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Zhodnocení provozu komunální kompostárny
Bystřický, Ondřej
This bachelor thesis is thematically focused on issues of aerobic treatment of biologically degradable waste and the methods which are used to handle them. The goal is to provide comprehensive overview regarding the findings in the fields of technology of composting, with focus on selected theory used in practice. In the selected facility, the Central composting plant in Brno, their method of handling bio waste is described in detail from the input of initial material to the finished products.
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Kompostování biologicky rozložitelných odpadů v kompostárně ve Veverských Knínicích
Veselá, Jana
This thesis deals with the issues of biodegradable waste and composting. It contains several parts. The first part relates to legislation, legal regulations, different ways of dealing with biodegradace waste and composting and anaerobic digestion. In this work, a few of the basic concepts stemming from the Law of Waste were also explained, such as the concept of waste, biodegradable waste, biodegradace comunnal waste, restoration, community composting, biogas plant and so on. The next part is focused on waste management of biodegradace waste in Veverské Knínice, describe the process of establishment of composting area, charakteristics composting in composting area and especially description and implementation of the experiment samples of compost in laboratory, where one test sample is directly from composting area and one sample is from the garden. Finally data was also considered and compared.
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Kompostování biologicky rozložitelných odpadů v domácích podmínkách
Partlová, Zuzana
This thesis deals with composting of biodegradable waste at home. It describes legislation and ways of dealing with biodegradable waste. It focuses on composting especially at home conditions. The thesis deals with phytotoxicity too. Practical part of this thesis describes realization of experiment, which means founding the compost pile, monitoring the progress of the composting process. These parameters were measured during process of composting: weather information, temperature, humidity and pH of the compost pile. After composting process sample of compost was taken and tested with Phytotoxikit to measure phytotoxicity.
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Hodnocení kompostu vznikajícího na skládce odpadů Kuchyňky
Houdková, Lenka
Master s thesis deals with a topic Evaluation of compost produced at the landfill Kuchyňky in the literary section deal composting and other methods of disposal of biodegradable waste. The practical part is described Zdounky composting plant, which is located at the closed part of the body waste dump in the municipality Kitchens. Following evaluation of compost samples collected in the months of April to September 2015. The experiment was carried out according to the modified standard DIN EN 13432 Appendix E, which deals with the determination of ecotoxicological effects on higher plants. The conclusion contains a discussion, which compares the results.
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Analýza půdní organické hmoty v kambizemi modální po šesti letech každoročního hnojení zemědělským a komunálním kompostem
BROUČKOVÁ, Vlasta
Organically overfertilization cambisoil modal after conversion to kultizem horticka was further fertilized in version P compost industry (communal) and version H compost humus (agricultural) containing 13,72% of humus and 22,78% of the primary organic matter over a period of 6 years dose 50 t / ha annually. Fertilization with an actual compost H in organically fertilized soil reflected not only by increasing the ion exchange capacity of the soil, but also a significant improvement of water regime of soil, manifested by a quarter greater ability to maintain the water in the soil and 44% lower amount of water, physiologically ineffective.
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Hluk z kompostáren
KRAUS, Ladislav
First part of this bachelor thesis is focused on composting, composting facility, utilization of compost, noise and spreading of noise. Second part is focused on measurement of noise in composting facility near the town of Dobřany.
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Use of composts and vermicomposts and their extracts together with bioffectors for growing of plants.
Bouček, Jiří ; Tlustoš, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this project will be to determine the influence of conditions during composting and vermicomposting of biodegradable waste of organic matter on physical-chemical properties of compost and vermicompost extracts. From this point of view mainly the content of basic nutrients and humin substances will be monitored and also the possible content of risk elements. In the same purpose the presence of different types of microorganisms in these extracts will be investigated and the enzyme activity of microorganisms in their extracts will be also determined. The extracts will be simultaneously prepared under aerobic and unaerobic conditions in different portion among the organic matter and its leachate and each sample variants will be compared to above conditions. The real effect of extracts applied on grown plants or into a soil including the fungicide effect of sample extracts during pot experiments will be reported. The effect of extracts will be also compared with commercial bioeffectors.
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Černý, David ; Malaťák, Jan (advisor) ; Mašek, Jiří (referee)
Organic wastes represent available replacement for crops grown specifically for biofuel production. However, the combustion of solid biofuels is often accompanied by technical problems. Biofuels made of organic wastes require the source of which do not contain hazardous substances that could be their combustion in simple combustion sources came into the atmosphere as emissions.
This thesis is focused on the assessment of technical and operational parameters of small combustion plants while burning biofuels and also of the measurement of emission concentrations of CO and NOX in the flue gas and its subsequent analysis. Samples were selected as solid fuel in the form of a lump, briquettes and pellets made from advanced materials. Incineration was realized in the fireplace with a grate furnace and automatic stove.
The bark briquettes could appears to be a suitable substitution for coal or wooden briquettes, and during combustion in grate emission concentrations of CO were achieved with a value of 560.8 +/- 98.9 mg.m-3,on the contrary NOX levels were relatively high
1 193.6 +/- 141.7 mg.m-3. In case of this work, when using the furnace the briquettes were made from compost , whose emission levels are higher: CO 1 487.8 +/- 418.8 mg.m-3, NOx levels were somewhat lower 330.8 +/- 26.3 mg.m-3 than the briquettes bark.
An experimental sample of sewage sludge, which has been modified by hydrothermal carbonisation, was burned on the grate furnace and the measured emission levels for CO
1 493.3 +/- 237.3 mg.m-3 and NOX levels 544.8 +/- 20.2 mg.m-3, positive because it was achieved the rated output of the combustion equipment and the heat of combustion of the sample is very low 12.61 MJ.kg-1.
The most efficient combustion of 80.8 +/- 2,7 % was achieved using automatic stove, during burning waste wood pellets certificate ENplus A1, the very low levels of emission and a very low emission levels for CO with a value of 117.5 +/- 14.4 mg.m-3 and values NOX
110.3 +/- 2.9 mg.m-3 were measured. Following experiments on this device were intended to increase the efficiency of a combustion plant by installing a hot-air heat exchanger and preheating combustion air. Method with preheating combustion air caused an increase in the emission concentration of CO.
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Barriers of compost use in horticulture
Vávrová, Michaela ; Habart, Jan (advisor)
The Master's thesis describes the components for the production of horticultural substrates. Assesses emerging processing especially composts biodegradable waste and compares them with the peat, which is currently the most widely utilized by us. It deals with the question of the disposal of the unused potential of compost to produce of peat-free substrates, which can reduce the burden on the environment caused by the landfilling, to increase the fertility of the soil and above all function and retrench the use of peat, which is very difficult to renewable source. He compares the quality and usability of the compost in the selected waste treatment plants and suggests the path to more intensive use for horticultural purposes.
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Heat-emission characteristics of the energy compost for small combustion plants
Bučinský, Václav ; Malaťák, Jan (advisor) ; Bradna, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to get acquainted with the problems of biological and energetic use of compost. Emphasis is placed on the technology and features of the energy compost, which is intended for combustion, gasification or pyrolysis. The work presents characteristic properties and composition of solid biofuels. There are characterized pollutants, including hazardous properties. There are also mentioned legislative conditions, particularly in the area of emission limits and fuel quality in terms of air protection. Further, a description of the main design features of a small grate combustion plants.
The second part of the thesis contains a comprehensive analysis (elemental, stoichiometric, heat emission and economic) of selected samples of solid biofuels. Based on the analysis, the samples were evaluated and assessed whether they comply with emission standards and fuel quality requirements in terms of legislation. Analyzed fuels have been characterized and it has been proposed the use of appropriate energy for small combustion facilities.
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