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Influence Healthy Life for People Diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus Using Yoga Exercises
VOLDŘICHOVÁ, Radka
Diabetes mellitus type 2 is petting more seriousness, today has been one of the most common disease of civilization. The aim of the Bachelor thesis point out the importace and influence of yoga exercise in health promotion and treatment of diabetes in the elderly age. The theoretical part defines the nature of diabetes, diagnosis, clinical features, complications and the posibility of non ? pharmacological treatment. Futhemore the Bachelor thesis describes the parts of joga, which combines into a coherent and comprehensive system and it has positive effects on body, mind, consciousness and soul. Twelve seniors 60 ? 90 years old, have taken part in six-months intervention program, according to the systém Yoga in Daily Life and Diabetes. Research part is based on analysis and comparison of measured datas presented in the form of tables and graphs, statistical evaluation of the quality of life SF-36, for seniors with diabetes efore and after application of yoga intervention program. This work shows that regular yoga practice is an important partner and effective aid in treatment diabetes type 2 positively influences quality of life for diabetics. All data obtained during the whole program, with the consent of the participants also served for international scientific study of Yoga in Daily Life for Diabetes.
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Infectious agents causing-cancers
Olos, Tomáš ; Dáňová, Jana (advisor)
Cancer is one of the most serious problems of clinical medicine. At present, the cause of death of every fifth citizen of the CR and the incidence is rising. This civilization disease affects an extra lower age range. Compared to the past, this is mainly due to the fundamentally different composition of food that contains a preponderance of sugars and fats, but also stress and contamination of environmental substances with carcinogenic effect. Unsuitable diet and carcinogens present in the water, air and food cause the forming jednolivých higher number of tumor cells than the natural organism. The immune system may be weakened by stress and pollutants, it is not able to adequately respond to this situation. For the greatest amount of recovered material, I have most dealt with the issue of hepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship to hepatitis B an Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Current methods of prevention and possibilities of treatment of bovine mastitis
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Kamila
My bachelor work called Current methods of prevention and possibilities of treatment of bovine mastitis has been created with a view to the fact that mastitis is one of the most economic significant disease of cattle . The prevention of mastitis includes individual measures important for maintaining the health of dairy cows. The basic principle of prevention is to avoid weakening the natural immunity of dairy cows and especially of the mammary gland as such. To maintain healthy mammary glands the welfare of the cows is important. Dairy cows should be properly housed and fed a high quality, harmless food. An important measure is the correct milking procedure. Pasture has a very favourable effect on the health and welfare of dairy cows. An important aspect in the prevention of mastitis is drying off which is often carried out at a flat rate and globally. The use of non-antibiotic cements is a new trend of drying off, only usable in dairy cows with healthy mammary gland. Research in the immunoprophylaxis of mastitis is still ongoing, because the etiology of mastitis is not yet entirely clear. Conventional treatment of mastitis is based on the use of antibiotics during lactation or during the dry period. According to the seriousness of the disease is selected a local or total application or a combination of both. Supplementary treatment is the application of enzymatic preparations which reduce the required dose of antibiotics and accelerate healing. The unconventional treatment of mastitis that is more common on organic farms, is represented by homeopathy and phytotherapy, which are used mostly in mild inflammation of the mammary gland. If therapy should be an effective, early start of treatment is very important.
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Ethical aspects of decisions made about resuscitation of patients in the terminal phase of illness in prehospital care
UHER, Lukáš
One of the three contraindications to initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a condition where the patient is in the terminal stage of the disease. (Bydžovský, 2008) The patient's terminal condition of incurable disease must be diagnosed by a doctor, not a paramedic or other health professional. (Sláma, 2009) The paramedic can (...) initiate and perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation. (Decree 55/2011 Coll., §17, letter. B) In an atmosphere where over-optimistic presentation of resuscitation protocol outcomes is growing, many people believe that it is the only orrect procedure for circulatory arrest regardless of life stage or terminal conditions. This increases the pressure put on the rescuers and doctors in pre-hospital emergency care by loved ones and family members of victims of sudden circulatory arrest. A paramedic and a doctor may respond the fear of legal challenges for failure to provide heroic care by actually begining resuscitation on patients with end-stage disease, but with less emphasis on the frequency and depth of compression of the sternum against their knowledge and beliefs. This phenomenon is called "hollywood resuscitation." (Sláma, 2009) The purpose of this thesis is to outline the ethical issues of resuscitation on patients in the terminal phase of illness as perceived by emergency workers. The research question that I deal with is, ?How do emergency medical rescue service staff access the decision to resuscitate terminally ill patients with particular regard to the expectations of family members?? The introduction introduces the reader with the nature of the paramedic profession, the importance of resuscitation and my relationship to the topic. In the theoretical part I define terms such as emergency medical service, resuscitation and its indications and contraindications, medical law and terminal condition. To get the results I used qualitative research that I realized at Emergency Medical Service South Moravian Region. I asked ten basic questions. The research group consists of two male doctors, four female doctors and seven paramedics. The interviews show that the notion of hollywood resuscitation is not known, but resuscitation at the interface of ethics and justice is experienced by all. Four paramedics rate their actions as unethical, this leaves them with the feeling of disapointment in themselves and their profession. They feel forced into this bind by the legislation. For the other three paramedics ethics at the place of the event were either do not percieve or they transfered esponsibility to the doctor by calling him. All of these doctors were fully qualified and most of them have not launched the resuscitation against their ethical beliefs. Some doctors avoid the issue by speaking with sensitivity to the family, others by solving the patient's current difficulties and they get the general information about him later. To improve this situation by contributing quality education to families in the facility where the patient is monitored for his primary diagnosis. Another solution could be specific document outlining end of life choices as desired by the patient or card on which ?Do Not Resuscitate? direction is clearly given. According to these specific documents pre-event direction is given that will direct amendment the standard procedure for emergency medical services. The rescue workers will feel greater legal certainty. This final designation document solution will increase paramedic´s competences.
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Ecotoxicological Screening of the Select Drug II
Dubánková, Marianna ; Macáková, Kateřina (referee) ; Vytlačilová, Jitka (advisor)
Dubánková, M. (2010) - Ecotoxicological Screening of the Select Drug II. Diplomová práce. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Quinolone antibacterial agents represent a chemically homogenous group of purely synthetic antibiotics which originated in the early 1960s and still play an important role in the antimicrobial chemotherapy. Quinolones (or more specific, fluoroquinolones) are frequently used in human therapy for treatment of both common and serious diseases (they are irreplaceable also against bioterrorist weapons, such as anthrax). Some of the fluoroquinolones are also among the most used veterinary antimicrobials, including their large-scale usage in aquaculture. Only in the Czech Republic, their annual consumption is in the order of millions of defined daily doses (DDD). Fluoroquinolones as entirely synthetic compounds do not have any natural source in the environment - therefore their occurrence in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems is the result of human activity. Excluding the direct application to the aquatic environment (prophylaxis and treatment of bacterial diseases in the aquaculture), the most common point of entry of fluoroquinolones into the environment is via the wastewaters. Numerous studies...
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Analysis of the current institutional adjusment of liability for economic damages caused by wild boar in the Czech Republic since 2000
Hekrle, Marek ; Louda, Jiří (advisor) ; Řežábek, Pavel (referee)
Growing populations of wild pigs are causing economic damage, societal risk and the risk of spreading infectious diseases. Czech Wildlife Management defines a wild boar as a renewable natural resource not owned by specific subject and sets hunter's liability for economic damage caused by it. For the purpose of the work was prepared questionnaires addressed to the farming agricultural subjects and representatives of hunter's association in the Czech republic. The author confirmed his hypothesis that the current institutional game management of wild boars leads only to a limited negotiation between hunters and farmers due to bad enforcement of economic damages. Thesis proves, that in most cases economic damagesare not enforced by farming subject. Hunters are in the position of free riders participating in the unwillingness and lack of incentives for farmers to enforce economic damages or to enforce non-equivalent to the amount of damages. It shows that the current institutional adjustment does not support the principle of personal liability and motivation, and does not optimize populations of wild boar and thereby reduce the economic damage.
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Synthesis of functional derivatives of malonic acid as building blocks for elastase-inhibitors
Hrušková, Marie ; Opletalová, Veronika (advisor) ; Cahlíková, Lucie (referee)
Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn The Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I Diploma Thesis Synthesis of Functional Derivatives of Malonic Acid as Buildings Blocs for Elastase Inhibitors Marie Hrušková Human leukocyte elastase (HLE) is a serine protease, which plays an important role in inflammatory diseases. Low molecular weight inhibitors can be therapeutically used for example for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. In this thesis, azetidin- 2,4-dione derivatives should be prepared as HLE inhibitors. In particular, 3- (benzyloxycarbonylamino)-3-ethyl-N-phenyl-azetidine-2,4-dione should be synthesized. The protected amino group was expected to increase the peptidic character of this molecule and thus, affinity to HLE. The starting compound was 2-aminomalonic acid diethylester hydrochlorid. The amino function was protected in the first step, followed by alkylation and then hydrolysis of 2- (benzyloxycarbonylamino)-2-ethylmalonic acid diethylester to 2-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)- 2-ethylmalonic acid. Both the ester of 2-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)malonic acid and the 2-(benzyloxycarbonyl-amino)ethylmalonic acid showed in their 1 H NMR spectra a multiplet in place of the expected quartet. This phenomenon was...
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Nursing care of patients with stroke
BALGOVÁ, Veronika
This thesis is divided into a theoretical and an empirical part and it deals with nursing and patient care after a stroke. The theoretical part comprehensively summarized the issues related to stroke. It deals with the definition of the disease given, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, complications and therapy. Very important part is the area of nursing care that due to the nature of the disease, carries many specifics and includes comprehensive care, which may include stroke centers. There were stated objectives for this bachelor thesis: 1. To identify the problematic areas when providing nursing care to the patient after a stroke. 2. To secure the patient´s satisfaction with nursing care. Based on these objectives there were asked two research questions: 1. What are the problematic areas in nursing care of patients after a stroke? 2. Are patients satisfied with nursing care? The empirical part of this bachelor thesis presents the results of a qualitative research. The form of a semi-structured interview and a hidden observation was used. The interview with five nurses working in the neurology department and with five respondents who have had a stroke was conducted on the basis of questions prepared in advance. When analyzing the results, the method of "paper and pencil" was used. The processed results were categorized and then split into subcategories. The hidden observation was focused on five nurses working in the neurology department. Observation results were recorded into an observation diary and eventually evaluated. All of the research questions asked were answered by realizing and processing the survey. The results of the survey point to a very good quality of nursing care provided in the neurology department. However, based on interviews and observations, some minor flaws occurred. One of them is the lack of respect for privacy and intimacy while providing nursing care and inadequate defecation reflex training. It was further found that nurses presented the rehabilitation as the most important part in providing nursing care, but they unfortunately did not take part in it. Another problem mentioned by nurses is the lack of time to be able to individually work on all interventions that have been chosen. As a great positive we can present big satisfaction of respondents with the approach of nurses in providing nursing care. Based on the result of this research an informative brochure was created. This booklet can serve to the nursing staff as a kind of summary of the principles needed to be held when giving nursing care about patients with the issues mentioned above. It can also be used as a teaching tool for students.
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Study of metabolic syndrome in mice model: roles of dietary lipids, adipose tissue and AMP-activated protein kinase
Medříková, Daša ; Kopecký, Jan (advisor) ; Houštěk, Josef (referee) ; Novotný, Jiří (referee)
Obesity and associated metabolic disorders, e. g. metabolic syndrome, represent a considerable health threat for modern society. Due to sedentary lifestyle, high caloric intake and changes in composition of diet, prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide. One of the possible causes contributing to higher prevalence of obesity in recent population could be the change of fatty acids (FA) composition of dietary lipids, with the shift in the content of n-6 and n-3 FA toward n-6 FA. In contrast to n-6 FA, n-3 FA are known for their anti-atherogenic, anti-obesogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. In our experiments in mice, the capability of naturally occurred and chemically modified n- 3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) in prevention and reversal of specific parts of metabolic syndrome was demonstrated. A specific chemical derivative of docosahexaenoic acid was proven to be very effective in preventing and improving metabolic conditions of animals exposed to high-fat (HF) diet challenge. Further, the involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a master regulator of lipid metabolism, in skeletal muscle thermogenesis induced by HF-feeding was investigated. Activation of AMPK in the HF-fed mice is most possibly caused by increased leptin levels and represents an important link...
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Chelating polymers for the therapy of Wilson's disease
Mattová, Jana ; Poučková, Pavla (advisor) ; Sedláková, Zdeňka (referee) ; Vávrová, Jiřina (referee)
Wilson's disease is a hereditary disorder of copper metabolism, which causes copper accumulation in organism, especially in the liver, kidneys and brain. Current treatment is based on using low-molecular weight copper chelators and high doses of zinc salts. Unfortunately, they can induce some severe side effects due to systemic action. The aim of this thesis is to improve the treatment of Wilson's disease by using of polymeric drug delivery systems. The size of polymer particles in tens of microns should provide non-resorbability of the drug after oral administration. Synthetic microparticles of poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co- ethylene dimethacrylate), natural microcrystalline cellulose and cross-linked chitosan were used as polymer matrices. N,N-di(2-pyridylmethyl)amine, triethylenetetraamine and 8-hydroxyquinoline were selected as specific copper chelators, which can complex copper cations with high efficiency. The principle of the proposed treatment is that the polymeric carrier-bound chelator complex copper directly from the food in digestive tract of the organism. Because of non-resorbability, the entire complex should be eliminated from the body together with stools. This virtually eliminates systemic side effects. The ability of adsorption of copper and the stability of polymer complex under...
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