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The quality of barley for food and feeding
KADLECOVÁ, Helena
By the purchasing of malting barley and fodder barley from collective farms, companies, smaller enterprises and also independently farming farmers the quality is evaluated by indicators which are determined by valid standards. A range of factors participating in resulting grain quality. The quality criterions and laboratory methods were created in order to specify the quality of barley in the company laboratory ZZN Pelhřimov. Average values of the results of analysis of malting barley in years 2008 - 2012 were compared wiht the national average which its yearly evaluated by ČÚPS in Brno. In addition to the genetical base the malting quality is mostly influenced by the sequence weather in individual years.
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Characteristics of crude protein fractions in ruminant nutrition
KOUKOLOVÁ, Marie
Physiology of nutrition and feeding of farm animals is an essential factor influencing production efficiency and its quality. For these factors is important to provide optimal supply of nutrients by suitable feeds. Felicitous feed ration raise the economic realization of genetic potential of animals. Therefore we have to know the nutritional requirements of animals, including microorganisms, whose function in the diet of cattle is irreplaceable. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional value of forage and lupine feeds (n = 8) by laboratory methods. Samples were analyzed for individual feed nutrients (crude protein (CP), fat, crude fiber, ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL)), gross energy and nitrogen fractions, and the results were statistically processed. Determination of individual nitrogen fractions was according to methods of Licitra et al. (1996). For this purpose were used following laboratory methods: (1) determination of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) (2), determination of soluble nitrogen and protein, (3) determination of nitrogen insoluble in acid detergent (ADIP), (4) determination of nitrogen insoluble in neutral detergent (NDIP). From these were obtained the results of NPN, IP (insoluble protein), SOLP (soluble protein), ADIP (nitrogen insoluble in acid detergent) and NDIP (insoluble nitrogen in neutral detergent). Averaged values (g.kg-1 of dry matter) of were 144.3 for NPN, 97.5 for IP, 78.7 for SOLP, 30.4 for ADIP and 80.3 for NDIP. Nitrogen fractions, i.e. fraction A (nonprotein nitrogen), fraction B1 (rapidly degraded protein), fraction B2 (intermediately degraded protein), fraction B3 (slowly degraded protein) and fraction C (bound protein) were calculated by equations of Ghoorchi and Arbabi (2010). The range of values was from 2.5 to 51.2 % of CP for fraction A, from 13.4 to 20.7 % of CP for fraction B1, from 0 to 19.9 % of CP for fraction B2, from 5.5 to 51.9 % of CP for fraction B3 and from 10.1 to 32.4 % of CP for fraction C.
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Effect of organic and conventional potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) farming on selected characteristics of potato tuber proteins
MÍČKA, Tomáš
Diploma thesis follows the influence of organic and conventional potato management (Solanum tuberosum L.) on tuber protein content. Potato protein represents from 1/3 to {$^1\!/\!_2$} of total tuber nitrogen compound and belongs among the most valuable plant proteins - its high value is given by high level of essential amino acids. Important group of potato proteins is a patatin (complex of patatin proteins), which is considered as a major storage protein and has many important physiological functions such as antioxidant activity and function of defense system against pathogenic organisms. The aim of the the work was to determined content of crude protein, pure protein and patatin proteins representation in the total protein of potato tubers. The diploma thesis was solved using 5 potatoes varieties, 2 year{\crq}s repetition and variant of organic and conventional potato production system. The obtained data were statistically evaluated. It was found, that content of dry matter in potato tubers was significantly influenced by a year and locality of the field experiment. Crude protein content in potato tubers was significantly influenced by a year, variety and type of potato management system. The potato tubers produced under conventional and organic management contained 9.93 and 9.16 % of crude protein in dry matter, respectively. Pure protein content was significantly influenced by variety. The affect of crop management on the pure protein content was not statistically signifiant. However, slightly higher content of pure protein was evaluated in dry matter of potato tuber produced under convetional than under organic crop management resulting in average value of 4.23 and 3.86 %, respectively. Representation of pure protein in total content of nitrogen matters was significantly influenced by variety and a year of growing. Complex of patatin proteins (40-45 kDa) was detected for all of the evaluated potato varieties and variants of the field experiment. Higher number of patatin isoforms (with rather physiological function) was investigated in potato tubers from organic crop management.
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