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Influence of needle age at Rubisco activity and content in Norway spruce under the impact of ambient and elevated CO2 concentrations
Bošková, Martina ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
In this diploma work influence of needle age at Rubisco activity and content in Norway spruce (Picea abies) was studied. The plants were cultivated in conditions with ambient (A) CO2 concentration (350 µmol CO2/mol) and elevated (E) CO2 concentration (700 µmol CO2/mol). Sampling was done two times during the growing season (in the middle of June and in the end of September) were taken. Initial and total Rubisco activities were measured spectrophotometrically. Rubisco content was determined by SDS–PAGE method. Rubisco activity in 18-months-old needles was in E higher than in A. Rubisco contents in current-year needles and one-year-old needles were in A higher than in E in September. These differences were statistically significant that demonstrates the down-regulation of Rubisco content in conditions of elevated CO2 concentration. It seems the course of activities and content depending on age of the needles are antiparallel, that means that decrease of content is followed by increase of activity.
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Impact of elevated carbon dioxide concentration on Rubisco content in Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies
Hamříková, Dominika ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
In this bachelor’s thesis content of Rubisco in beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) was studied. The plants were cultivated in conditions with ambient carbon dioxide concentration (350 mol·mol-1) and elevated carbon dioxide concentration (700 mol·mol-1). The content of Rubisco in exposed and shaded leaves or needles was compared. The content of Rubisco was determined by SDS-PAGE method. A significant decrease in Rubisco content was demonstrated in conditions E versus A in shaded beech leaves. In other cases, the decrease was not so significant. A comparison of exposed and shaded needles also did not show a statistically significant difference, but in shaded beech leaves against exposed leaves Rubisco content was significantly lower, especially in conditions E.
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The 4th generation of nuclear reactors
Mlčúch, Adam ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (referee) ; Nerud, Pavel (advisor)
This thesis reviews the particular generations of nuclear reactors. The biggest part of the thesis focuses on the projects of the fourth generation reactors. The individual projects come out from the analysis of the international forum GIF. The last part is devoted to the detailed description of VHTR system and demonstration plant concept with reactor Antares.
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Design of Water Supply Facilities with the Support of Simulation Software
Pešout, Jakub ; Tauš, Miloslav (referee) ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor)
The subject of the thesis is the design of water supply facilities with the support of a simulation software. The document is a summary of representative software tools that are used to design water supply sites directly or serve as supportive programs. A short summary of the origin, primary focus, availability and market price of each tool is listed in the survey. Furthermore the individual programs are divided into four groups. The section conveys the software's ability to deal with any of the following issues: - Water quality - Hydraulic analysis and simulation of hydraulic working - Design of water network - Creation of simulation models Subsequently, three chosen programs are subjected to exemplary tests, demonstrating some of the capabilities. The first program is Watpro, on which a design of a water treatment plant is drafted and a subsequent search for the sufficient dose of chemical additives is executed. The second program Epanet 2.0 calculates a model test of a water leak from a pipeline. The result is then compared with the outcome of equation calculation. The last program is Watdis, with which the same example of pipeline leakage is calculated and subsequently compared to the Epanet 2.0 result. The work's aim is to provide an overview of the seventeen selected programs and supply the information to potential users from the ranks of designers and students.
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Visualisation of hydraulic structures
Urbanec, Luděk ; Duchan, David (referee) ; Dráb, Aleš (advisor)
The aim is to implement the process for creating realistic visuals (including animations) for a small hydroelectric power plant Litomerice. This thesis is the creation of spatial models based on existing drawings. Using these models will be developed with an emphasis on rendering realistic scenes created. An important part of the work output will also be focused primarily on the animation feature demonstrations of technological equipment, handling and maintenance work on the water. A key outcome will be the documentation process of spatial models, realistic rendering and animation.
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Genome size evolution in the Zingiberaceae
Pospíšilová, Monika ; Fér, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kolář, Filip (referee)
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the existing knowledge on the evolution of genome size and also to focus on genome in the phylogenetic context. Among angiosperms we find a wide range of C-values (1C = 0.63 pg ? 1C = 127.4 pg), but the modal value is 0.6 pg. We still do not know much about the nature and mechanisms of plant genome size evolution, but we are learning more and more every year. There are already dozens of studies dealing with the dynamics of genome size of smaller taxonomic groups and on four of these they demonstrate possible approaches. Researching within higher taxonomic groups such as families is difficult and so more valuable. New research on the evolution of genome size in the family Zingiberaceae has started and my master thesis dealing with the Globbeae tribe should be part of it.
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Genetic variability of \kur{Isaria} genus in Czech Republic
ČÁPOVÁ, Aneta
My diploma thesis deals with genetic variability of entomopathogenic fungi of the Isaria genus encountered in the Czech Republic. Individual representative of the genus can be found in soil where they attack all developmental stages of insects, giving preference to larvae and pupae. The Isaria fungi find application first and foremost where plants have to be provided biological protection. In case of mitosporic fungi is the precise identification very difficult, taxonomy is often unclear in many genera, including the genus Paecilomyces/Isaria to demonstrate their polyphyletic nature. The fungi are classified primarily with reliance on morphological studies. The most common markers used to identify fungi are the shapes and sizes of their conidia and the biological properties (germination of spores, tests of biological efficiency). Identification made in consideration of the morphological markers is inaccurate and very variable. To overcome those accuracies, there are very useful molecular DNA markers, which can be relevant in ecology, biology and in fungi genetics. This paper relies on applying the ITS region (Internal Transcribed Spacer) as a molecular marker. ITS regions are partial constituent rDNA carrying no code - that is why the regions are likely to accumulate evolutionary changes in the DNA sequence, which makes them suitable for extensive use in taxonomic analyses of many organisms. The study results in a phylogenetic trees constructed by comparing different sequences of ITS regions obtained from the samples of entomopathogenic fungi of the Isaria genus gathered in the Czech Republic during the monitoring stage 2013 to 2014. Thereunder detection of Isaria sp. occurring in the Czech Republic.
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Logistics of radioactive waste
Knapová, Jitka ; Jirsák, Petr (advisor) ; Jiříček, Karel (referee)
The aim of diploma thesis is to analyse the overall technical base and to monitor logistic processes which are from the very beginning associated with radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel. The main emphasis is put on spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants. The current situation in this area is illustrated by an example of the Czech Republic and Sweden. The comparison of Czech and Swedish system leads to demonstration of strengths and weaknesses of the used methods.
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Vliv pomocného přípravku Pentakeep na vybranou modelovou kulturu zeleniny
Mittáková, Zuzana
The aim of the Diploma thesis was to evaluate the effect of auxiliary preparation Pentakeep super on quality and yield of lettuce. The theoretical part of the thesis is trying to approach the issue of plant stress and effect of the Pentakeep super for plants. The practical part of the thesis describes the experiment, which was based at the Faculty of Horticulture in Lednice in Moravia in 2013. Tested crop was lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. Capitata L.) variety 'Lento' and 'Jupiter'. Effect of preparation Pentakeep super was studied on morphological parameters (weight, leaf area, yield) and ingredients (vitamin C, nitrate, percentage of dry matter). After statistical processing of results the effect of treatment was a demonstrable only on yield, weight and vitamin C content.
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Výskyt a význam škůdců chmele v chmelařské oblasti Tršicko
Gregor, Zdeněk
Pests of hops were monitored in 2013/2014 in a hop region Tršicko - MORAVA HOP s.r.o. The over flight of aphid Phorodon humuli from winter hosting plants and their occurrence in hops areas was monitored by developed methods for monitoring of aphid in a hop garden and by methods of effective temperature sum (sum of temperatures above 3 °C was measured since 1.1.). The occurrence of Tetranychus urticae was moni-tored by deduction of individuals occurred on the hop leaves. The crawling out of Otio-rhynchus ligustici was monitored from the beginning of starting to grow of hop to the hop insertion into the ground. The efficiency of insecticidal interventions was evaluated by counting of live individuals before application and 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 days after it. The over flights of migrantes alatae from primary hosting plants of genus Prunus began 10th May 2013, in 2014 it was 16 days earlier (24th April). Over flight was finished 15th July 2013 and 5th July 2014. Insecticide Teppeki (flonicamide) was used against aphid in 2013, in 2014 was used Karate with Zeon 5 CS (lambda-cyhalothrin) technology and Movento 150 OD (spirotetramate). The efficiency of insecticides (imidaclopride, flonicamide, spirotetramate) was very good (92.15--100%). Spirotetramate also demonstrated very high acaricidal activity (91.25--100%). The first occurrence of Tetranychus urticae was found out 13th June 2013 and 19th June 2014. Applied acaricides (hexythiazox, fenpyroximate, abamectin) and insecticide spirotetramate reached of very high efficiency even after 14 days of using (96.6--100%). The first oc-currence of Otiorhynchus ligustici was noticed 18th April 2013. The flattening of beetle was finished 14th May 2013. The crawling out of this pest in 2014 was monitored even 8th April. In 2013 about 37.96% of hop gardens were treated against Otiorhynchus ligustici. In 2014 it was about 17.12%. The biological efficiency of Actara 25 WG (thiamethoxam 0.2 kg/ha) was very good (83.93 -- 100%).
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