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Final accounts and financial analysis of the company
Vobecká, Zdeňka ; Holečková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Slapničková, Kateřina (referee)
The aim of this work is to define basic theoretical findings of financial analysis and practically apply these to the concrete case of the concrete company. In the first chapter I am going to describe final accounts in general -- legislative requirements, what it is consisted of, what duties result from it. In the second chapter I am going to define financial analysis procedure. I am going to talk about liquidity analysis, profitability analysis, financial stability analysis, indebtedness analysis and activity analysis. In terms of the total assessment of financial health I am going to apply bankrupt and value models. I am also going to look at intercompany comparison, particularly in two ways -- within the scope of a given branch and in comparison to two competing companies. In the third, final, part I am going to apply all the theoretical knowledge to the concrete company and do the final assessment and résumé.
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Final accounts and corporate income tax
Bláhová, Soňa ; Strouhal, Jiří (advisor) ; Cardová, Zdena (referee)
The aim of my diploma paper is a compendious and general description of the final accounting, taxation and their correlation. First part is focused on basic components of accounting, legal regulation in the Czech Republic and definition of the final financial statements, principles and procedures connected with the final accounts. Second part deals with the tax system in the Czech Republic, especially with corporate income tax. I define the basic regulations of the tax base adjustment of income tax. The tax expenses are specified in detail in an extensive chapter. The other parts of my diploma paper are non-tax expenses, the characteristics of amounts that reduce the tax base and the applicable tax deductions. The last part is practical part where I use all rules mentioned in previous parts. This chapter is focused on real calculation of the corporate income tax and final accounting.
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Final accounts in a stock corporation
HANZLOVSKÁ, Jitka
In my graduation thesis named "Final accounts in a stock corporation" I consider financial accounts process and making annual report that every business entity does periodically every year on the end of accounting period. In common sense accounting is very important tool of communicating financial information about business performance to managers, shareholders and other external users. The communication is generally included in financial form statements. Because users have different needs, the presentation of financial accounts is very structured and is under many more legal rules. The aim of this work is confrontation of actual Czech legal rules as theoretical premise with real state of accountancy in specific join-stock company. I focus on audit too. Auditor{\crq}s procedure and process of verification of final accounts is also very important part of this work. To have highest standard of financial reporting is a nowadays reality and I inspect if process of auditing is in good condition and in accord with audit rules. The basic question in this part of the work is aimed at auditor understanding to our company, identifying the key accounting control and minimization of potential risk.
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Compare final accounts by enterprise and non-profit subject
KOŠŤÁL, Lukáš
The topic of this bachelor thesis is a comparison of financial statements in the business and non-for-profit sectors. The financial statements are drawn in the regimes of two accounting systems, which are based on the same act but the content and subject matter of the bookkeeping are regulated by individual implementing regulations. The thesis should read by those who want to expand their knowledge of bookkeeping in the regime used by nongovernmental non-for-profit organizations. For this very reason the chosen concept of the thesis used the comparison, while the author anticipates that the reader has got some basic knowledge of bookkeeping for entrepreneurs. The thesis does have the ambition to explain and to describe the accounting systems as a whole but it seeks to provide a well-structured and factual overview of differences between the accounting systems used by entities which are fundamentally different in terms of their establishing, substance and purpose.
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Final accounts of a Joint Stock Companies
HAVLÍČKOVÁ, Lenka
The aim of my bachelor thesis was described the duties for the statements of joint stock companies in the final accounts in accordance with Czech accounting legislation and evaluate the final accounts of company Plzeňská energetika for the years 2008 and 2009.
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Final accounts and a financial analysis in a allowance organisation
KUKAČOVÁ, Jana
The topic of this thesis is the use of information from final accounts in a financial analysis. Final accounts represent one of the most important sources of data and information necessary to compile a financial analysis and for correct decision making of external users. Nowadays, good knowledge of the financial situation in an organisation {--} its financial stability, liquidity and profitability {--} is necessary for evaluation of economical subjects. This thesis ought to provide the management, external users (especially the founder) with an ``instructions manual`` in order to produce a financial analysis based on the final accounts data and to draw their attention to possible stumbling blocks related to the real value of calculated indicators. The thesis is further concerned with the term ``financial health`` of a company. The aim of a financial analysis is to identify the financial health of the organisation, identify weaknesses, which might cause smaller or greater problems in the future, and to determine its strengths, which could be taken advantage of when planning its future activities. General information concerning the selected ratio indicators is supplemented with a practical example of an analysis of final accounts in an allowance organisation, i.e. a basic school. The aim is to evaluate the financial situation targeted at its financial stability, liquidity and profitability in the frame of its primary and supplementary activities in order to simplify the economic decision making of the organisation and to draw their attention to possible stumbling blocks related to the real value of particular calculated indicators.
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The Questions of Final Accounts and Statement of Balances in an Energy Company
PECH, Václav
The topic of graduation thesis is {\clqq}The Questions of Final Accounts and Statement of Balances in an Energy Company``. The idea of this graduation thesis is a representation of process of the final accounts and statement of balances in concrete company and adjustment of process of the change of conjectural items of assets. The graduation thesis has two parts. First part defined the basic concepts which are included in the final accounts and in the statement of balances. I pursue an individual preparation work in the statement of balances for instance, a stock taking, accounting of resources, rectifying items, reserves, time resolution of cost and revenues, conjectural items of assets etc. Further there it is dealt with statement of balances which represent balance, profit and loss statement, supplement, eventually a statement about cash flows and an overview of changes in the shareholders´ capital and include audit of the statement of balances. The second part of graduation thesis describes a process of the change of conjectural items of assets - especially not invoiced energy - and 2008 final account and statement of balances in the Energy Company E.ON Ditribuce, a.s.
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Final accounts in compliance with IFRS
TYLOVÁ, Kateřina
The theme of my bachelor thesis is the final accounts according to the International Financial Reporting Standarts, especially, the first transformation of the final accounts from the czech accounting legislation to the IFRS. In the first part I present the theoretical basis which is necessary to know for a realization of reporting according to the IFRS and I mention to whom is it related to. In a practical part I realized the first transformation of the financial statements to the IFRS to 31. 12. 2007 in one middle-sized czech company which is focused on goods traffic and repair business. Considering the size of my work I chose the most important items and account cases which we can find in most of the companies and which solve the IFRS differently. Especially, it refers to the investment property, non-current assets held for sale, evaluation of assets, provisions, financial leasing, deferred tax and long-term receivables. I was interested how difficult such transformation is and to how big differences in the reported items can it lead. It is evident from the tranformation that the differences in the reporting between Czech accounting legislation and the IFRS are considerable. That is why I was interested in which principles both of the methods differ and which of them correspond more to the principle of a true and full display. In this confrontation the IFRS is winning which try to display the whole property from which the account unit has an economical profit and display his real value as well. On the other hand, the IFRS are far liberal, they often provide a choice of several different possibilities for reporting of some items what obstructs the principle of a comparability of the particular companies. One of the disadvantages of the IFRS is its demandingness, it requires better cooperation between the accountants, management and experts. The Standarts are not written in a comprehensible way, they are too large and there is a shoortage of a practical book and a software for the realization of a transformation in the market. Especially, for the small and middle-sized companies the transformation is a big burden and it leads to a generation of some special standart for them today.
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The Final Accounts and Statement of Balances in a Company
KOLOMAZNÍKOVÁ, Petra
The topic of my graduation thesis is ``The Final Accounts and Statement of Balances in a Company``. The aim of this graduation thesis is a representation of process of the final accounts and statement of balances in a particular company. The graduation thesis has two parts. In the first part are defined the basic concepts which are included in the final accounts and in the statement of balances. I deal with an individual preparation work in the statement of balances for instance, a stock taking, rectifying items, time resolution of cost and revenues, etc. Further there it is dealt with closing books of accounts, tax due and deferrate tax of corporated income tax, and finally, a proper statement of balances which represent balance, profit and loss statement, supplement, eventually a statement about cash flows and an overview of changes in the shareholders´ capital. The duties link with statement of balances do not end with the fiscal period closing. The duties include audit of the statement of balances, making a record of an annual report of a company, publication of the statement of balances and the annual report of a company in a digest of documents of the Company Register and an income tax return must be submitted. In the second part of my graduation thesis is described a process of the 2007 final account and statement of balances in the Transport Undertaking in the town České Budějovice, Inc.
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Operating results and its transformation to taxe base
KUTÍLKOVÁ, Aneta
Operating results and its transformation to tax base is one of essential accounting operations in the end of the accounting period. Operating results is in economy seen as overall title for profit or loss, which a company records during a certain period. To be able to achieve the operating results, we have to go through a sequence of operations leading to the finishing of the accounting period. These operations are called Final accounts and we divide it further into advance working, closing of book, setting of the financial statement and follow-up work. The aim of my thesis is to characterize certain steps which lead in accounting to the assessment of the operating results.
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