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Current situation and educational prospects of paramedics
KLINGEROVÁ, Helena
Current situation and educational prospects of paramedics This Bachelor paper endeavors to investigate the current situation and educational prospects of paramedics, i.e. medically trained rescuers. This topic has recently been much discussed, since a great number of young people are being trained and will be trained to become paramedics, and they should have a clear idea of what the qualification they wish to acquire or have already acquired can bring them. The theoretical section of the paper addresses both the historical development and the current situation encountered in the emergency pre-hospital care as provided in the Czech Republic, with the focus on the Emergency Medical Service of the South Bohemian Region (ZZS JčK), whose staff members constituted the surveyed sample. The theory of the subject gives a legal definition of paramedics and specifies their options of professional training & education. The paper aimed to map the employment possibilities of paramedics at ZZS JčK and to find out what the ZZS JčK staff thought about the prospects of this profession. The survey relied on the method of qualitative research based on the questionnaire technique. As follows from the results obtained, all the paramedics being trained cannot currently find a job with the Medical Emergency Service, but in case an Act on Emergency Medical Service is passed, new Emergency Centers will crop up and more paramedics will be needed. As regards the prospects of career for the paramedics, the employees of the Medical Emergency Service are optimistic, because in case the Service cannot offer them a job, they will be able to find employment elsewhere. Thus the hypothesis envisaging that with the number of trained paramedics growing their prospects of finding a job with the Service will diminish proved partly true. The second hypothesis expecting that the paramedic qualification brings better prospects for males than for females was not confirmed as true. Other results of the survey lead me to recommend that the paramedic training takes on a different form and different length, since most respondents believed the paramedics, on leaving the vocational training, were not completely ready for the field work.
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Paramedics' awareness of blood-borne infections
DALIHODOVÁ, Andrea
My bachelor's thesis focuses on identifying paramedics' awareness of blood-borne infections. The issue of infections transmitted by blood is very extensive and complicated. Much emphasis is placed on prevention by health care employees who are threatened by infections of this kind in their day-to-day practice. For the sake of structure, the thesis is divided into two main parts. The theoretical portion presents a comprehensive overview of blood-borne diseases paramedics are exposed to while performing their work. It also explains terms such as paramedic and the importance of first aid service. The practical portion contains the actual survey and the evaluation of results. This section of the thesis uses quantitative research method via questionnaires. Data was obtained through questioning using anonymous questionnaires. The surveyed group included 90 paramedics. The aim of the work was to identify paramedics' awareness of blood-borne infections, find out what kind of personal protective equipment, if any, they use, and whether applicable regulations are being complied with. Based on the results obtained from the survey, I have concluded that paramedics are not sufficiently aware of blood-borne diseases. I also found out that 33% of the respondents violate applicable legislation by improper handling used by paramedics to the fullest possible extent. The most important aspects, I believe, are compliance with sanitary and epidemic regulations, vaccination, the availability of quality protective equipment and training as part of general prevention measures. In my opinion, more attention should be paid to providing health care workers with quality post-graduate education, the prevention of blood-borne infections, compliance with applicable regulations and the use of personal protective equipment.
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Ethical Problems and Dilemmas in the Work of Officials at the Social Departments of Municipalities
LUDÍNOVÁ, Ivanka Anna
As a subject-matter of my bachelor's thesis I chose "Ethic issues and dilemmas upon the public officers' work within Social Services and Welfare Departments at Local Authority Offices of Czech municipalities", because I had considered the theme to be more than actual since such topics appear within the public administration activities all the time and each officer is then forced to sort these dilemmas and issues out as a part of their everyday work. Solving such problems is quite demanding job not only for the officers themselves, but also within all areas of human life.The bachelor's thesis was divided into two parts. As for the theoretical chapter, I defined key terms and definitions concerning the field of ethics by which the decision-making process of each officer is affected significantly, and which were essential for the research pursuit. I also dealt with the ethical theories which influence the social work a lot, the ethic codes were included as well as their functions together with their utility for public officers. I addressed to particular ethic issues and dilemmas connected with the social work in the following chapters. As for the elaboration of the research chapter of this bachelor's thesis and the accomplishment of stipulated objectives, a quantitative observation ? questioning survey ? was used. The original aim of my bachelor's thesis had been to detect all needs of relevant officers in the city of Pilsen regarding their further education within the area of professional ethics, and to find out whether they have to resolve such ethic issues and dilemmas upon their deciding. Based on the specified objectives, two hypotheses were formulated. The research section described the initial goals of investigation, methodology and techniques, which I had chosen for gathering the required information, while I described the search sample and the execution of data acquisition, too. Furthermore, I focused on the data interpretation and last but not least the discussion on the interviewing results. The intention of my thesis was fulfilled: the first assumption could not have been confirmed at all while the second assumption had been fully proved to be true. This approach can be useful upon preparation of further education for public officers within the social sphere, especially in connection with their abilities to cope with ethic-related troubles and situations which the officers in question have to face every single day.
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Midwifery home visiting from the point of view of the public
DUŠKOVÁ, Marcela
Due to the Czech Republic's health care system, the need for medical care during pregnancy - even when it is progressing physiologically - has become deeply-rooted in the mind of the public. The theoretical part of this work deals with midwifery in relation to community care. The general theoretical section sums up the roles and competencies of midwives and the forms of their education, both qualifying and lifelong. The following section deals with actual procedures in the care provided by midwives during home visits, according to valid standards issued by CKPA (Czech Midwife Confederation). The questionnaire method, one of quantitative research methods, has been selected for the research part of the work. The questionnaire used consisted of 28 questions and has been processed during April 2009. The sample group was a large group of non-professionals with no limitations by age, gender or place of residence. A total of 150 respondents have been asked for cooperation, and 126 filled questionaries were returned to the researchers. The main goals of the work were determining the public opinion on home visiting by midwives and its necessity. Futhermore, determining the public knowledge of midwife competencies and awareness of the range of midwife services covered by health insurance. The following hypotheses have been examined by the researchers: Hypothesis 1: Expectant mothers prefer gynecologist's care to midwifery. This hypothesis has been confirmed. Hypothesis 2: Women are not interested in home visiting by midwife after the birth. This hypothesis has been refuted. Hypothesis 3: Most of all, women expect high-quality prenatal courses from a midwife. This hypothesis has been refuted as well. Hypothesis 4: Men do not consider home visiting by midwife as valuable for women. This hypothesis has not been confirmed. Hypothesis 5: Women with no access to medical care in their place of residence are in greater need of home visiting by midwife than women with such access. Because of the non-representative distribution of respondents in the sample group, this hypothesis has been neither confirmed nor refuted. Hypothesis 6: The public has no knowledge of the actual competencies of midwives. This hypothesis has been confirmed . Hypothesis 7: The public has no knowledge of the range of midwife care covered by health insurance. This hypothesis has been confirmed as well. This work is of informative nature. It sums up the opinions and knowledge of the public about midwifery. It also helps to outline the uncertainties of the public in this field. The work can be used for public education or as a starting point for future research.
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Possibilities of International Cooperation among Kindergartens
CHALOUPKOVÁ, Věra
The final Bachelor´s dissertation work deals with possibilities of international cooperation at nursery schools by means of international educational programmes and exemplifies factual cases. It is based on the present educational qualification for both children and teachers and necessity of more effective and more attractive learning and playing which can create good knowledge essentials for life, study and work in Europe Union. Dissertation includes interview which surveys the present knowledge, attitudes and experience of teachers in this field. It brings instructions for schools or individual teachers who would like to widen and enrich their activities abroad. It emphasizes possibilities of using modern infomation technologies for language-teaching and for exploring culture and traditions in other countries.
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The mutual relations between nurse and doctor in the current public health system
VÍZKOVÁ, Alena
Summary Relations between a nurse and a physician underwent many changes in the past. Nowadays, the relations have trended towards equal position of nurses and physicians in the health care system. It is just the equal position of the both professions in care for the client which is a prerequisite of good team cooperation and a guarantee of good-quality nursing as well as therapeutical care. The aim of our work was to find the prevailing forms of relations between nurses and physicians in the examined set of nurses and to determine whether or not nurses think they are equal partners of the physicians within the team cooperation. The quantitative method of research survey was used for the thesis elaboration. We used a questionnaire survey for the data collection. The research sample consisted of nurses working in the Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine in Prague. The data were collected from April till June 2008. One hundred and fifty-two questionnaires were used for the results evaluation. We made 7 hypotheses for the research purposes. Hypothesis no. 1: Nurses with a longer than 10-year professional experience evaluate the relations with physicians more positively than nurses with a shorter professional experience. This hypothesis was disconfirmed on the basis of statistical analysis.Questioned nurses evaluated the relations with physicians most often as good {--} 56.5 %. Hypothesis no. 2: Nurses with higher education feel to be perceived as the physician{\crq}s partner in the care for patients more often than nurses with secondary education. This hypothesis was also disconfirmed on the basis of statistical analysis. Out of the questioned nurses, 60.5 % do not feel to be perceived by the physicians as their equal partners. Hypothesis no. 3: Nurses at the intensive care units are charged by the physicians with works that do not fall within their competence more often than nurses at standard departments. This hypothesis was confirmed. On the basis of our research, we have found that the questioned nurses at the intensive care units are charged with some highly specialized works that fall within the physicians{\crq} competence. Hypothesis no. 4: Conflict situations in the relation nurse {--} physician are alleged more often by nurses with professional experience un till 10 years as compared to nurses with longer professional experience. The statistical analysis did not confirm this hypothesis. Existence of conflict situations at the work site was stated by 54.7 % of al questioned nurses. Hypothesis no. 5: Nurses solve the conflict situations with physicians through their superiors. This hypothesis was confirmed. In case of a conflict with a physician, the questioned nurses most often contact the head nurse. Hypothesis no. 6: Nurses{\crq} relations with physicians influence their job satisfaction. This hypothesis was confirmed. Relations with physicians are important for job satisfaction of 96.7 % of the questioned nurses. Hypothesis no. 7: In their relation to nurses, physicians observe the rules of etiquette. This hypothesis was confirmed as well. Our proposal to improve the team cooperation between nurses and physicians is as follows. Time should be devoted to interpersonal relations already during the studies of both physicians and nurses; techniques developing cooperation of nurses and physicians should be integrated in their continuing education; measures to improve cooperation should be implemented on the management level of health care facilities; and other researches relating this topic should be executed.
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Use of Nurses' Competencies in Preventive Care of a Patient with Ischemic Heart Disease
MATSCHEOVÁ, Linda
Ischemic heart disease belongs to the most frequent diseases in developed countries. I have chosen this topic not only because I am interested in this issue but also because I work at emergency ward of internal medicine and majority of patients there suffer from this disease. There are two parts in my thesis {--} the theoretical and the research part. The theoretical part deals with heart anatomy and physiology, with epidemiology and aetiology, with risk factors, with classification, clinical picture, diagnostics, with treatment and prevention of ischemic heart disease. Further, the thesis survey educational process, roles, mission, function and competences of a nurse. The first objective of the thesis was to find out the awareness of nurses´ competences in the area of secondary preventive care in patients with ischemic heart disease. The second objective was to find out, whether nurses are able to apply their competences in the area of secondary preventive care in patients with ischemic heart disease. The third objective was to find out involvement of management (head nurses, departmental nurses, shift nurses) in the secondary preventive care in patients with ischemic heart disease. The fourth objective of the thesis was to find out whether nurses use their knowledge of secondary prevention in patients with ischemic heart disease. Four hypotheses were set for the above mentioned objectives. H1: Nurses are aware of their competences in the area of secondary preventive care in patients with IHD. H2: Nurses are able to apply their competences in the area of secondary preventive care in patients with IHD. H3: Shift nurses, motivated by head nurses, are more involved in the secondary prevention in patients with IHD. H4: Nurses use their knowledge in the area of secondary prevention in patients with IHD. A questionnaire was made up to achieve the objectives and to prove or to disprove the hypotheses of this research. The questionnaire contained 24 questions {--} closed and semi-closed. The research sample was formed from nurses from South Bohemian and central-Bohemian regions. 377 questionnaires were handed out. 242 questionnaires returned and 230 of them were applicable to the research. The first, second and fourth hypotheses were proved. Shift nurses are more involved in secondary prevention in patients with IHD, however, not on the basis of motivation by head nurses, thus, the fourth hypothesis was not proved. I also revealed that nurses do not have sufficient knowledge in the area of secondary preventive care in patients with IHD. On the grounds of these results we created mental maps on ischemic heart disease and its prevention. These maps might enhance nurses´ knowledge and improve the life of patients with ischemic heart disease.
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Nurse status today and in the future
KOZÁKOVÁ, Martina
Nowadays the status of a medical nurse represents a fairly actual topic. It is a profession where many changes had to be undertaken during a few years beginning with scholars education up to a graduation of a nurse and their responsibilities. A nurse not only plays the role of a caretaker and a helper but is also an individually thinking professional who has received a proper education and has his or her competence bound by the jurisdiction. The theoretical part focuses on the status of a nurse from the sociological viewpoint, on its development from a historical perspective, on changes taking place in the present and stretching to the future and on the trends we might expect in this profession. The practical part contains information obtained by the research which focused on the perception of the status of a nurse by patients, nurses and physicians. The aim of this graduation research was to question nurses in the Czech Republic about their contentment with their current status and explore their future visions, furthermore to obtain opinions on the topic from both patients and physicians. The H1 hypothesis was: nurses are not content with their current social status, was proved correct. The H2 hypothesis was: the ideas of a nurse about his or her future status in the society are positive was proved correct. The H3 hypothesis was: the assessment of the status of a nurse by a patient is negative, wasn´t correct. The H4 hypothesis: physicians do not follow the current status of a nurse, correct. The H5 hypothesis was: physicians do not display any interest in following the status of a nurse in the future was correct.
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Language education in the nursery school
VORÁČKOVÁ, Pavlína
The diploma work considers the positron and importance of language pedagogy in present preschool educational system, follows its impact on the content in separate fields of preschool educational program, language goals deduced from acquired knowledge, types of activities in progress in nursery school. Based on the relationship of deduced goals to different language levels, sets language competence margins to preschool age children as well as methods used for their development. Practical section investigates the level of language education (with respect to language levels) of preschool age children in a ``small-type{\crqq} nursery school class.
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The development of communicative competence of the preschool-aged children in context of curricular reform of Czech education
JAKUBCOVÁ, Michaela
This bachelor thesis introduces the problems of the communicative competence development in the Frame work educational programme for pre-school education (below RVP PV) and describes how to include this issue in the school educational programme of the kindergarten, where I work. The main objective is to create an experimental programme to support pre-school children communication skills development followed by subsequent verification of its effectivity. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the general introduction into communication and communicative competence development issues in RVP PV. It explains the concept of communication, defines the social and pedagogical communication and outlines the methods of communication. There are also mentioned those areas of RVP PV, which are directly connected with the communicative competence. The practical part concentrates on concrete possibilities to develop the communicative skills development of pre-school children. It results from the realization of an experimental programme itself and evaluates its effectivity in practice. In the next part there is assembled knowledge gained from pedagogical workers about methods and possibilities of communication development in kindergartens. It concentrates on knowledge of factors which can influence the communication development.
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