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Applicability of Mass spectrometry ( MALDI-TOF ) to classification and differentiation of other bacteria from genus Enterobacteriacae. Identification and incidence of Serovars Salmonela Enteritidis in matter from Synlab Č.B.
WIMMEROVÁ, Zuzana
The aim of my bachelor thesis, are diagnostics and presence of genus Salmonella. Salmonella is a relatively common cause of diarrheal disease, which occurs in our country very often. Reason to choose this topic? Diagnostics of salmonella is very difficult because of the possibility of confusion with other bacteria of Enterobacteriaceae family and large number of Salmonella serotypes. I wanted to compare the methods that are used to diagnose Salmonella and detect the best method for laboratories in term of time, financial, but also which method is the most accurate. The variety of diagnostic possibilities were also on of the key elements in decision making. This bachelor thesis is divided into two major sections. The first section deals with the literary searchers related to the genus Salmonella. In the theoretical part I described prokaryotic cell. That is difficult because according to cell membrane we differentiate gram positive and gram negative bacterium. It will facilitate the identification of bacterium. Then I dealt with Kauffmann - White's scheme, by which are distinguish the deferent serotypes of the genus Salmonella. This scheme is very important in terms of diagnosis and classification of serotype. After that follows dividing of the genus Salmonella according the infection types.I dealt with genus Salmonella, which can infect humans and animals. I mentioned about salmonellas disease. Thereafter was solved incidence of genus Salmonella, way of spreading, etc. In the last chapter was mentioned the treatment of salmonellosis. I introduced a simple listing of known antibiotics and drugs used to treat salmonella. I also noted known medicament Endiaron, which is convenient and has no side effects. The second part is dedicated to methodology, summarizing the procedure to be used by determination of salmonella. Here are present all parts of the laboratory research, beginning pre-analytical parts, such as the collection and transport. Then follow the laboratory and post laboratory part. The largest part is the laboratory part, in which are cultivation, biochemical method. There is something about MALDI TOFF and biochemical characterization. The aim of this work was to compare the method MALDI TOFF with other biochemics methods at determination the genus Salmonella. The best solution in diagnosis of salmonella is in my opinion a device MALDI TOFF, which is the fastest method in comparison with the slide agglutination and number of biochemics API 20E and biochemical wedge. The next aim of my work was to find out occurrence of genus Salmonella in a all seasons. I have found out, that's the most by found serotype is Salmonella Enteritidis, next is Salmonella Montevideo, and then close behind Salmonella Typhimurium. Salmonella Enteridis appeared in material synlab czech,s.r.o. 601 times total. Salmonella Typhimurium appeared in material synlab czech,s.r.o. 31 times total and Salmonella Montevideo 13 times. Overall I computed 701 tribes for year 2013. Also I also looked at the "exotic" serotypes that were imported here in my opinion from a tourist's destinations with lower levels of hygiene. The highest incidence was in the fall (September, October, November) - 268 tribes. The second most frequent occurrence was in sommer months (June - August). In this cases was diagnosed 224 salmonella in total. In the winter there were 124 genus and in spring there were 105. The most frequent occurrence was surpisingly in September - in total 128. The less result was measured in March with count of 24 genuses.
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Mass spectrometry in lipidomics
Cvačka, Josef
Current approaches of analytical chemistry in lipidomics based on mass spectrometry and chromatography are discussed in detail. Examples of qualitative, quantitative and imaging approaches are given.
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Determination of the fatty acids composition in selected hardened fats
JANEŠÍKOVÁ, Kristina
The aim of this work is to get oneself acquainted with the method of spectrum evaluation of fatty acids in hardened fats by means of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The theoretical part deals with information concerning the types of lipids, their compositions, properties of fatty acids especially in oils and hardened cooking fats and with basic information regarding the methods of oil hardening. This part is concentrated on the evaluation method of fatty acids by means of gas chromatography with the use of gualitative using the mass spectrometry. The fatty acids were evaluated in some commercially available fats (Albert, Ceres Soft, Iva, Lando, Lira, Omega, Varoma). Palmitic acid (hexadecane acid) was represented in the highest proportion in all fats, it was 36-45.5%, frequently represented was also oleic acid (cis-octadec-9-ane) with its 32.2-39%. The last of the more frequently represented acids is the linoleic acid (cis, cis-octadeca-9.12-diene) with its 7.7% to 10.5%. A lower amount of the linoleic acid is contained in the Albert fat, where it is represented with 4.5% only. Interesting is the content of acids being typical for milk fat of ruminants, it includes the caprylic acid (octane), capric acid (decane) and lauric acid (dodecane) and the content of trans-acids. The hardened Albert fat has the highest content of trans-acids, they occupy 23.4% of the product. On the base of this result it can be deducted that this product has probably a lower quality than other ones. In comparison with other fats, the content of acid typical for milk fakt is higher in the Lando and Iva fats. This results indicate the milk fat was probably added in these products during the production. In the time period of one year no considerable changes in the composition of selected hardened fats were registered, however, from the long termed point-of-view, there is an evident marked alternation in the composition of the Ceres Soft and Omega hardened fats being accompanied with a basic decrease of trans-acids.
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