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The control of weeds in maize stand (\kur{Zea mays L.})
VANĚK, Robert
Some of weeds have disappeared owing to the plant production specialization; some of them have become more resistive. Those weeds have taken significant role due to its danger and frequency of presence. The thesis is mainly focused on description of biology and morphology of weeds, possibilities of weeds spread and weed control. Methods of mechanical and chemical regulation are described based on these facts. The experiments, which were carried on maize, determined the effect of selected herbicide and its active substance on weed control. Following precautions, which were suggested, have led to successful suppression of specific significant weeds.
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Ways to control Silky bent grass in cereals stands
ORNA, Vítězslav
Currently, weeds are the most problematic group of harmful agents in the plant protection. A major problem are the weed species resistant to herbicides, minimize soil preparation and increasing the proportion of winter cereals in the crop rotation. Among the species represented with large increase in our fields belongs silki-bent grass (Apera spica-venti L.). For this reason, was found an herbicidic attepmt in cereals and research the number of weeds and effectiveness of herbicides against the weeds on the individual checkpoints .
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Methods of weed control on perennial grassland
ONDRÁK, Aleš
The control of perennial weed species, which grow on permanent grass growths, is an increasing problem for the farmers. Their regulation is very difficult and expensive. Farmers should primarily focus on avoiding weed to excess. This expresses the need of finding cheap and advantageous regulations that will be able to prevent weed from excessing. The aim of this work is to contribute to the expansion of the knowledge about the appropriate regulatory precaution and the possibilities of its usage. There were observed the most represented weed species on permanent grass growth in ZD Třebelovice. Mostly, the land sorrel and dandelion medical Hinoki were found. Also, the influence of mowing on the presence of perennial weed species and the influence of chosen herbicide application were observed.
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Výzkum škodlivých činitelů rostlin zaměřený na spolehlivou diagnostiku‚ na hodnocení stupně odolnosti rostlin a na preventivní a kurativní ochranná opatření
Výzkumný ústav Silva Taroucy pro krajinu a okrasné zahradnictví, Průhonice ; Vejsadová, Hana ; Šedivá, Jana ; Vanc, Pavel ; Kloudová, Kateřina ; Meterlík, Josef
Zpráva obsahuje zprávy z dílčích projektů: 0411 Výzkum, monitoring a diagnostika vybraných virů a virům podobných organismů okrasných rostlin, 0421 Kontrola zdravotního stavu shromážděného genofondu okrasných rostlin a dřevin, vypracování preventivních a kurativních ochranných opatření proti závažným chorobám, škůdcům a poškozením, 0422 metody regulace plevelů ve výsadbách dřevin, 0431 Sledování a sumarizace škodlivých činitelů jako predispozičních faktorů zhoršujícího se zdravotního stavu některých dřevin a hodnocení stupně odolnosti vybraných taxonů k nejzávažnějším škodlivým činitelům, 0441 Využití metody meristémového množení in vitro v kombinaci s termoterapií pro ozdravení vybraných druhů rostlin od virových infekcí a metody mikropropagace in vitro pro klonové namnožení vybraných rezistentních taxonů.
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Výzkum škodlivých činitelů rostlin zaměřený na spolehlivou diagnostiku‚ na hodnocení stupně odolnosti rostlin a na preventivní a kurativní ochranná opatření
Výzkumný ústav Silva Taroucy pro krajinu a okrasné zahradnictví, Průhonice ; Vejsadová, Hana ; Šedivá, Jana ; Vanc, Pavel ; Kloudová, Kateřina ; Meterlík, Josef
Zpráva obsahuje zprávy z dílčích projektů: 0411 Výzkum, monitoring a diagnostika vybraných virů a virům podobných organismů okrasných rostlin, 0421 Kontrola zdravotního stavu shromážděného genofondu okrasných rostlin a dřevin, vypracování preventivních a kurativních ochranných opatření proti závažným chorobám, škůdcům a poškozením, 0422 metody regulace plevelů ve výsadbách dřevin, 0431 Sledování a sumarizace škodlivých činitelů jako predispozičních faktorů zhoršujícího se zdravotního stavu některých dřevin a hodnocení stupně odolnosti vybraných taxonů k nejzávažnějším škodlivým činitelům, 0441 Využití metody meristémového množení in vitro v kombinaci s termoterapií pro ozdravení vybraných druhů rostlin od virových infekcí a metody mikropropagace in vitro pro klonové namnožení vybraných rezistentních taxonů.
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Position of hemp (\kur{Cannabis sativa}) in plant protection
HRDLIČKOVÁ, Helena
Cannabis sativa is a useful fibre, oil and energy plant that could be replace lot of synthetic row materials, whose production pollutes the environment. The aim of this work was to summarize the information about the occurrence of pets, diseases and weeds in the hemp stand and the possibilities of protection against them, together with information about the competitive and allelopathic characteristics of hemp and possibilities of hemp utilization in the plant protection. Though the spectrum of disease and pests is wide, until now the economics losses caused by harmful organisms are very low. Mycocentrospora cantuariensis is a potentially dangerous disease, until now this species was obserwedy on hop. Phytophtora cactorum and Septoria neocanabina belong to the new occured species. From the pests fleahopper (Psylliodes attenuata), cannabis louse (Phorodon cannabis) and european corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) could be the cause of the important yield losses. The hemp stand is able to suppress the weed growth due to quick development. The self-protection of hemp consists the secretion of canabinoids and volatile terpenoids, that protect not only the hemp plants but partially also neighbouring plants. These compounds and also mixed cultivation of hemp with other plants could be a new advanced tool in the plant protection.
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Regulation ways of Scentless weed apperance
BEČVÁŘ, Stanislav
It is spoken about persistentent weed called Scentless Mayweed in this graduation theses, whose became more expandable hand in hand with gradual passage of some companies to the minimisational methods of the soil processing. The biology and morfology of Scentless Mayweed is described in this theses, so as gadgetries of his diffusion and on this priciples of this knowledge the weedy si discussed. There are many methods of feedback control described {--} mechanical so as chemical and its subseqent economical evaluatin and its matching. This issue tries to clear up why the stress of this weed on arable crop is so hard, why it is so successful weed at the point of wiew of competitive relations and what sort of mechanisms are used. At the advances that were show round in Kluky in former Písek county it was found out the influence of the herbicides and subsequently the remedial measures for weed control were accepted.
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Biology and control of Matricaria recutita
PEŠEK, Martin
Thesis deals with the biology of the Matricaria recutita, its usefulness, by extension, harm, and especially the regulation of its occurrence. The aim of this work is to contribute to improving knowledge of this species. The thesis presents a comprehensive overview of reproduction, importance, harm, relationship to cultural crops and control weeds with a focus on biology and control of Matricaria recutita. They proposed appropriate measures to control and use of plants in practice.
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Biology of Matricaria chamomilla and possibilities of its usage
VOZÁBOVÁ, Tereza
Essay is focused on biology of Matricaria chamomilla especially concerning its noxious influence like weeding in cultural plants and its important role not only like medicinal plant but also for other reasons. In the summary you could find schedule of weeds and its significance (in the positive or in the negative way). In addition this part describes the relationship to so called "cultural flora" and the development of the plants. Practical part is intended on the observation of the generative way of the reproduction, reproductive possibilities, physiology and finally the density of weeding of another plant communities.
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Biology Taraxacum officinale-dandelion and possibilities of its usage.
ŠLAHŮNKOVÁ, Jiřina
Essay is focused on biology of Taraxacum officinale-dandelion especially concerning its noxious influence like weeding in cultural plants and its important role not only like medicinal plant but also for other reasons. In the summary you could find schedule of weeds and its significance (in the positive or in the negative way). In addition this part describes the relationship to so called "cultural flora" and the development of the plants. Practical part is intended on the observation of the generative way of the reproduction, reproductive possibilitiess, physiology and finally the density weeding of another plant communities.
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