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Dealing with presentment in practice of choosen KHS Czech Republic and the issue of extraordinary events related to the methanol scandal.
LEŠTINOVÁ, Jana
In my master thesis, I have been mapping the work of regional hygiene stationswhile solving problems and providing services during exceptional situations in the methanol cause. For the practical part, I have decided to use the combination of the quantitative and the qualitative type of research. To gather the data, I have created a questionnaire that was composed of five open-ended questions. I have used an electronic way of distributing the questionnaire to all of the 14 regional hygiene stations of the Czech Republic. Unfortunately, there were only three hygiene stations that provided the needed data. The three participating hygiene stations were: KHS of South Bohemia region residing in ČeskéBudějovice, KHS of Vysočina region residing in Jihlava, and KHS of West Bohemia region residing in Plzeň. The secondary analysis of data was used to analyze and evaluate the given answers. For the needs of questionnaire examination, there has been created another questionnaire. It was composed of 14 closed questions that were mainly related to the knowledge and attitude of respondents to the given topic. All of the 206 respondents were residents of South Bohemia region. The questionnaire was posted on several internet web pages, and the research took place from March 2014 to July 2014. I have set several goals of the research. The first goal was to discover the number of incentives to be solved that were accepted by the three participating hygiene stations between the years 2008 and 2013. During the past six years, KHS of South Bohemia region, KHS ofVysočina region, and KHS of West Bohemia region experienced the growing trend in the number of incentives accepted. The lowest number of incentives accepted in KHS of South Bohemia region was in 2009, in KHS of Vysočina region in 2009 and 2010, and in KHS of West Bohemia in 2011. On the other hand, the highest number of incentives was experienced by all hygiene stations during the year 2013, and the number was significantly higher than in previous years. Another goal was to discover the number of alcohol accepted by KHS of South Bohemia during the methanol cause, the number of alcohol tested, and also the proportion of harmful alcohol that contained either methanol of isopropanol. In the South Bohemia region, there were 670 samples being tested during December 2012. Out of the 670 samples, there were 16 harmful samples, as 11 of them got over the technological limit of isopropanol contained, and 5 of methanol contained. Part of the master thesis was also to map the awareness of South Bohemia region residents of the methanol cause, and tolearn about their estimation on being able to recognize harmful alcohol by themselves without having it tested. The results have shown that 206 people which is equal to 100% of respondents were aware of methanol cause, and that they had at least basic information about it. 45 (22 %) respondents believed that they were able to recognize harmful alcohol by themselves, and 53 (26 %) respondents did not know about the possibility of having the alcohol tested by the hygiene stations. Out of all 153 well-informed respondents, only 3 (2 %) had their alcohol tested. The last goal of my master thesis was to discover the residents' opinion on hygiene stations. Concretely, I wanted to determine whether respondents would use a guide on how to report a complaint or an incentive. 100 % (206) of respondents have agreed on the fact that it would be useful if such a guide would be present on the web pages of each hygiene station. The research has also shown that 203 (99 %) respondents have answered that they assume that state administration bodies should be more helpful when giving information.Only 3 (1 %)respondents answered that the attitude of state administration is good enough.
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Organical chemicals from biomass
DOLEŽAL, David
This bachelor thesis deals with the processes of biomass as a renewable resource for the production of chemicals that could compete chemicals obtainable from fossil sources. Processing of biomass can be divided into two main approaches namely a thermochemical and biotechnological processing of biomass processes. This processing involves many processes such as hydrolysis, crushing, fermentation, combustion or high temperatures and pressures, and many other thermochemical or biotechnological processes associated with the nature of the structure of the biomass. As the most important products of biomass processing can be considered biofuels represented in my work mainly by ethanol, but also methanol and other organic chemicals such as furfural, levulinic acid and hydroxymethylfurfural derived from the processing of C5 and C6 sugars located in the fundamental structure of biomass. These organic chemicals can also serve as a chemical platform and subsequent modifications of them can get products with the same or very similar properties of the products of the petrochemical industry.
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Methanol Outbreak in the Czech Republic in the year 2012 – Almost Two Years Later
Navrátil, Tomáš ; Zakharov, S. ; Pelclová, D. ; Mrázová, K.
Almost two years ago, in autumn 2012, a large methanol outbreak was registered in the Czech Republic (CR). The first case was registered in September 2012 in Moravian city Havířov. The source was connected with illegal production and sale of adulterated spirits. About 50 dead and more than 150 cases of methanol intoxications have been reported since September 2012. Some cases of intoxications, connected with old methanol sources distributed in 2012, have been registered up to now. Not all of total amount of prepared methanolic drinks has been found and hundreds liters of toxic methanol have remained in stores or in households. n the other hand, many people intoxicated during this outbreak and classified as “fully recovered” by their hospital discharge, have suffered by sequels of their intoxication at present (visual and nervous system disturbances) and their number has been increasing.
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Activity of the institute of public health protection in connection with the cases of poisoning with methyl alcohol in Zlin region in 2012
PÁNKOVÁ, Jana
There was news in Medias during methanol cause that the reason of the instant crises of poisoning with methyl alcohol could be insufficient check activity of authorities for protection of health of inhabitants (next APHI only). The target of my bachelor work is to judge if the authorities for protection of public health (next PPH only) are able to provide sufficient steps in cases of health hazard or damage because of consummation of methyl alcohol. The main attention is given to activity of Stations Regional Hygiene in Zlín region (next SRH ZR only) with the seat in Zlín during solving of the methanol cause in Zlín region. In theoretical part I mention general and special cognisance about methanol, basic information about types of spirits and classification of their safeness. I described forms of intoxications and cure possibilities. I also pay my attention to occurrence of poisonings from methanol in the world during last few years and present circumstances of intoxicate cases in Zlín region. In practical part I arrange chronologically and characterized particular emergency measures proclaimed by the Minister of Health during solving of methanol cause. I describe the results of the first and second period of checking ACTION 735 which was led by Board of customs of CR and aimed for checking of spirits, tuzemak and consumption spirit. Next I mention the way of security inquiry of civil instigations. It was done from December 5 to 28, 2012. Particular people could deliver a sample of alcohol with obscure origin to SRH ZR for testing which was free of charge. It was followed with processing intoxications during the extraordinary event in Zlín region. Classification method of investigative question is descriptive analysis of cases of poisoning from methyl alcohol, the number of checking provided by SRH ZR and other supervisory organs, description of ascertained defects and specified sanctions. I use charts, column, doughnut and cobweb graphs for illustration. We can see from the results that during the extraordinary event there were 21 people intoxicated with methyl alcohol in ZR during which time there were 17 patients admitted to hospital and 4 people were found dead in their place of residence. There were heavy persistent effects evidenced at one patient after release from hospital. The class of age 60 - 69 was dominated among poisoned people. In the period of time from September 1, 2012 to January 24, 2013 SRH ZR provided 1156 checks focused on abidance of proclaimed emergency measures. In terms of cooperation with other supervisory organs they provided 19 corporate checks. They found some troubles in 27 places of business - 13 × breaking of emergency measures, 3 × missing of proof of acquisition, 5 x unsatisfactory results of laboratory investigations, 6 × violation of watched the origin of alcohol and dupery of customers. They awarded 34 fines in an amount CZK 386,000.00. At the end of this work I sum up facts of methanol cause and supposed range of possible victims. I evaluate the activity of SRH, interdepartmental work group and other involved organs. On the base of extraordinary event they agreed the new law n. 309/2013 Digest about trading and the new law n. 307/2013 Digest about obligatory marking of spirit. These laws could precede occurrence of similar event. They also set regular checking focused on adulterate alcohol. At the close in connection with order of reports about numbers of intoxicate people during solving the extraordinary event I suggest some steps which could contribute to improvement of APHI activities in similar cases in future.
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Short Information on Methanol Outbreak in the Czech Republic in the year 2012
Navrátil, Tomáš ; Zakharov, S. ; Pelclová, D. ; Mrázová, K.
This contribution reports briefly on the large methanol outbreak in the Czech Republic (CR) in autumn 2012. The first case was registered in September 2012 in Havířov. The source was unknown at that time, but it was connected with the illegal production and sale of adulterated spirits. More than 130 cases of methanol intoxication have been reported during September 2012 – April 2013. 44 people died, about 1/5 of intoxicated patients have suffered by sequels of intoxication and their number have been increasing. Moreover, the samples of methanol can be found in some illegal stores and in some households up to now.
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Changes in Ion Exchanger Catalysts after More than 10 Year Time-on-Stream
Jeřábek, Karel ; Hanková, Libuše ; Holub, Ladislav ; Slavík, H.
In this contribution will be reported results of examination of a series of industrial ion exchanger catalysts samples exposed to the environment of catalytic reactor in process of esterification of acrylic acid with methanol for more than 10 years. There was evaluated their acid capacity, swelling and using inverse steric exclusion chromatography (ISEC) also their morphology in water-swollen state. For comparison, similarly were evaluated also reference samples of the same but virgin ion exchangers.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22012102413430 - PDF
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Sorption Characteristics of PDMS in Ternary Systems Benzene (1) + Alcohols (2) + Ionic Liquid (3) and Corresponding Binary Subsystems
Randová, A. ; Bartovská, L. ; Hovorka, Š. ; Friess, K. ; Izák, Pavel
In this work the study of sorption characteristics of PDMS in ternary system benzene (1) + methanol or butanol (2) + ionic liquid (3) and corresponding binary subsystems at the temperature of 20°C is presented. The experimental data on total sorption were determined gravimetrically [3], the experimental data on preferential sorption were evaluated from the concentration change induced by an immersion of the membrane into the liquid mixture [3]. The volume changes of swollen membrane immersed in the studied liquid systems were determined from the dimensional changes of the membrane samples changes in X and Y axis dimensions were monitored directly in liquid by an optical method [1, 3] and membrane sheet thickness was measured by an Inductive Dial Indicator (Mahr, Germany).
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