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Determination of iodine in biological materials by neutron activation analysis
Kučera, Jan
The advantages and disadvantages of various modes of neutron activation analysis (NAA), such as instrumental NAA (INAA), epithermal NAA (ENAA), and radiochemical NAA (RNAA) for iodine determination in biological materials, namely in food and diet samples are briefly reviewed. Examples are given of iodine determination in Asian diet samples by ENAA and RNAA. The accuracy of the results obtained was proved by analyses of numerous US NIST reference materials (RMs) of biological origin.
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Possibilities to observe the intake of sodium in agreement with nutritional recommendations for health adults
GRUBEROVÁ, Michaela
The bachelor thesis ?Possibilities to observe the intake of sodium in agreement with nutritional recommendations for health adults? deals with the issues of sodium and iodine in human diet. One objective of the bachelor thesis was to determine whether the intake of sodium in the diet of university students corresponds to the current nutritional recommendations nad whether the content of sodium in meals prepared in university canteens corresponds to the current nutritional recommendations. Another objective was to determine whether it is possible to observe nutritional recommendations for the intake of iodine while meeting the nutritional recommendations for the intake of sodium. The research used a qualitative method. The technique used for data collection was an analysis of documents, i.e. records of eating habits of university students, frequency questionnaires and menus of university canteens. Nutritional software Nutriservis, Dietary system for hospitals II, Compiled online database of nutritional composition of foodstuffs and On-line database of foodstuff composition in the Czech Republic, version 2.11., was used to estimate the contents of sodium and iodine in food eaten by students and in meals prepared by university canteens. The estimated average daily content of sodium in diet of students from České Budějovice ranged from 1 993 to 4 807 mg and in the diet of students from Ostrava from 1 227 to 5 806 mg. The estimated average daily content of iodine in the diet of students from České Budějovice ranged from 26 to 795 ?g and in the diet of students from Ostrava from 25 to 523 ?g. The most frequent sources of sodium and iodine in the diet of students included regular bakery products, milk and dairy products, smoked goods, eggs, mineral water and edible salt. The estimated average daily content of sodium in meals prepared by the university canteen in České Budějovice ranged from 2 909 to 4 037 mg and in meals prepared by the university canteen in Ostrava from 4 397 to 6 259 mg. The estimated average daily content of iodine in meals prepared by the university canteen in České Budějovice ranged from 73 to 338 ?g and in meals prepared by the university canteen in Ostrava from 62 to 584 ?g. While meeting the nutritional recommendations for the intake of sodium, the nutritional recommendations for the intake of iodine were observed only in a few cases. Education about rational eating has been recommended, which should take place throughout the life of each individual, as well as a change in standards regulating content of salt in meals prepared by university canteens.
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Thyroid hormones in blood plasma of dairy cows
KŘÍŽOVÁ, Zuzana
Thesis deals with the evaluation of the impact of different quantities and forms of iodine in ration dairy cows on the concentration of hormones of the thyroid in the blood plasma. Iodine was given in the inorganic (Vitamix S7+) and organic form (UNI-SATURAN J). The experiment was done with a herd of Red cows fleckvieh breeding in the conversion to breed in the breeding of Holstein dairy cows in distrikt Klatovy. The average concentration of thyroxine (TT4) before experiment was 50.91+-12.96 nmol/1, 1.6+-0.53 nmol/l of trijodthyronine (TT3). Free forms of hormones showed: FT4 1.09+-0.06 pmol/l and FT3 2.5+-0.08 pmol/l. Free forms of hormones showed more considerable divergencies.
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Iodine content in milk and urine of dairy cows
VÍTKOVÁ, Lucie
This paper provides data on the iodine content in milk, urine and blood plasma of dairy cows on feed rations with various amounts and forms of iodine. The experiment included a group of 9 cows with different milk yield of livestock in the Klatovy district. The samples of milk, urine and plasma were collected from January to May 2011 at intervals of 3-4 weeks. Iodine content was determined spectrometrically after alkali burning of the sample. Vitamix S7+ mineral feed additives with anorganic iodine content and UNI SATURAN J with content of organic iodine were used as the sources of iodine. When feeding rations fortified with only anorganic iodine in quantity of 80 mg.kg-1 mineral feed additives, the content of iodine in milk was 33.07 +-31.13 mikrogramů.l-1, in urine 192.87 +-65.56 mikrogramů.l-1 and plasma 76.18 +-26.22 mikrogramů.l-1. When feeding diets with added organic forms of iodine in quantities of 1 mg.kg-1 mineral feed additives and lower contents of inorganic iodine its average content in milk reached 51.13 +-26.29 mikrogramů.l-1 in urine 221.20 +-137.65 mikrogramů.l-1 and 83.13 +-44.24 mikrogramů.l-1 in blood plasma. Low iodine content in milk and increased iodine content in urine indicate reduced use of iodine in the oraganism despite its optimum intake. These conditions are often associated with the effect of goitrogenic substances. Normal levels of iodine were reached in plasma.
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Milk as a source of trace elements
BOUCHALOVÁ, Jana
The aim of this thesis was to enumerate the contents of important trace elements in cow's milk (iodine, zinc, copper, manganese) and evaluate the importance of milk as the natural resources in human nutrition. The average content of iodine in cows' milk in farms of South Bohemia in 2009 was 360,91 ?g/l, 2010 440,62 ?g/l in 2011 337,14 ?g/l. The average content of zinc in cow's milk in 2009 was 4825,15 ?g/l. The average content of copper in cow's milk in 2009 was 38,78 ?g/l. The average content of manganese in cow's milk in 2009 was 16,49 ?g/l. The average consumption of 0.16 liter of milk per person per day provided income of iodine in 2009 in 39%, in 2010 in 47%, in 2011 in 54%, income of zinc in 2009 in 6%, copper income in 0,3% and manganese income in 0,07%.
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Optimalization and application of iodine spectrophotometric determination in soils.
HŘIVNÁČ, Jakub
This work deals with the content of iodine in soils, furthermore with obtaining and processing samples from four selected sampling areas, all of which are in the proximity of the Arnoštov settlement in district Prachatice in the foothills of Šumava. The soil samples were obtained from forest, meadow, pasture and fallow soil in 2009 to 2011. The iodine content in the soils was determined by using the spectrophotometric method, which had been optimized for the soil samples. Iodine concentration in lysimeter water was determined by using method inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry. The results obtained from each sampling areas were compared with each other and with the results from other areas. Consequently, the iodine concentration results in the soils were compared with the iodine concentration in lysimeter waters. It was found, that the highest iodine content in soils was measured in a sample obtained from Area 1 (meadow), part B in a depth of 16 - 30 cm in June of 2009, namely a content of 8,67 mg of I per kg of dry soil. The lowest content of 1,42 mg of I per kg of soil was found in the area 4 (forest), sample obtained in June of 2010, in the L horizon. By comparing iodine content with iodine concentrations in lysimeter waters, it was concluded that the concentration of iodine in lysimeter waters does not depend on iodine concentrations in soils and that it does not even represent the absolute iodine content in soil, as was determined by comparing the results from Arnoštov with data acquired from Agrovýzkum Rapotín in Jeseníky.
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Blood values of sheep at a defined intake of selenium and iodine
KOCÁBOVÁ, Ivana
The theoretical part is concerned with the functional application of selenium and iodine supplementation methods, risks disproportionate to their income, including changes in biochemical and hematological parameters and evaluation methods of adequate saturation. The practical part analyzes the results of experiments on sheep with a defined content of selenium and iodine in the ration evaluation of selected indicators of the metabolic profile of ewes and their lambs. The results are processed statistically. It reflected the dynamics and interactions of monitored parameters.
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Optimization of the amount of iodine contrast agent (ICU) in CT scan examinations on a multislice CT scanner (64-detector row)
KRAJÍČEK, Ondřej
In my work, I focused on the optimization of the amount of iodine contrast agent during CT scan examinations by comparing various amounts of the contrast agent per kilogram of a patient{\crq}s body weight. I compared three groups of weight amounts: 1 mL/kg vs. 1.25 mL/kg vs. 1.5 mL/kg. I measured the differences in the enhancement of organs and blood vessels of the abdominal cavity. Their enhancement levels were compared quantitatively in the areas of interest by determining Hounsfield units in the aorta and parenchyma of the abdominal organs, and qualitatively by using an independent evaluation by a radiologist. Measurements were made on the GE Lightspeed 64-detector row CT scanner with pressure injector. No parameters were changed during the entire study, enabling the maintenance of standard conditions for high-quality comparisons in all examinations. Patients with any significant lesion in the organ to be measured were excluded from the study measurements, and patients at risk of circulation disorder (patients with severe conditions, such as heart failure, shock, and others) were also not enrolled. A contrast agent with a constant amount of iodine amounting to 300 mg/mL was used for the measurements. The study population comprised 120 patients, of which 51 were women and 69 men. The following data were recorded for each measurement: examination number, age, sex, body weight, HU values, and radiologist{\crq}s evaluation. The data were recorded in tables and further analyzed. Various HU enhancement levels were compared and evaluated and subsequently correlated with the radiologist{\crq}s evaluation. Optimal values of the amount of contrast agent were also compared with those routinely used at the facility concerned. This work provided optimal values of the amount of contrast agent for the examination of abdominal organs and adjusted standards for a CT scan facility. I believe my bachelor{\crq}s thesis contributed to a more precise dosing of the contrast agent during CT scan examinations.
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Iodine content in eggs
MIKULOVÁ, Magda
The aim of diploma work was contents supervision iodine solution in egg yolk in the consumer eggs and evaluates importance of eggs as an iodine source in human nutrition. In total, iodine content was determined in the yolk of 189 eggs (large flocks) and 210 eggs (small flocks). There were 3,2 times lower of iodine content in the egg yolk from small flocks compare to eggs from large flocks. Eggs from large flocks cover 2 - 25% and from small flocks only 0,4 {--} 12% of the daily iodine requirement in adults. Iodine content in eggs depends on daily iodine intake and the effect of laying cycle. Egg iodine concentration was determined by spectrophotometric metod based on the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction (Bednář a kol. 1964).
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Content iodine in excrement catle
SRB, Josef
Iodine content in excrement. Calibre was locate from 430 {$\pm$} 142,4 {$\mu$}g {$\bullet$} kg-1 bis 6182,5 {$\pm$} 2625,6 {$\mu$}g {$\bullet$} kg-1 dry matter and average 2299,2 {$\pm$} 884,3 {$\mu$}g . kg-1 dry matter. Relation was low from between idoine content in excrement and iodine reception. Environment was not contaminate.
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