specific peptides (GSH, GSSG, PC) and the ability to receive and distribute heavy metals were used to evaluate the suitability of plants for phytoremediation purposes.
|
|
|
Influence of soil properties on mobility of selected risk elements in the soil and some methods of their decontamination
BEDRNÍČEK, Jan
Development of society and the increasing population of the planet are related to the increasing discharge of wastes and pollutants. These include heavy metals. Purpose of this bachelor´s thesis is to briefly clarify behaving of lead, cadmium and mercury in the soil; it means content, forms, mobility, sorption and its influencing factors and their impact on the animal and plant organism. This thesis also gives a wider view on the issue of decontamination techniques with focusing on bioremediation and mainly phytoremediation with the use of plant hyperaccumulators.
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Phytoremediation of soils contaminated with some heavy metals
DOUŠEK, Štěpán
The problem of soil contamination with heavy metals and subsequent decontamination requires more attention. It is necessary to determine the methods to be environmentally friendly while also effective. This thesis offers a broader perspective on the various techniques with special emphasis on phytoremediation. The reference to the metal cadmium.
|
|
| |
guest ::
