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Physiotherapy of scar in prevention and treatment of functional disorders
HRDÝ, Tomáš
The topic of the thesis is "Scar physiotherapy in the prevention and treatment of functional disorders." A scar is an inferior connective tissue resulting by the healing process, in various depths of soft tissues of various etiologies. A scar can never reach the original rheological properties of the given tissue, it is a regeneration product, replacing the original damaged tissue. A scar is physiologically healed into a thin, pale hair line, which does not affect local shunt and protraction abilities of soft tissues moving in accordance with the osteoarticular apparatus. If the healing process does not happen physiologically, a pathological scar is created, that scar can often become active, having a negative impact not only on its immediate vicinity, but also reflexively on the whole postural-locomotor system of the individual. The thesis is a comprehensive view on the scar as another "organ ", the activity of which can manifest itself in postural and movement patterns of the person. In the study the connection of a scar and its neurophysiological chaining are discussed, where an active scar may cause local changes in the muscle tone, skin sensitivity, it can lead to dysfunctions of internal organs and a limited mobility of the locomotive segment with the afferent link to the central level of motor control. Overlooking a scar as a possible provoking segment of a pathogenetic chain can lead to the failure of therapy and the relapse of symptoms. The method of this study was qualitative research based on a deliberate (purpose) data collection. The data were obtained by the method of observation, interview, document analysis and kinesiologic examination. The research group consisted of 4 probands, in which an activity of a scar at different levels of soft tissues linked to postural-locomotor system was found by examination. On the basis of continuous and a final examinations of the probands, the research questions were answered. The results show that appropriately selected techniques of physiotherapy had a positive effect on the health condition of a given patient. Using continuous and meaningful therapy including manual medicine techniques, physical therapy, balneology and pharmacology, the activity of the scar tissue with all its consequences was mitigated or completely stopped. The outcomes of the study can be used by physiotherapists as well as other members of the medical staff, and may also serve to physicians in differential-diagnostic considerations.
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System to support decision making in dental implantology - quality of life of patients with dental implants
Kříž, Pavel ; Dostálová, Taťjána (advisor) ; Mazánek, Jiří (referee) ; Zvárová, Jana (referee)
Title: System to support decission making in dental implantology - quality of life of patients with dental implants Author: MUDr. Pavel Kříž Department: Paediatric Stomatology of 2nd Medical School and Faculty Hospital Motol, V Úvalu 84, 150 06 Prague 5 Supervisor: Prof. MUDr. Taťjana Dostálová, DrSc., MBA Supervisor's e-mail: tatjana.dostalova@fnmotol.cz Dental implants are the method of choice in the treatment of missing tooth/teeth replacement. Implant therapy must be preceded by a detailed examination and the overall treatment plan. As an aid for decision-making for dentists was created decision-making scheme, which gradually, logically and schematically guides the dentists in this particular situation. Health is closely related to the quality of life. Our work evaluates the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients with dental implants. The aim of our study was to determine whether treatment with a dental implant(s) improve(s) OHRQoL. We created a questionnaire to determine the quality of life before and after implantation. In our study, we evaluated only patients who were treated by the only one implantological system to eliminate the influence of other systems on the quality of the results of the study; we evaluated a total of 297 implants. It was assessed a total of 97...
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Providing the patient´s privacy after total hip replacement operation
RŮŽIČKOVÁ, Michaela
Abstract In our company the emphasis in the field of nursing care has increasingly been focused on preservation of a patient`s dignity and intimacy. In daily activities in a pacient the privacy and intimacy the patient may be affected which causes different reactions of such a patient. One might say that even after the routine procedure such as total hip replacement it is very important that the patient has enough privacy. The aims of this study were to assess how the intimacy in the postoperative care is ensured in patients undergoing total hip replacement at the intensive care units and to find out the level of knowledge of the nurses as for adherence to intimacy after total hip replacement. The research group consisted of patients who were hospitalized at the intensive care and standard units in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. (PLC), Faculty Hospital Olomouc and Military Hospital Olomouc. The second research group consisted of the nurses who worked at the intensive care and standard units in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. (PLC), the Hospital Šumperk, a.s., Faculty Hospital Olomouc and Military Hospital Olomouc. The research investigation was performed by the method using two ananymous questionnaires. The first defined hypothesis was confirmed. The patients at the intensive care units are more satisfield as for their intimacy compared to the patients at the standard units. The second hypothesis was also confirmed. The nurses have not enough time to ensure intimacy of the patient after total hip replacement. The third hypothesis was confirmed. The nurses have enough information of how to take care of the intimacy in the postoperative period. The fourth hypothesis was not confirmed. The nurses at the intensive care unit do not care about the intimacy with a higher interest compared to the nurses at the standard unit. The findings of this investigation show that the patients after total hip replacement at the intensive care unit are more satisfield with the provision of intimacy in the postoperative care compared to patients at the standard unit. Although the nurses do not have enough equipment to ensure the intimacy of a patient in the postoperative care, they know how to take care of intimacy in the postoperative care.
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Implantation of cryopreserved mitral allograft into tricuspidal position in an experiment with sheep: Technical aspects of implantation and immediate results evaluated with the aid of epicardial echocardiography
Vojáček, Jan ; Špatenka, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Dominik, Jan (referee) ; Třeška, Vladislav (referee) ; Černý, Štěpán (referee)
Aortic, mitral and pulmonary valve replacement is routinely performed with reasonable clinical results. But the optimal substitute for the tricuspid valve remains controversial. Contemporary prostheses either mechanical or bioprosthetic are associated with a high risk of thrombosis and/or structural failure. Mitral allografts could have advantages over existing prostheses, especially in patients with infectious endocarditis. We describe our first experience with cryopreserved mitral allograft processing and implantation into the tricuspid position in a sheep experimental model. Material and Methods: We subjected 20 sheep (age 1 year, weight 23 - 36 kilograms) to general anesthesia and a left thoracotomy. An epicardial echocardiographic study was performed and the mitral valve was harvested. Donor animals were put to death by intravenous anesthetics injection. Allografts were immersed into cultivation medium E 199 with an antibiotic cocktail. After 24 hours storage at the temperature of 37.0oC the valves were kept at + 5 to + 7 oC over a period of 3-5 days. Then they were transferred into the cryoprotective solution (E 199 with 10% dimethylsulfoxide) and sealed into plastic bags using a double-layer technique. Finally, they were programmed cooled and stored in the liquid stage of liquid nitrogen (- 196 oC)...
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Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with Psoriatic Arthritis after Total hip arthroplasty
Enstad, Christian ; Maršáková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Jarošová, Hana (referee)
Title: EN: Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with Psoriatic Arthritis after Total hip arthroplasty. CZ: Případová studie fyzioterapie léčby pacienta s psoriatické artritidy po totální endoprotézy kyčelního kloubu. Thesis aim: In this thesis I will aim to discuss the rehabilitation after a total hip arthroplasty in a patient with psoriatic arthritis. The thesis is divided into two parts, one theoretical where the aim will be to explain some of the current research concerning psoriatic arthritis and total hip replacement. It will be focused on the anatomical, bio-mechanical and kinesiological properties of the lower extremities as well as the surgical procedure of total hip arthroplasty and following rehabilitation. I will also briefly look at the epidemiology and etiology of psoriatic arthritis and associated symptoms. The second part will focus on a 67 year old woman with the mentioned diagnosis in the post-operative state 2 weeks after surgery. The practical part aim to describe examination, therapeutical approach and conclusions after one week of examination and therapy. 4
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Case report of physiotherapeutic care of a patient after total knee replacement
Vášková, Mariana ; Dudová, Agnieszka (advisor) ; Hlavičková, Růžena (referee)
This bachelor's dissertation discusses a case report of physiotherapeutic care of a patient after total knee replacement. In the first, theoretical, part, anatomic structures, biomechanics of the knee, and knee replacement are described as well as the typology of operations and physiotherapeutic ap- proaches to patients after total knee replacement. In the second part, a case report is described. It contains anamnesis, initial kinesiologic examination, course of the therapy, final kinesiologic examination and evaluation of the therapy. The results of physiotherapeutic care of the patient are: increased range of motion of the knee, enhanced muscle strength in lower extremities, removal of some reflexive changes, and improved mobility of patella of the operated limb. As a result of physioterapeutic care, the overall condition of the patient has improved.
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