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Awareness of university students about the health risks associated with a stay abroad, knowledge and use of possible preventive measures
HANKOVÁ, Hana
The topic of my thesis is foreign travel issues. Its purpose is to survey the awareness of students of the University of South Bohemia about travel risks, while mapping the knowledge and use of available preventive measures. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part I try to describe in a well arranged way the available knowledge about health risks associated with traveling, including the various forms of prevention. The aim of the practical part is to analyze the obtained data and to determine the awareness of university students about the risks associated with traveling. The survey is based on the methods of prevalence studies conducted using an anonymous questionnaire survey. In total, 652 students of the University of South Bohemia were addressed, the number of returns was 460 questionnaires. In relation to the objectives two hypotheses were proposed. H1: The awareness of students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies about the health risks associated with a stay abroad is significantly higher than that of students of other faculties of the University of South Bohemia. H2: Statistically, the most important source of information on the knowledge and use of possible prevention measures is the Internet. These hypotheses were statistically evaluated and on the basis of the obtained results they were confirmed or refuted. The research results show that the most informed about the presented issues are students of the Faculty of Science. This fact was later explained by a number of exotic destinations visited during the last stay abroad, as well as a wide offer of the Faculty of globally-oriented practical training and research fellowships, in connection with which the students inform themselves about possible travel risks. Statistically, most of the surveyed students use the Internet to get information. This research became the basis for targeted focus of health education on minimizing health risks when traveling abroad. The real outcome of the thesis is an information poster which will be distributed to individual faculties of the University of South Bohemia.
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The main trends of healthy life style and their presentation in the media
DOLÉNKOVÁ, Petra
The objective of my diploma work is to point out the main trends of the healthy lifestyle as well as to stress the factors having a negative impact on health. In particular, the work deals with well-balanced nutrition, exercising, sleep, lifestyle health risks, stress, civilisation disorders and the media which promote this healthy lifestyle. The research has been carried out under the use of the questionnaire method analysing the lifestyle of two separate groups of adolescents.
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The hazards of harmful chemical substances in metal production environment, measuring and assessment.
GRUBEROVÁ, Michaela
The target of the thesis was to evaluate the risk of chemical harmful substances and dust in the working air of metal production. Four research questions were asked: {\clqq}What harmful substances are fixed in the working environment of the metal production?`` {\clqq}Are the hygienic limits of chemical substances and dust in the working environment of metal production observed?``, {\clqq}What measures were taken by the employer for the purpose of the health protection of employees?`` and {\clqq}Are the measures taken by the employer for the purpose of the health protection of employees effective?`` The thesis was treated as qualitative research. The followed file consisted of three South Bohemian companies dealing with metal production. The method of the direct, non participating and clear observation was applied for the data collection, moreover the study of documents {--} testing reports. The secondary analysis of data was performed. The results of measuring were compared with the hygienic limits fixed by the Directive of government No. 361/2007 Coll.. The evaluated professions were divided in categories pursuant the Directive No. 432/2003 Coll. In the working air of metal production, the concentration of the total dust, chromium, hexavalent chromium, carbon monoxide and ozone were followed. The last measuring in the monitored workshops proved that the hygienic limits were observed, except for two cases when the highest acceptable concentration determined for chromium and the chromium (II,III) compounds as Cr, and of the hygienic limit for welding fumes were exceeded. The most important protective measure applied by the employers on their workplaces was the reconstruction of air-conditioning, or installation of local exhausting. In view of the gradual decrease of the harmful substance in the working air in connection to the taken measures may be stated that the given measures were effective. The hypothesis {\clqq}Modernisation of operations in metal production improves the working environment of employees and in the modern operations no above-the-limit values of the most monitored harmful substances were found out. ``
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Health risks related to occupational exposure to asbestos
KLIMKOVÁ, Lenka
In our republic, occupational exposure to asbestos has been restricted to jobs concerned with disposal of products, materials and buildings containing asbestos, and research work studying asbestos fibres. The reason consists in health risks as all kinds of asbestos belong to high-risk carcinogens. The asbestos fibre related diseases should be reported. All data connected are kept in the National Institute of Public Health (NIPH) in Prague. The purpose of this study was to find out how much people are aware of the risks related to asbestos and find people who suffered from asbestos dust-induced disease, i.e. mesothelioma of pleura. The quantitative method was used to summarise information on asbestos-induced disease occurence in 1970-2010 available in the National Institute of Public Health in Prague. Along with that, the work maps the population awareness of asbestos risks. The thesis itself can be divided into two parts. The first one contains information based on data collection while the other part deals with data of NIPH in Prague. Two hypotheses were predicted: Hypothesis H1: People are aware of the material containing asbestos. Hypothesis H2: People are aware of negative impact of asbestos on human health. Both hypotheses were proved. Three hypotheses were suggested in the other part: Hypothesis H3: Latency, the time between first exposure to manifestation of disease, is never less than 20 years. Hypothesis H4: Incidence of mesothelioma of pleura and peritoneum is higher in people aged 60-69. Hypothesis H5: Smoking affects the course of the disease negatively. Hypotheses H3 and H4 were proved. Hypothesis H5 cannot be neither proved or disproved. Although the number of smokers among mesothelioma patients was higher, there is no evidence of negative effect of smoking on the disease. To prove this hypothesis, the data colllection should be larger. Findings of the study proved the time of exposure to asbestos fibres does not affect the occurence of this disease. The findings can be used in further research studies.
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The health and social incidences of obesity in the second school and their remedy by the help of support active program
KOCINOVÁ, Hana
This work deals with health and social impacts on overweight and obesity among second year students in secondary schools and their remedy by means of support active program. To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity was used the BMI values, waist girths, caliper, values of the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). 336 students was participated in this research and 117 students underwent anthropometric measurements. From all measured were selected 31 students with excessive body weight. Seventeen of them was included in the group Experimental (ES) and fourteen in the group Control (KS). The Experimental group was subsequently administered the intervention active program aimed at reducing body weight and positive effect on health, psychological and social parameters. Investigation was carried out from October 2005 to December 2005.
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THE PROBLEMS OF PASSIVE SMOKING WITHIN CHILDREN´S POPULATION
SCHOVÁNKOVÁ, Lenka
Passive smoking, whose basis is inhalation of smoke produced by other persons, is sometimes also termed as the enforced smoking or as the explosion of air containing a tobacco smoke. In case of children there are formed the condition for origin of asthma, disease of respiratory track, inflammation of the middle ear, syndrome of sudden death in case of newly born babies and other diseases. Although the undesirable effects of passive smoking has been known for a long time, according to the researches more than forty percent of children have been still exposed to them. The aim of this diploma thesis was to map the situation within the selected sample of children´s population, to ascertain to what extent the children are exposed to cigarette´s smoke, what is the level of their awareness of health consequences of passive smoking, what is their relation to active smoking and if this relation is affected by the fact, where and how they are exposed to passive smoking. For the purpose of the research there were determined two hypotheses. The former one assumed that most of children did not realize the principal harmful effects of passive smoking. However, from the evaluation of the results of the questionnaire survey it implied that 90 % of children were able to name correctly the harmful effects of cigarette´s smoke and 91 % thought that passive smoking was detrimental to their health. The latter assumption was that in case of the children being exposed to passive smoking there is a higher risk to become the active smokers. This hypothesis was not completely verified. The percentage of children, who have repeated the experience in smoking, was in the group, whose parents are smokers, lower. On the contrary these children, who are friends with a smoker, more often carried out experiments with a cigarette. In addition to the diploma thesis mentions the results of the pilot study performed in 1996 in the Czech Republic within the project {\clqq}Smoking and me``, which devotes to problems of passive smoking and also selected ascertainment of the study named The Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) of 2002.
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Hepatitis of type B - mode of protection, health hazards
TOPIČOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor thesis covers the topic of Hepatitis type B. The goal of the thesis was to find out the public knowledge about this illness and at the same time also to find out whether the citizens use their own personal hygiene products and protective means. The results of the research say that the citizens outside the health industry older 15 years of age in České Budějovice and Pelhřimov do not have the knowledge on the ways of transfer and protection for the Hepatitis type B, but they know the health risks. During the research investigation, we also have found out that the citizens do not use their own personal hygiene products, and that the citizens of České Budějovice use the protective means more often than the citizens of Pelhřimov. Hepatitis type B is a serious and complicated illness, which daily threatens all the citizens. With respect to the results of the research, it is important that the citizens get more information on Hepatitis type B, especially on the vaccination possibility, about using only one{\crq}s own personal hygiene products and using preservatives and rubber medical gloves in risk situations. The citizens could acquire the information from this bachelor thesis or from the seminars lead by general nurses.
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