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Influence of different factors for economic parameters of milk production
KLEINOVÁ, Anna
Evaluation of factors, which affect the selected economic indicators of milk production in specific farm, during two years, 2007 and 2008, was the aim of the work. The composition of dietary and its optimalization and feeding technology in stable were evaluated. The contents of basic elements, which affected the realization in every month, were set from the milk production on the basis of analyses. Indicators of reproduction are mentioned then. Evaluation of chosen operational economic indicators of milk production was based on dates about costs and revenues in selected stable. Mixed feeding ration is loaded twice a day and it is compiled in advisory way according to the laboratory analysis results of feed. It was balanced with a moderate abundance of nitrogen substances and solids in production cows and with a deficit of solids in feeding ration of very pregnant non-lactating cows in both years (about 9 %). The fat and protein contents were relatively fixed, with a decline in summer months. The limit for somatic cells was exceeded once (by 3 %) and so the TVC (by 36%) in 2008. Reproduction indicators showed annual improvement with the exception of the intervening period length. There came to reduction in number of coves on the 3rd and later lactations and to decrease of their longevity thus. Their own and purchased feed took share in costs mostly (33,3% in total). In 2007 the loss per litter of sold milk arose but the income moved to positive values after including all revenues. In 2008 a profit per litter of sold mild was reached the milk production reached 3,64% and the total income increased.
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Breeding of genetic resource Bohemian Red cattle at the University Agricultural Enterprise, SBU in České Budějovice
ŤOUPALOVÁ, Michaela
At the turn of the 19th century a Czech red cattle, the breed, which was in our conditions bred a long time ago, was crossbreeding with a simen{\crq}s bull. Czech red cattle were gradually decreasing until now, when it is at the critical limit. At the 1991, in Department of Genetics, Breeding and Nutrition, at Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, has begun regeneration of this rare, for our conditions original, breed. The Process of Bulls absorptive breeding of Czech red cattle has begun. Czech red cattle have by now more then 162 pcs. There are kept 43 head of cattle in the case of breeding under warranty ČZU Prague. JČU in Č.Budějovice has got 119 individuals under its guarantee, of which 60 is kept on the school farm Haklovy Dvory. At research was analyses data about growth and development of calves breeding without market production of milk and Data of cow milk efficiency breeding for milk production at stable manner. The highest milk yield was achieved at 173 days lactation. The Total quantity was 1 469 kg of milk. The highest average content of milk fat was 3,80 %, and content of milk protein was 3,52 %. Index of growth and development was calculated on age 120 {--} 210 days. Average weight of 4 cows at the age of 120 days was 114kg. The highest increase of weight was noticed at a bull {--} calf and was 934 g. Average weights of 2 pcs. on unified age 210 days was 221kg. The highest growth was achieved at a heifer with its 1 038g. Meanwhile analysis of genetic structure of population has begun and on the basis of results was characterized number of locusts and microsatellites at given population. Genotyping of locusts for DGAT, GH, b {--} LG, PRL, IGF BP3, PIT1, BLAD, LEP, DUMPS, b {--} CN, kappa casein, beta casein und ALFA S1 casein was performed in the set of 272 animals. Frequency was observed in microsatellites RM 012, BOVCASK 35, BOVIRP, BTO BCAM, BOVPAI, BOVSEMRN, SRC 97, IGF BP3, CSS 004, IDVG A - 9, BM 6117, BM 148, BM 4621,BM 6438, BM 2113, BM 1824, BPA, BMS1658, INRA 107, INRA 23, ETH 3, ETH 225, ETH 10, TGLA 122, TGLA 126 and TGLA 227.
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Analysis of utility and fertility of a cow herd of Holstein breed
ZETKOVÁ, Jana
The point of the work was to make an analysis of milk production an and fertility and to attest dependence of milk production and fertility in the holstein cattle herd. Background materials were acquired especially from milk production control and cattle accompanying documents. Data of 251 dairy cows were worked up. Big problem of the high producing dairy cows is the low fertility. That is why the work was focused on analysing of milk production and fertility index. Service period, insemination interval and interval were analysed out of the fertility index. Milk production, proteins and fats percentage content represent the efficiency. The results show the high selection of cows out of the herd. It result shows from a number of included heifers. Most frequent reasons of selection are health condition, low milk efficiency and fertility disorders. Average efficiency in control increases. On the other hand the protein contest in milk is weak. A breading aim 3,3% was achieved only in year 2003 (3,32%). Milk production increases from the first to the third lactation. Milk production is decreasing from the fourth lactation. Fat percentage content increases to the third lactation, then it stagnates. The protein content goes down with number of lactation. Required interval length to 400 days is exceed in all lactation. Service period is to high regardless of lactation number. Insemination interval increases to the third lactation, then it decreases, but it is nonconforming all the time. The results show that fat and protein content decreases with milk production. The high milk production was reached on cows calved in autumn (8920,77 kg) and in winter (9231,48 kg). Data of cows calved in spring and in summer are almost the same. The results evidence general rule, that fertility decreases with increasing milk production.
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Nutrition and feeding influence in relation to milk production of dairy cows
BARTUŠKA, Václav
The assessment of the level of nutrition of dairy cattle in relation to their milk pruduction was carried out under operating conditions. The focus was on the quality of the roughage feed, the feeding technique, the contents of the diet and the supply of nutrients. On the basis of operating and economic indicators, the milk production costs as well as an overall evaluation summing the individual observed periods have been calculated. The results of the observation of the level of nutrition over a three-year period indicate that the feed rations are prepared according to the optimal standards. In the observed periods, first quality* corn silage and first or second quality** corn silage was always used. The average efficiency of a cow reached 7 000 kg of milk per year. The average cost of one litre of thus produced milk was 9,30 CZK in an average day, and the average sum of money needed came in at 138,37 CZK.
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Performance and fertility comparison of the Czech Pied cattle versus Holstein cattle with respect to technology of breeding
ŽÁČKOVÁ, Jindřiška
The observation of cattle breeding before and after monitoring resuets of stable technology from stanchion housing to free box housing with bedding was procceded from 2003 to 2006 in agricultural cooperative Netřebice. There were observed 169 dairy cows, 120 pieces of Holstein and 49 pieces of Czech Pied cattle. The influence of technology change was specified on the basis of milk testing and fertility results. Milk performance in free box housing system reached higher level than in stanchion housing. Reproduction parameters reached mostly better figures in the free box housing.
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Results of animal production and their economical evaluation
OPIČKOVÁ, Jitka
In operating conditions there was evaluated the animal production (dairycow breeding) by means of selected economic indicators. In Agrodružstvo Načeradec there were monitored the basic principles of dairycows nutrition and feeding and their milk production as well. The attention was paid to expense items and their modifications with respect to the production. I aimed at monitoring costs (feeding cost, labour cost, services cost etc.), yields, profit or loss in 2005 {--} 2006. During the monitoring period there was found that dairycows are profitable. The rate of milk production profitability was 12 % in 2005 (the ČR average is 3,8 %). In 2006 the rate of profitability dropped to 3,02 %. This drop was caused by the price policy of dairy industry by milk purchase. Simply we can say that milk production in Načeradec is profitable thanks to high efficiency of dairycows.
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Possibilities of Measuring the Effect of the Production Factors
KLŮFOVÁ, Alena
The main aim of my work is to consider possibilities and the meaning of measuring the effect of production factors. It requests to describe factors, that influence this effectvivity and to evaluate the impact on economic results in the company. The practical part is intent on the calculation and analysis of productivity of labour and milk production in not named agricultural cooperative from South Bohemia region in the period of five years, eventually to give the proposal of the arrangement for raising the effect of production factors in observed company.
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